Alkali-silica reactivity (ASR) is a potentially deleterious expansive reaction between alkalies in the pore solution of concrete and certain reactive aggregates. When ASR was first identified as a distress mechanism in the 1940s, cements with equivalent alkali contents below 0.60 percent by mass were shown to reduce the risk of this reaction. Subsequent research has shown that limiting the cement alkali content to 0.60 percent is not always sufficient to control deleterious ASR with every aggregate nor in all concrete mixtures. It is now well accepted that the reactivity of the aggregate and the amount of alkalies available in the concrete are more important in predicting deleterious ASR than cement alkali content alone.
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Are contraction joints necessary in residential slabs-on-ground, whether for plain, reinforced, or post-tensioned (PT) concrete; and, if so, are there special considerations to installing joints in residential slabs?
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This guide contains a history of the development of mass concrete practice and discussion of materials and concrete mixture proportioning, properties, construction methods, and equipment. It covers traditionally placed and consolidated mass concrete for massive structures such as dams and provides information applicable to mass structural heavily reinforced concrete and for thermally controlled concrete such as bridge elements and building foundations. This guide does not cover roller-compacted concrete.
Keywords:
cement; cracking; fly ash; heat of hydration; mass concrete; mixture proportioning; supplementary cementitious materials; temperature rise; thermal control plan; thermal expansion; volume change.
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Concrete pavements and exterior flatwork generally provide excellent performance in all climates and exposures. Concrete durability is an essential component in delivering the return on investment that makes concrete an economical and sustainable material. In recent years, the industry has seen an increase in premature deterioration at joints and saw cuts in concrete pavements and flatwork in areas where winter storm events demand the application of deicing chemicals, which are most commonly chloride-based.
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This guide describes specific types of concrete deterioration. Each chapter contains a discussion of the mechanisms involved and the recommended requirements for individual components of concrete, quality considerations for concrete mixtures, construction procedures, and influences of the exposure environment, which are all important considerations to ensure concrete durability.
This guide was developed for conventional concrete but is generally applicable to specialty concretes; however, specialty concretes, such as roller-compacted or pervious concrete, may have unique durability-related issues that deserve further attention that are not addressed herein.
Keywords:
abrasion resistance; alkali-aggregate reaction; chemical attack; curing; deterioration; durability; freezing and thawing; physical salt attack; sulfate attack.
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Posted by: poolmand - 10-21-2023, 11:59 AM - Forum: ACI
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ACI-TMS CODE-122.1-21: Thermal Bridge Mitigation for Buildings Having Concrete and Masonry Walls and Masonry Veneer—Code Requirements and Commentary(SI and IN-LB units)
This code prescribes minimum design and construction requirements for mitigating thermal bridges in the building envelopes of new buildings and additions to existing buildings. It applies to buildings having concrete or masonry walls; masonry veneer, including veneer attached to frame walls; and balconies or components that extend through the building envelope. It also has criteria for metal thermal bridges in these buildings.
This code is applicable to commercial and mid- to high-rise residential buildings that use either electricity or fossil fuel (regardless of the generation source). It can be used with applicable energy codes and standards.
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thermal bridge.
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Posted by: poolmand - 10-18-2023, 08:36 AM - Forum: CsiPlant
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CSiPlant v8.1.0 Build 1298 x64
Size: 487 MB
CSiPlant will automatically generate and apply seismic and wind loads based on various domestic and international codes.
Computers and Structures, Inc. (CSI) is pleased to announce the availability of CSiPlant 6.2.0 build 785. The next-generation pipe stress and plant design software which connects Piping Engineers and Structural Engineers, innovating how teams collaborate on a single model.
CSiPlant is an integrated engineering software product for analysis and design of piping systems and frame structures, including piping code compliance checks with stress-intensification and flexibility factors that are automatically calculated and applied.
Enhancements have been implemented in this exciting new product for the design of piping and structural systems. CSiPlant offers advanced analysis technology to the process, power, pipeline and offshore industries, and provides piping-code compliance checks with stress-intensification and flexibility factors that are automatically calculated and applied
CSiPlant uses elements, pipe support types, and modeling approaches familiar to piping and structural engineers in the process and power industries.
Drawing Capabilities
Piping and structural frame models can be rapidly created and modified using CAD-like drafting tools which snap to objects, grid intersections and global axes. In addition, CSiPlant offers automatic alphanumeric labeling of node points and elements, intuitive Insert and Assign commands, and keyboard shortcuts, enabling engineers to utilize a variety of modeling options to quickly build, modify, and review their analysis models.
Pipe Supports
Pipe supports include Anchors, Guides, Line Stops, Vertical Stops, Rod Hangers, Snubbers, and Spring Hangers.
Link Elements
CSiPlant offers multiple “link” element types to connect different points such that specialized structural behavior may be modeled. Linear and nonlinear properties can be assigned to each of the six degrees-of-freedom to define force-deformation relationships.
Nonlinear Load Sequencing
CSiPlant offers unlimited nonlinear load sequencing, also known as path-dependent loading, which considers the order of the loading. Since friction acts in different directions during startup vs. shutdown and other load states, sequenced loading, including sequenced thermal loading and unloading, is often needed to determine worst case reactions and stresses.
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In this post, you can download all AWS regulations and publications in one package. All books are OCR scanned and searchable. This exceptional package, comprising over 159 books, is unparalleled and not found anywhere else. To purchase this collection, you would normally spend over $4000. But here, you can obtain it for a remarkably small sum. Don't miss this limited-time special opportunity.
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Article/eBook Full Name:
ASTM D4186/D4186M-20e1 : Standard Test Method for One-Dimensional Consolidation Properties of Saturated Cohesive Soils Using Controlled-Strain Loading
Publish Date:
2021
Published By:
ASTM International
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