This document specifies the test methods for determination of
a) the properties of the rubber material used to manufacture the elastomeric isolators, and
b) the characteristics of elastomeric isolators.
It is applicable to elastomeric isolators used to provide buildings or bridges with protection from earthquake damage. The elastomeric isolators covered consist of alternate elastomeric layers and reinforcing steel plates which are placed between a superstructure and its substructure to provide both flexibility for decoupling structural systems from ground motion, and damping capability to reduce displacement at the isolation interface and the transmission of energy from the ground into the structure at the isolation frequency.
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This document specifies methods for calculating the resin, fibre and void contents of a carbon-fibre-reinforced composite from the densities of the resin, the fibre and the composite and the mass of fibre in the composite (using method A), for calculating the fibre content from the thickness of the composite (using method B), and for calculating the fibre content by volume and areal void content through microscopic analysis (using method C).
Method A specifies three different resin removal procedures for the determination of the mass of fibre in the composite (viz a combustion procedure, a procedure by digestion in nitric acid and a procedure by digestion in a mixture of sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide). The selection of the procedure to be used is made by considering the combustibility of the resin used in the composite, its ability to decompose and the type of resin concerned. Method A is only of limited applicability when filled resins are present that can prevent complete dissolution and/or combustibility of the resin.
Method B (thickness measurement method) is only applicable to composites moulded from prepregs of known fibre mass per unit area.
Method C (microscopic method) is only applicable to carbon-fibre-reinforced composites with unidirectional, orthogonal and multidirectional laminates. It can also be used as reference for determination of the areal void content and fibre volume content of aramid- or glass-fibre-reinforced plastics, but is not applicable to fabric reinforced composites.
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This guidebook is a practical and essential tool covering all the necessary steps for structural design engineers to create detailed and accurate calculations in accordance with Australian and international standards.
General project requirements are explained in terms of project management and document control. Calculation methods and details are shown for actions (wind, seismic, dead and live loads). Design details are then provided for steel, concrete, timber, and geotechnical calculations (footings, piles, retaining walls, etc.). Detailed worked example calculations are included throughout the text, as well as typical CAD details for design drawings. Design items are explained for typical items of equipment found across various industries (e.g. piping, vessels, lifting, machine foundations, access, composite structures, bunds, and more). Design aids are provided, including guides and examples for popular engineering programs (Space Gass, Strand7 and Rhinoceros 3D). Comprehensive capacity tables are also included for steel and concrete elements.
This edition has been updated to include the latest design requirements from Australian Standards, including Steel Structures (AS 4100–2020), Concrete Structures (AS 3600–2018) (including steel fibre reinforced concrete slabs), Earthquake Actions (AS 1170.4–2024), and basic requirements from Timber Structures (AS 1720.1–2010). Requirements from many more Australian Standards and international standards are also provided in the context of typical design projects.
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Combined Pile-Raft Foundations Design and Practice
Author(s)/Editor(s): Oliver Reul, Mark Randolph | Size: 35.45 MB| Format:PDF| Quality:Original preprint| Publisher: CRC Press| Year: December 16, 2024| pages: 270 | ISBN: 9781032155500
This book presents the fundamental features of the design and performance of combined pile-raft foundations (CPRFs). Whereas in a traditional foundation the loads are carried either by the raft or by the piles, the capacity of CPRFs is assessed for the foundation as a whole, reducing total and differential settlements economically.
The five chapters provide an overview of the historical development of piled rafts in practice and research, and of the design concepts developed for piled rafts over the last decades. Fundamental aspects of their bearing behaviour are presented, as well as an overview of the framework of the design process for CPRFs, including the safety concept, the design approach summarised in the ISSMGE Combined Pile-Raft Foundation Guideline (ISSMGE TC 212 2013) and the interaction between structural and geotechnical engineering. For numerical analysis based on the finite element method, guidance is given on creating the model and performing the calculations before providing basic information on the requirements for the site investigation, supervision of the construction process and monitoring of the foundation performance. Detailed case studies illustrate the design and performance of CPRFs, and a design example for the foundation of a multi-storey office building founded in non-cohesive soil is investigated, carrying out 3D finite element analysis to estimate deformations and design parameters for structural engineering.
