Every building and every one of its parts should have the strength, rigidity and stability necessary to perform satisfactorily and safely to limit states that may arise during its lifetime. Consequently, the architectural project will enable efficient structure to resist any measures that may affect the building, with particular attention to seismic activity. In addition, special care will be taken in the light bracing buildings.
These standards establish the criteria and minimum requirements for the actions to be considered in the design, manufacture, assembly and construction of buildings that run in the country. These rules will apply to new buildings and to the modification, extension, reinforcement, repair and demolition of existing buildings both. Temporary or interim work must also comply with these provisions.
As appropriate, these Rules shall apply in the draft other structures such as bridges, silos, grain elevators, tanks, reservoirs, etc., provided they do not conflict with specific technical standards and criteria for action on such constructions . In buildings that use non-traditional building systems in addition to the actions set forth herein, shall be taken into account that particular system were used.
The actions defined here are the service or use, apply both classical theory and the theory of limit states.
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COVENIN codes establishing minimum requirements for the determination of wind actions on buildings that are planned or implemented in the country (Venezuela). Require appropriate criteria for quantifying the main effects that cause the wind on the types of construction that are specified therein. They apply to the calculation of wind actions on structural systems, individual structural components and materials that constitute the walls of buildings.
Concepts and Limitations: The standards are minimum requirements for the effects of wind on new buildings and related structures and components. Wind effects defined in the standard are considered service loads.
Performance Objectives: Not considered explicitly.
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Paints and varnishes. Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems.
Part 1 : General Introduction
Part 2 : Classification of Environments
Part 3 : Design Considerations
Part 4 : Types of Surface and Surface Preparation
Part 5 : Protective Paint Systems
Part 6 : Laboratory Performance Test Methods
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WinRAR is a powerful archive manager. RAR files can usually compress content by 8 percent to 15 percent more than ZIP files can. WinRAR is a powerful compression tool with many integrated additional functions to help you organize your compressed archives. It can backup your data and reduce size of email attachments, decompress RAR, ZIP and other files downloaded from Internet and create new archives in RAR and ZIP file format.
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Urban change is often difficult because we are dealing with people’s elusive notions of place and perception, time and change. Urban design and planning in a changing urban context so that it remains relevant for people is elusive because the idea of place is embedded in memory and identity – but whose memory and whose identity? This book seeks to understand the urban change dynamic so that the planning of urban places aligns with the dynamic of people’s perception of place.
Planning Urban Places examines the premise that building cities is a concrete business surrounded by a shifting context. It discusses the notion of urban design and placemaking from the perspective of place perception and cognitive psychology, place philosophy and human geography. It also considers network theory to help illustrate the self-organising paradigm of small word network theory for planning urban places.
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AutoCAD is a world leader in solutions for 2D- and 3D-design. As more graphic, 3D modeling to accelerate the design work and documentation, share models and develop new ideas. For AutoCAD available thousands of add-ons that can satisfy the needs of a wide range of clients. It's time to design a new way - while AutoCAD.
AutoCAD allows you to solve the most complex design problems. Means of creating arbitrary shapes modeled by a variety of body and surface; design verification time is greatly reduced; parametric drawings help to keep on hand all the necessary information. Project ideas can be visualized in PDF, as well as in the mock exercise, obtained by 3D printing. Still no idea when not turned into reality so quickly.
Key Features :
Enhanced interface
The new interface has a fresh look and helps to improve the design process. Darker background not only aesthetic, it also reduces eyestrain by making noticeable fine lines, buttons, and text.
Galleries tape
Perform visual access to the drawings directly from tape, saving time. Gallery Ribbon provides an intuitive, visual and easy working protsess.Predpolozhim that the project you want to add a block. Using the Tape Gallery, move the cursor to insert the tape unit. The Gallery of blocks will be displayed miniatures of all units. You can insert the desired block without using the dialog box directly from the Gallery of the tape.
Page "New Tab"
Discover new and existing drawings faster and get access to a set of elements of the project. Use the tab "New" you can begin to work on the project immediately. Use the tab page "New" to open a template, an update of the canal project or project data stored in the cloud-based Autodesk 360.
Instruction look-ahead
Browse the results of frequently used commands before applying them. Preview command allows you to reduce the number of cancellations of commands, allowing to assess in advance the changes that will be caused by using commands such as "Offset", "Pairing" and "Crop".
Help Window
Location tool is now displayed in the help window in the surrounding interface. Find the right tools faster with the topic. Animated arrows automatically zooms to the desired item on the belt, which allows to save time and increase productivity.
Professional document production
Create accurate information about the project by means of the issuance of documentation AutoCAD. Models can be imported from a variety of other formats, automatically creating intelligent documentation.
Intelligent command line
The command-line interface auto-added opportunities, adaptive hints and tips synonyms. The function supports auto-search the inside of the line. Auto-correction function automatically checks the commands and offers options from a list of synonyms. You will no longer see a message that the command is not found.
Sections and ascenders
Access to tools to create sections and detail views. The sections are the following types: full, half, step and alignment.
Associative arrays
Between the elements of the array, such as the windows of a building or trusses of the bridge can be established and maintained relationships. After selection for the array of objects can be viewed in real-time array while changing its properties.
Requires OS X 10.9 +
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Comprehensive 3D animation software. Maya 3D animation, modeling, simulation, and rendering software offers artists a comprehensive creative toolset. These tools provide a starting point to realize your vision in modeling, animation, lighting, and VFX.
Parallel rig evaluation
All-new system speeds playback and character-rig manipulation.
New sculpting toolset
Model artists can enjoy more artistic and intuitive freedom.
Adaptive foam in Bifrost
Add froth, foam, and bubbles to liquid simulations for realism and detail.
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Comprehensive 3D animation software. Maya 3D animation, modeling, simulation, and rendering software offers artists a comprehensive creative toolset. These tools provide a starting point to realize your vision in modeling, animation, lighting, and VFX.
Parallel rig evaluation
All-new system speeds playback and character-rig manipulation.
New sculpting toolset
Model artists can enjoy more artistic and intuitive freedom.
Adaptive foam in Bifrost
Add froth, foam, and bubbles to liquid simulations for realism and detail.
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MStower is a Windows program for the analysis and checking of latticed towers and masts. It is used by designers and authorities for the checking of transmission line structures and communications towers and masts.
The program has options for the generation of geometry and loading, analysis, application of gust factors to member forces, and checking of members. There are comprehensive facilities for plotting of the structure, loading, and results. The structure geometry is specified by data describing panels, dimensions, sections, and ancillary equipment. Section properties and ancillary data are taken from standard library files. Wind and ice loads on members, antennas, and ancillaries are computed automatically.
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