This is the third edition of CSA N289.2, Ground motion determination for seismic qualification of nuclear power plants. It supersedes the previous editions, published in 2010 and 1981.
The major changes to this edition include the following:
• Clause 4 has been revised to address microearthquake monitoring and induced seismicity.
• Clause 5 has been revised and restructured to provide more details on and differentiate between seismic source characterization and ground motion models (GMMs), and to address the weights associated with both.
• Clause 6 has been revised to address seismic hazard results for near-fault sites, while considering damage potential of earthquakes, and the development of scenario earthquakes.
• A new Clause 7, on evaluation of seismic hazards considering local site conditions, has been introduced to provide a procedure to account for local conditions and for various sources of uncertainty.
• A new Clause 8, an independent peer review, has been introduced to enhance the confidence level of seismic hazard assessment and evaluations.
• A new informative annex (Annex B) has been introduced for processing earthquake motions recorded at the plant site.
• Another new informative annex (Annex C), a bibliography, has been introduced to include recent references and publications associated with the scope of this Standard.
• This Standard has been aligned with recently published CSA Group standards, CNSC Regulatory Documents, and industry documents.
Standards in the CSA N289 series of Standards are developed in response to a recognition by the utilities and industries concerned with nuclear facilities in Canada of a need for the documentation of standards applicable to the seismic design and qualification of nuclear structures, systems, and components (SSCs) of nuclear power plants. Users of this Standard should recognize that it has the force of law only when adopted by the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) or the appropriate regulatory body (in countries other than Canada).
The CSA N289 series of Standards consists of five Standards. Some of the objectives of each Standard are summarized as follows:
a) CSA N289.1-18, General requirements for seismic design and qualification of nuclear power plants, provides guidelines for identifying structures and systems requiring seismic qualification based on nuclear safety considerations;
b) CSA N289.2:21, Ground motion determination for seismic qualification of nuclear power plants, determines the appropriate seismic ground motion parameters for a particular site;
c) CSA N289.3:20, Design procedures for seismic qualification of nuclear power plants, provides design requirements, criteria, and methods of analysis for
i) determining the design response spectra and ground motion time-histories to be used in the analysis;
ii) establishing design criteria for SSCs, and supports that require seismic qualification; and
iii) performing seismic analyses, including the effects of the soil-structure interaction;
d) CSA N289.4-12, Testing procedures for seismic qualification of nuclear power plant structures, systems and components, provides design requirements and methods for seismic qualification of specific components and systems by testing methods; and
e) CSA N289.5-12, Seismic instrumentation requirements for nuclear power plants and nuclear facilities, establishes the requirements for seismic instrumentation and for seismic-related inspection of structures and systems before and after a seismic event.
The CSA N-Series Standards provide an interlinked set of requirements for the management of nuclear facilities and activities. CSA N286 provides overall direction to management to develop and implement sound management practices and controls, while the other CSA Group nuclear Standards provide technical requirements and guidance that support the management system.
This Standard works in harmony with CSA N286 and does not duplicate the generic requirements of CSA N286; however, it can provide more specific direction for those requirements. Users of this Standard are reminded that the design, manufacture, construction, commissioning, operation, and decommissioning of nuclear facilities in Canada are subject to the provisions of the Nuclear Safety and Control Act and its Regulations. The Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) can therefore impose additional requirements to those specified in this Standard.
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This is the third edition of CSA N291, Requirements for nuclear safety-related structures. It supersedes the previous edition published in 2015 under the title, Requirements for safety-related structures for nuclear power plants and 2008 under the title, Requirements for safety-related structures for CANDU®nuclear power plants. The title has been changed to reflect more accurately the scope.
Note: CANDU®(CANada Deuterium Uranium) is a registered trademark of Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL).
There have been many changes throughout this edition; the most significant changes are as follows:
• clarification of the scope, specifically for storage of radioactive waste material;
• addition of new clauses on testing of welding materials and rebar splice materials;
• addition of new clauses on beyond design basis and design extension conditions;
• addition of new clauses on personnel qualifications for: visual inspection, non-destructive examination, welding, concrete construction inspection, and non-metallic liner and coatings inspection.
• modification and addition of new clauses to clarify the requirements for a formal, detailed construction inspection and testing program;
• addition of new clauses on aging management; and
• updates to tests and test frequencies tables for concrete materials, concrete, and grout.
