An examination of the requirements for the design of built-up compression members in the North American and European standards and specifications reveals a great variation in the allowable maximum slenderness ratio for an individual main member, and also in the determination of an equivalent slenderness ratio. The requirements of the Canadian standard with regard to the determination of the maximum allowable slenderness ratio of a main member between points of connection can be a bit confusing.
This research involved a study of model built-up members that buckled about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the connectors. Twenty-four tests were conducted on model built-up members. The theoretical analysis consisted of a finite element analysis of the model built-up struts. In addition, an equivalent slenderness ratio was calculated by several methods. These equivalent slenderness ratios were then used in conjunction with the requirements of the Canadian standard to calculate a compressive resistance, which was compared with the experimental failure load.
From this research on built-up members that buckle about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the connectors it was found that at least two connectors should be used, that the slenderness ratio of the main member between points of connection has a significant effect on the compressive resistance, and that Timoshenko's equivalent slenderness ratio when used in conjunction with the Canadian standard gives results that are in the best agreement with the experimental results.
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Eye4Software Hydromagic is a hydrographic survey software tool, which can be used to map areas using a GPS and echosounder. Use the software to import, view and edit your maps, display your position and to record depths (create soundings). The software will work with almost any GPS and echosounder, and can be used on any desktop, laptop or netbook computer running Windows XP(SP2) or higher.
Some application examples:
•Record depth data using a GPS and echosounder;
•Show your current position and depth on a loaded map;
•Convert your soundings to a regularly spaced XYZ data (DTM);
•Convert your soundings to different file formats;
•Show cross-sections and calculate volumes;
•Design and generate theoretical DTM's (channel design);
•Create depth contours and save them as ESRI shapefiles;
•Add comments, symbols or routes to your maps;
•Perform realtime positioning on research and hydrographic survey vessels;
•Fishing industry, for instance to navigate inside the assigned fishing parcels;
•View GIS features on shapefiles, CAD and S57 (ENC) data;
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TRANSDAT Geosoftware executes coordinate transformations and geodetic datum shifts between many coordinate and reference systems of America, Australasia, Europe, Germany special and world-wide, at high precision and high speed.
Navigation maps are printed with a coordinate grid that is a two-dimensional projection of the three-dimensional Earth surface, based on a given Coordinate System. Historically the countries over the world use many different coordinate systems. Earth is shaped not like a sphere; it is a geoid that has no exact mathematical definition and whose form can be at best approximated by an ellipsoid. To make an exact projection of a region into a coordinate system, the region is first projected onto a so-called reference ellipsoid that would fit the region best. The reference ellipsoid is mathematically defined and can be used for a coordinate system projection. Historically countries all over the world developed and used different and often more than one local and global Reference Systems.
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DreamCalc is the leading Scientific Graphing Calculator for Windows that's so realistic it dispenses with the need for a physical hand-held altogether!
Graph functions & plot data in seconds.
Fully featured range of math, scientific, statistical & financial functions. Supports natural fractions, complex numbers, base-n logic, unit conversions and a powerful polynomial solver.
Over 260 functions!
Select from algebraic input or RPN. DreamCalc adapts to your way of working!
With the optional ability to run in your Windows system tray--DreamCalc will always be there whenever you find yourself reaching for a calculator.
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Geometry Expressions is a revolutionary modeling tool which generates mathematics directly from your drawing.
For Engineering
- Create conceptual designs and generate explicit mathematics
- Copy the mathematics to Maple or Mathematica for further analysis or optimization
- Visualize by pasting results back into Geometry Expressions
- Document your analysis by exporting drawing and mathematics into your office suite
For Education
- Mathematical problems emerge naturally from real world situations
- Geometry is fully integrated into the rest of mathematics
- Students can be exposed to problem formulation and idealization
- Choose appropriate solution technique: numeric, automated symbolic, or by-hand
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Book Description:
The important influence of instability effects on the design of structural steelwork is becoming generally accepted. This book has been written with the specific aim of presenting the transition from fundamental theories to practical design. The buckling of steel columns, beams and frames is treated in a manner suitable for both the student seeking an introduction to the subject and the more experienced designer requiring explanation of the background to modern design methods. Methods applicable to design office practice are given for calculating elastic critical loads for columns, beams and complete structures, and the non-linear effects of instability and their relevance to design are discussed
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This thesis deals with deterioration mechanisms affecting steel fibre reinforced sprayed concrete used for rock support in tunnels. Physical and chemical degradation of sprayed concrete linings may contribute to destabilisation of the rock mass, involving increased maintenance costs, reduced service life, and a potential safety risk. The principal aims of this work were to a) provide an updated and modern diagnosis of chemical degradation phenomena occurring in steel fibre reinforced concrete used for rock support, b) investigate the reaction mechanisms involved including the possible interaction of different reaction schemes, c) characterise the environmental loads, mainly with respect to water chemistry, microbial activity and hydrogeology, and d) attempt to establish links between scientific findings and practical engineering issues, such as durability and life time aspects, maintenance/repair and consequences for rules and recommendations.
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DESIGN OF BRIDGES, 3/e (Paperback)
The third edition of this highly successful text has been thoroughly revised and updated to meet the requirements of senior undergraduate and post graduate students of Civil, Structural and Transportation engineering streams and practicing structural engineers. The book provides a lucid exposition of the theory and design of various types of bridges such as masonry arched, reinforced concrete slab, tee beam, ridge frame balanced cantilever, continous beam decks of variable cross section, perstressed concrete slab and beam decks, steel plate girder and trusted type decks, cable stayed bridges, piers and abutments, bridge bearings, curved bridge decks and the dynamic response of bridge decks. Detailed design examples of the various types of bridge decks are presented. The designs conform to the latest Indian Roads Congress specifications, IRC: 6,18,21,22,24,78 and 83. With its up-to-date coverage, useful design examples and parctical approch, the book should prove to be a useful text and a valuable referance for sturctural engineers.
Book Details
Author: Krishna Raju N
Publisher OXFORD & IBH PUBLISHING CO. PVT LTD
Publication Year 2006-01-01
ISBN-13 9788120412576
ISBN-10 8120412575
Language English
Binding Paperback
Number of Pages 450 Pages
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