Based on the combined experience of the authors obtained in the last decades working in the industry and research, the book particularly suits consulting engineers engaged in foundation engineering, as well as graduate students and researchers interested in the bearing behaviour of piled rafts and pile groups.
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Structural Mechanics covers three different aspects of modern engineering: the foundation of structural mechanics, the solution to urgent industrial problems, and the reconstruction of major accidents. This book offers six case studies that teach how to identify the most important phase of the collapse or fracture of a complex system, develop a simple mathematically tractable model, and offer a discussion of the analytical and numerical solutions.
This book originated from the lecture notes of Professor Tomasz Wierzbicki who taught at MIT and Stanford University. The notes were amended and improved many times over the years to provide a link between rigorous theoretical foundations with solutions to important engineering problems. The book discusses complex man-made structures under accidental impact or explosive loads, resulting in the loss of life and/or extensive property, infrastructural, and environmental damage. The book deals with reconstructing the sequence of events of such accidents from the structural point of view. The book is not restricted to the accident reconstruction only - concepts and solutions of the elasticity, advance plasticity and ductile fracture were used throughout the reconstruction of the accidents. The additional 17 lectures provide theoretical foundations for the elastic structures, plastic plates and shells, and ductile fracture.
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A proper design of the substation bus is aimed towards a safe and reliable operation of the substation and the power system. Two different types of buses are used in substations: the rigid bus and the strain (cable). Information is provided by this guide on the different bus arrangements used in substations stating the advantages and disadvantages of each. Information as related to each bus type and construction is also provided. Once the bus type is selected, the calculation tools for each bus type are provided by this guide. Based on these calculations, the bus size, forces acting on the bus structure, the number of mounting structures required, and hardwa...
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Could you please share the 2023 version of the following standard? Thanks in advance.
Title: Guide for Bus Design in Air Insulated Substations
Code #: IEEE 605-2023
Date of Publication: 24 July 2024
Electronic ISBN:979-8-8557-0689-5
Sponsor Committee: PE/SUB - Substations Committee
Publisher: IEEE
Autodesk Civil 3D design software empowers civil engineers to meet complex infrastructure challenges in a 3D model-based environment.
Accelerate design and documentation
Advance design automation
Improve collaboration and coordination
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Dears I am looking for the below design handbook with SI units, i searched the forum but could only find the lb/in version, it will be great if someone has a copy and can share it.
Bentley OpenRoads ConceptStation offers roadway and bridge design capabilities to help road and land development engineers create intelligent models in context. Explore conceptual design options with real-world data and cost analysis to improve project results. Combine data acquisition, reality modeling, and conceptual design to help identify high-cost and high-risk items in the preliminary and planning design stages of your infrastructure projects.
Capabilities:
- Create conceptual designs
Generate multiple design scenarios with associated costs for better decision making. Quickly consider different design options to optimize road and bridge designs. Load your own historical bid tabulations to ensure realistic cost information.
- Draw road and bridge designs
Draw roads, ramps, bridges, guardrails, street lights, and more in hours not days using engineering-friendly drawing capabilities. Ensure industry standards are adhered to in the design.
- Incorporate contextual information
Jump-start the conceptual design process by locating and downloading data-rich context information for a given location to model in a real-world setting. You can readily import data from your GIS to create intelligent 3D models in context with minimal effort.
- Render in real-time with cinematic quality
Create stunning photo-realistic visualizations in seconds using dynamic immersive visualization engine platform providing natural looking light and shadows, real-time global illumination, IES point and spotlights, lens flares, and luminous materials. Interactively adjust time of day, add lens flares, and apply depth of field while benefiting from highly accurate reflections, anti-aliasing, and motion blur.
- Transition conceptual design to detailed design
Move your optimized conceptual design to the detailed design phase while maintaining geometric integrity. Ensure your digital model is utilized in OpenRoads for accelerated project delivery and better design quality.
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