This Standard specifies requirements for the material, analysis and design, construction, fabrication, inspection, examination, and aging management of safety-related structures constructed of structural steel, reinforced concrete, and reinforced masonry. The minimum design requirements specified in this Standard follow the requirements of CSA A23.3, CSA S16, CSA S304.1, and the National Building Code of Canada. Additional requirements reference the CSA N287 series and the CSA N289 series of Standards.
This Standard provides a general definition of safety-related structures rather than a comprehensive listing of all safety-related structures. The analysis and design of structures cover static and dynamic loads, and the loads, load factors, load combinations, and safety criteria cover service loads and abnormal/environmental loads. This Standard also covers the design and analysis of irradiated fuels and radioactive waste storage structures.
The CSA N-Series of Standards provides an interlinked set of requirements for the management of nuclear facilities and activities. CSA N286 provides overall direction to management to develop and implement sound management practices and controls, while the other CSA Group nuclear Standards provide technical requirements and guidance that support the management system. This Standard works in harmony with CSA N286 and does not duplicate the generic requirements of CSA N286; however, it may provide more specific direction for those requirements.
The users of this Standard are reminded that an authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) such as the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission might impose additional requirements to those specified in this Standard.
This Standard was prepared by the Subcommittee on Requirements for Nuclear Safety-Related Structures, under the jurisdiction of the Technical Committee on Concrete Containment and Safety- Related Structures for Nuclear Power Plants and the Strategic Steering Committee on Nuclear Standards, and has been formally approved by the Technical Committee.
This is the first edition of CSA N291COM, Commentary on CSA N291, Requirements for nuclear safety-related structures.
The discussion provided in this Commentary is directed toward the requirements of the third edition of CSA N291 published in March 2019, and does not address any amendments issued since this initial publication. This Commentary does not provide formal interpretations of CSA N291 and should be viewed only as an informative annotation of portions of CSA N291. It has been written in an informative (non-mandatory) language and is not intended to be adopted by users of CSA N291 or regulatory authorities as additional requirements. Significant changes between editions of CSA N291 that would benefit from commentary along with the rationale for the changes are outlined.
This Commentary responds to questions and comments raised by those who have participated in developing and implementing CSA N291. It provides a context and explanation for the structure and content of CSA N291 and outlines the governing principles and requirements. The Commentary does not cover the entire content of every clause of CSA N291.
The intent is to update this Commentary after the publication of each new edition of CSA N291 to incorporate information associated with amendments to published editions and new editions and to expand the Commentary as additional needs are identified.
This Commentary was prepared by the Subcommittee on Commentary on CSA N291 Requirements for Nuclear Safety-Related Structures, under the jurisdiction of the Technical Committee on Concrete Containment and Safety-Related Structures for Nuclear Power Plants and the Nuclear Strategic Steering Committee on Nuclear Standards, and has been formally approved by the Technical Committee.
Scope
CSA N291 provides requirements for nuclear safety-related structures. The scope of the Standard has somewhat evolved as described below.
The first edition (2008) of the Standard included within its scope the structures and components of CANDU NPPs that support, house, or protect nuclear safety systems and are required for the safe operation and shutdown of the reactor. The scope also included the facilities for the storage of irradiated fuel and other radioactive waste material. The intent of this was to be broad and all- encompassing, and to allow for the operating organization to determine the applicability of the Standard to their structure, as agreed by the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ).
Clarification of the scope with regards to radioactive waste storage structures was provided in the second edition (2015) to ensure that the users understood that the Standard applies to the storage of wet and dry irradiated fuel. The scope statement in the second edition clarified that the storage of other radioactive waste was to be included for facilities as agreed by the AHJ.
In the third edition (2019), the requirement of dry irradiated fuel was refined from a generic inclusion to include those that are required as agreed with the AHJ. Dry irradiated fuel was moved to Item e) of Clause 1.1 and included with other radioactive waste material. The use of as agreed with the AHJ means that the AHJ and the operating organization can agree to use other standards besides CSA N291 for the structures listed in Item e). Notes were added to Clause 1.1 to clarify that not all elements of the structures described in Item e) are considered safety-related, and to provide additional guidance on the storage of other radioactive waste with reference to CSA N292 with respect to high-level waste.
