Author(s)/Editor(s): EE&K a Perkins Eastman Company | Size: 4,73 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint |
Publisher: EE&K a Perkins Eastman Company | Year: 2013 | pages: 45
Qingdao Harborfront, occupying 26 hectares of former maritime/industrial uses in the downtown and fronting on Jiaozhou Bay, is the anchor redevelopment for the city’s waterfront revitalization initiative.
With growing prosperity and the relocation of commercial port activities to new facilities across Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao can now re-imagine its old docklands and shipyards to become new, residentially and commercially-led, mixed-use communities that reunite the downtown and its citizens with the waterfront.
Qingdao Harborfront will feature state-of-theart infrastructure to sustainably support private development and augment real estate value. Additionally, the project will include a multi-modal transit hub -a significant contribution to the citywide transportation network. This facility will be surmounted by a new public park overlooking the water.
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Wood is the most significant building material we use today that is grown by the sun. When harvested responsibly, wood is arguably one of the best tools architects and engineers have for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and storing carbon in our buildings. The Case for Tall Wood Buildings expands the discussion of where we will see wood and specifically Mass Timber in the future of the world’s skylines. As we pursue the solar and green energy solutions that Thomas Edison spoke of over 80 years ago, we must consider that we are surrounded by a building material that is manufactured by nature, a material that is renewable, durable and strong.
This report introduces a major opportunity for systemic change in the building industry. For the last century there has been no reason to challenge steel and concrete as the essential structural materials of large buildings. Climate change now demands that we do. The work of thousands of scientists with the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has defined one of the most significant challenges of our time. How we address climate change in buildings is a cornerstone in how the world will tackle the need to reduce emissions of green house gases and indeed find ways to store those same gases that are significantly impacting the health of our planet. Just as the automobile industry, energy sector and most other industries will see innovations that challenge the conventions of the way we will live in this century, the building industry must seek innovation in the fundamental materials that we choose to build with. In a rapidly urbanizing world with an enormous demand to house and shelter billions of people in the upcoming decades we must find solutions for our urban environments that have a lighter climate impact than today’s incumbent major structural materials. This report is a major step in that direction. Indeed it introduces the first significant challenge to steel and concrete in tall buildings since their adoption more than a century ago.
This report introduces a new way of constructing tall buildings. The Mass Timber panel approach we have developed is called FFTT. FFTT stands for Finding the Forest Through the Trees; a non technical acronym with an important story. The acronym speaks to the idea that much of the sustainable building conversation is focusing on minutia. While even the minutia contributes and is important, the big systemic change ideas are what we believe will be necessary for the built environment to tackle the scale of the climate change and housing demand challenges facing the world. FFTT is a contribution to hopefully many significant shifts in the way we approach buildings in the next decades. The goal is simply to focus on the forest but never forget the trees.
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Highlights the Progression of Meshing Technologies and Their Applications
Finite Element Mesh Generation provides a concise and comprehensive guide to the application of finite element mesh generation over 2D domains, curved surfaces, and 3D space. Organised according to the geometry and dimension of the problem domains, it develops from the basic meshing algorithms to the most advanced schemes to deal with problems with specific requirements such as boundary conformity, adaptive and anisotropic elements, shape qualities, and mesh optimization.
It sets out the fundamentals of popular techniques, including:
Delaunay triangulation
Advancing-front (ADF) approach
Quadtree/Octree techniques
Refinement and optimization-based strategies
From the geometrical and the topological aspects and their associated operations and inter-relationships, each approach is vividly described and illustrated with examples. Beyond the algorithms, the book also explores the practice of using metric tensor and surface curvatures for generating anisotropic meshes on parametric space. It presents results from research including 3D anisotropic meshing, mesh generation over unbounded domains, meshing by means of intersection, re-meshing by Delaunay-ADF approach, mesh refinement and optimization, generation of hexahedral meshes, and large scale and parallel meshing, along with innovative unpublished meshing methods. The author provides illustrations of major meshing algorithms, pseudo codes, and programming codes in C++ or FORTRAN.
Geared toward research centers, universities, and engineering companies, Finite Element Mesh Generation describes mesh generation methods and fundamental techniques, and also serves as a valuable reference for laymen and experts alike.