In the third edition, the scope of the Standard has been broadened to apply to any nuclear safety-related structures, not only those within NPPs
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This is the eleventh edition of CSA O86, Engineering design in wood. It is presented in limit states design (LSD) format and supersedes the previous editions published in 2014, 2009, 2001, 1994, 1989, 1984, 1980, 1976, 1970, and 1959, including their Supplements.
Editions of CSA O86 published in 1959, 1970, 1976, 1980, and 1984 were all developed using working stress design (WSD) theory. The last WSD version, CSA CAN3-O86-M84, Engineering design in wood (working stress design), existed concurrently with the first (1984) and second (1989) LSD versions, Engineering design in wood (limit states design). The WSD version was withdrawn on publication of the 1994 LSD edition.
Three LSD editions were published in 1984, 1989, and 1994 with the CSA designation O86.1. Supplements to each of these editions were published in 1987, 1993, and 1998, respectively. Although the 2001 edition was also based on the LSD method, the O86 designation was reinstated.
Significant changes in this edition include the following:
• editorial changes and some reformatting and restructuring of all clauses for clarity of layout, especially Clauses 11 and 12;
• revisions to design provisions for vibration serviceability of joisted floor systems;
• revisions to add Structural Face-Glued Lumber grade-stamped NLGA SPS 5 and SPS 6 wood products, and Face-Glued/Finger-Joined Lumber Vertical Stud Use Only grade-stamped NLGA SPS 5 and SPS 6 wood products;
• modification of Table 6.6 to revise specified strengths for Hem-Fir beams and stringers;
• modification of Table 6.8 to include 38 mm × 64 mm (2 in × 3 in) dimension under the Tension Specified Strengths;
• modification of Table 9.3 to add W24 rated oriented strand board (OSB);
• revisions to clarify shear resistance of members with notches;
• revisions to the KZc factor for sawn lumber;
• revisions to the application of system factor, KH;
• corrections to the limit of the length of the notch on the compression side;
• updates to cross-laminated timber (CLT) terminology and symbols;
• deletion of shear form factor for CLT;
• revisions to maximum nail diameter for shearwalls, and new references for nails;
• revisions to diaphragm configuration diagrams;
• revisions to Nu for shearwall and diaphragm;
• revisions to wood member thickness for nail and wood screw joints;
• revisions to Clause 11.9 for the design of CLT shearwalls and diaphragms for platform-type construction;
• revisions to requirements and added references to dowels in various clauses;
• addition of Table A.22 for ASTM nails; and
• editorial revisions to Annex B, on fire resistance of large cross-section wood elements for clarity.
This Standard has been developed in compliance with Standards Council of Canada requirements for National Standards of Canada. It has been published as a National Standard of Canada by CSA Group.
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This is the sixth edition of CSA O177, Qualification code for manufacturers of structural glued-laminated timber. It supersedes the previous editions published in 2006, 1989, 1981, 1977, and 1965.
This Standard specifies the qualification procedures to be performed by manufacturers in order to produce glued-laminated timber (Glulam) in accordance with CSA O122.
The following are the major changes to this edition:
a) Qualification procedures for block-glued and re-glued Glulam have been added to Annex B.
b) The process and requirements for qualifying adhesives have been revised.
c) Clause A.3 has been significantly modified, with the requirement of a full-scale column test eliminated and the test protocols modified to harmonize more closely with U.S. requirements.
d) A non-mandatory commentary (see Annex H) has been added to the Standard to provide historical background and rationale for the changes made within the Standard. Additionally, the commentary provides background and technical support for those using the revised Annex A.3.
This Standard was prepared by the Subcommittee on Glued-Laminated Timber under the jurisdiction of the Technical Committee on Solid and Engineered Wood Products, and has been formally approved by the Technical Committee.
We would like to thank all those who participated and supported the development of this Standard. We are fortunate to have the support of many technical organizations, universities, businesses, and individuals who have donated their time to the development of this Standard.
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This is the first edition of CSA S7, Pedestrian, cycling, and multiuse bridge design guideline.
This Guideline is based on limit states design principles and defines design loads, load combinations and load factors, criteria for earthquake resistant design, detailed design criteria for various materials and geometry, sustainability and durability, as well as guidelines for aesthetic considerations in Annex B.