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One of the most exciting new trends in water quality management today is the movement by many cities, counties, states, and private-sector developers toward the increased use of Low Impact Development (LID) to help protect and restore water quality. LID comprises a set of approaches and practices that are designed to reduce runoff of water and pollutants from the site at which they are generated. By means of infiltration, evapotranspiration, and reuse of rainwater, LID techniques manage water and water pollutants at the source and thereby prevent or reduce the impact of development on rivers, streams, lakes, coastal waters, and ground water. This book summarizes 17 case studies of developments that include Low Impact Development (LID) practices and concludes that applying LID techniques can reduce project costs and improve environmental performance. This book also compares green energy programs and policies in China and the United States
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This book aims to serve as an essential reference to facilitate civil engineers involved in the design of new conventional (ordinary) reinforced concrete (R/C) buildings regulated by the current European EC8 (EN 1998-1:2004) and EC2 (EN 1992-1-1:2004) codes of practice. The book provides unique step-by-step flowcharts which take the reader through all the required operations, calculations, and verification checks prescribed by the EC8 provisions. These flowcharts are complemented by comprehensive discussions and practical explanatory comments on critical aspects of the EC8 code-regulated procedure for the earthquake resistant design of R/C buildings. Further, detailed analysis and design examples of typical multi-storey three-dimensional R/C buildings are included to illustrate the required steps for achieving designs of real-life structures which comply with the current EC8 provisions. These examples can be readily used as verification tutorials to check the reliability of custom-made computer programs and of commercial Finite Element software developed/used for the design of earthquake resistant R/C buildings complying with the EC8 (EN 1998-1:2004) code.
This book will be of interest to practitioners working in consulting and designing engineering companies and to advanced undergraduate and postgraduate level civil engineering students attending cours es and curricula in the earthquake resistant design of structures and/or undertaking pertinent design projects.
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This manual has been prepared to provide Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) bridge design engineers with a guide to the design criteria, analysis methods, and detailing procedures for the preparation of highway bridge and structure construction plans, specifications, and estimates.
It is not intended to be a textbook on structural engineering. It is a guide to acceptable WSDOT practice. This manual does not cover all conceivable problems that may arise, but is intended to be sufficiently comprehensive to, along with sound engineering judgment, provide a safe guide for bridge engineering.
It include the following parts :
-General Information
-Preliminary Design
-Loads
-Seismic Design and Retrofit
-Concrete Structures
-Structural Steel
-Substructure Design
-Walls and Buried Structures
-Bearings and Expansion Joints
-Signs, Barriers, Approach Slabs, and Utilities
-Detailing Practice
-Quantities, Costs, and Specifications
-Bridge Load Rating
with all references
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This regulation provides the minimum requirements for the design and construction of structural concrete elements of any structure built according to the requirements of general building codes legally adopted, which this regulation forms part. In places where you do not have an legally adopted building regulations, these regulations define the minimum acceptable provisions in the practice of design and construction.
The 2005 regulation revises the earlier version of "Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-02)." This regulation includes in a single document the rules for all concrete used for structural purposes, including plain concrete and reinforced concrete both. The term "structural concrete" is used to refer to everything simple or reinforced concrete used for structural purposes. This covers the spectrum of uses of concrete structural concrete from the simplest to the reinforced concrete not prestressing with prestressing steel or composite sections with steel or pipes.
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Based on the publication "Specification for Structural Steel Buildings" (American National Standard ANSI / AISC 360-10) published by the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC).
This specification establishes criteria for the design, fabrication and installation of structural steel buildings and other structures where other structures are defined as those structures designed, manufactured and assembled in a similar way to the building, thus indicating that its resistant elements vertical and lateral loads are similar to those resistant building systems.
If this specification refers to the applicable building code, and the code does not exist, loads, load combinations, system limitations, and general design requirements are set out in ASCE / SEI 7.
When these conditions are not covered by this specification, allowing the design is made based on tests or analyzes, provided they are approved by the competent authority.
The use of alternative methods of analysis and design, to the extent that such methods are accepted by the competent authority are allowed.
Seismic Applications: The code Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings (ANSI-AISC 341) should be applied in the design of earthquake resistant systems structural steel or structural steel acting in combination with concrete, unless specifically exempted by the applicable building code. The provisions of Annex 1 of this specification should not be applied to the seismic design of buildings or other structures.
Nuclear Applications: In addition to the provisions of this specification, the design, manufacture and assembly of nuclear structures must meet the requirements of Safety-related Specification for Steel Structures for Nuclear Facilities (AISC ANSI-N690).
The design is made in accordance with the provisions of the design method based on factors Load and Resistance (LRFD) or any method based Design Allowable Resistance (ASD).
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