This Guideline has been written in normative (mandatory) language to facilitate adoption where users of the Guideline, owners, or regulatory authorities may wish to adopt it formally.
CSA Group acknowledges that the development of this Guideline was made possible by the financial support from AluQuébec, British Columbia Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure, Canadian Institute of Steel Construction, Canadian Wood Council, City of Edmonton, City of Mississauga, City of Toronto, Ontario Ministry of Transportation, and Ministère des Transports et de la mobilité durable (of Québec). CSA Group also acknowledges the role of the Transportation Association of Canada’s Structures Committee in the conception of this Guideline.
This Guideline was prepared by the Subcommittee on Pedestrian, Cycling, and Multiuse Bridge Design, under the jurisdiction of the Technical Committee on the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code and the Steering Committee on Construction and Civil Infrastructure, and has been formally approved by the Technical Committee.
This Guideline has been developed in compliance with Standards Council of Canada requirements for National Standards of Canada. It has been published as a National Standard of Canada by CSA Group.
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This is the fifth edition of CSA S157, Strength design in aluminum. It supersedes the previous editions published in 2005, 1983, 1969, and 1962.
This Standard is for building applications but it is written in a form that may be used for all types of aluminum load-bearing components or assemblies. Expressions for the strength of structural components are based on the concept of limit states design.
Requirements to satisfy the ultimate limit state form the core of the Standard. As a document referenced by the National Building Code of Canada, the load factors and resistance factors specified by that Code are given. However, because the design expressions predict the nominal resistance of components and connections, this Standard is useful in any field of engineering in which known applied loads are to be supported.
Serviceability limit states depend on the desired behaviour under service loads for each particular application and are not specified in this Standard. For components used in buildings, reference is made to Commentary A of the National Building Code of Canada.
CSA S157.1, Commentary on CSA S157-17, Strength design in aluminum (hereinafter referred to as the Commentary), is provided which, while not a mandatory part of the Standard, is essential to the implementation of this Standard’s requirements. In this Standard, cross-references to the Commentary are identified by the prefix C before the clause, table, or figure number.
This edition of CSA S157 contains significant changes from the previous edition and follows, wherever possible, the same order of presentation as CSA S16, in order to facilitate the use of these two Standards:
a) A more comprehensive list of symbols is provided in Clause 3.
b) Clause 4 contains a new set of requirements on structural documents.
c) A significantly longer list of wrought aluminum products conforming to the ASTM specifications is presented in Table 1. Time-temperature limits are provided for T5 and T6 tempers and nominal strengths of aluminum filler metals are given in a new table.
d) In Clause 8, elastic analyses of structures now include second order effects and the effects of geometric imperfections. This has significant implications on the design of members subject to flexure and axial forces (Clause 14).
e) The design of built-up compression members is moved to a mandatory Annex.
f) Clause 11 presents generalized design equations for members subject to lateral-torsional buckling.
g) The extent of the heat-affected-zone (HAZ) in welded connections is redefined in Clause 15. It is now similar to the provisions of Eurocode 9 and Section 17 of CSA S6.
h) A new set of recommendations for the design of screws is included in Clause 16.7.
i) Clauses 18, 20, 21, and 22 on fabrication, erection, inspection and testing, respectively, are new clauses. They are adapted from CSA S16.
j) The specifications on the fatigue of aluminum presented in Clause 23 have been revised by incorporating the detail category and S-N curve definitions from Section 17 of CSA S6. The detail category definitions are similar to the steel definitions in Section 10 of CSA S6. The S-N curve definitions are consistent with the Aluminum Design Manual.
k) Clause 24 presents a new set of provisions for the design of composite beams (concrete slab on aluminum girders). This is an adaptation of the provisions of CSA S16 to aluminum.
CSA Group acknowledges that the development of this Standard was made possible, in part, by the financial support of the Aluminum Association of Canada, Alubec, and the Centre québécois de recherche et de développement de l’aluminium.
This Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee on Strength Design in Aluminum, under the jurisdiction of the Strategic Steering Committee on Construction and Civil Infrastructure, and has been formally approved by the Technical Committee.
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This is the second edition of CSA S478, Durability in buildings. It supersedes the first edition, published in 1995 under the title Guideline on Durability in Buildings. The first edition of CSA S478 was issued as a guidance document. This second edition has been developed as a Standard so that it can be referenced in the National Building Code of Canada (NBC).
This Standard sets forth minimum requirements to assist designers in creating durable buildings. Annexes to the Standard provide a framework within which the design service life of a building or a building element can be determined and specified. Other annexes to the Standard provide general guidance on the environmental and other design factors that have an impact on the durability of a building, a building material, and/or a building component.
The Standard carries forward from its first edition as a guideline an emphasis on the need to consider both initial and long-term costs, maintenance, and replaceability in the selection of materials and components.
This Standard is intended to evolve as more information on environmental loads and the impact on building durability becomes available.
This Standard was prepared by the CSA Technical Committee on Designing for Durability, under the jurisdiction of the Construction and Civil Infrastructure Strategic Steering Committee, and was formally approved by the Technical Committee. This Standard has been developed in compliance with Standards Council of Canada requirements for National Standards of Canada. It has been published as a National Standard of Canada by CSA Group.
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This is the third edition of CSA W47.2, Certification of companies for fusion welding of aluminum. It supersedes the previous editions, published in 1987 under the same title, and published in 1967 under the title Aluminum Welding Qualification Code.
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This is the seventh edition of CSA W47.1, Certification of companies for fusion welding of steel. It supersedes the previous editions published in 2009, 2003, 1992, 1983, 1973, 1947 (as W47), and 1938 (as a preliminary Standard). Technological advancements have made it necessary to provide an updated version.
This Standard deals with the certification of companies for fusion welding of steel. It is not a product Standard and cannot be used to evaluate or approve products. Furthermore, it is not intended to supersede Codes and Standards that govern specific products, e.g., CSA B51, the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, the Rules of the American Bureau of Shipping, or the Standards of the American Petroleum Institute.
This Standard stipulates minimum requirements that a company must meet and adhere to in order to obtain and maintain certification. Certification is granted by the Canadian Welding Bureau, the administrative body for this Standard, to companies that comply with the requirements of this Standard. Certification of a company indicates that, consistent with the requirements of the Division in which the company is certified, it has the organization, personnel, welding procedures, and equipment required to produce satisfactory welds and weldments.
Production of satisfactory welds and weldments is the responsibility of the certified company. It is the responsibility of the purchaser to ensure, through adequate inspection, that the required quality is attained. Although the Canadian Welding Bureau (CWB) makes periodic inspections of certified companies to ensure that they continue to comply with the requirements of this Standard, these inspections do not eliminate the need for a certified company’s quality control methods or a purchaser’s comprehensive inspection program.
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This is the fifth edition of CSA W48, Filler metals and allied materials for metal arc welding. It supersedes the previous editions published in 2018, 2014, 2006, and 2001.
Filler metals standards are intended to provide a generic method of classification and evaluation that allows the end user to select appropriate welding consumables for a given welding process and product or application. The procedures and tests set out in this Standard, when correctly followed, are designed to produce a consistent product with test results that are as reproducible as possible.
The following are the major changes to this edition:
a) the reference to AWS A5.10/A5.10M has been added for the classification of aluminum GTAW and GMAW electrodes;
b) all specifications and classifications related to carbon and low-alloy steel SMAW electrodes have been replaced by references to AWS A5.1/A5.1M and A5.5/A5.5M;
c) all specifications and classifications related to SAW carbon and low-alloy electrodes/fluxes have been replaced by references to AWS A5.17/A5.17M and AWS A5.23/A5.23M;
d) updates to Clauses regarding packaging and marking have been made and two new Clauses added, one for technical data sheets (TDS) and the second for decertified products; and
e) Annexes have been updated and consolidated, providing information on packaging, storage, and conditioning of electrodes (Annex B); general information and an explanation of the classification system (Annex C); descriptions and intended uses of the welding filler metals and allied materials (Annexes D and E); information on diffusible hydrogen (Annex F); and information on certification (Annex G).
The Standard has also been rewritten in such a manner to facilitate ease of use and future revisions with respect to adoption of other regional and international standards. During preparation of this revision, close liaison was maintained between AWS and ISO to create a robust Canadian Standard supporting global efforts towards standard harmonization while satisfying the specific and unique technical requirements of Canadian industry.
This Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee on Welding Filler Metals, under the jurisdiction of the Strategic Steering Committee on Construction and Infrastructure, and has been formally approved by the Technical Committee.
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