The progress of non-linear FE-methods allows it nowadays to simulate the load-bearing behaviour
of steel shells taking geometric and material nonlinearities and imperfections into account. In this
paper it is investigated for the basic buckling case of uniform external pressure, which equivalent
geometric imperfections have to be applied in the numerical analysis (GMNIA) to achieve the
experimentally determined buckling resistances. Single longitudinal imperfections are better suited
than eigenform-affine initial deformations. Proposals for the imperfection amplitude and
imperfection width are submitted. The results are compared with the regulations of the Eurocode.
Essential modifications are discussed.
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A reduced stiffness approach for the buckling of open cylindrical tanks under wind loads
Author: Rossana C. Jacaa, Luis A. Godoyb, Fernando G. Floresb, James G.A. Croll | Size: 660 KB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: Elsevier | Year: 2007 | pages: 10
This paper reports on the implementation of a lower bound approach to the buckling analysis of cylindrical shells for tanks subjected
to wind loads. The formulation is based on a reduced energy model of the shell adapted to a special purpose, semi-analytical, finite
element program in which it is possible to separately compute the membrane and bending energy contributions. First, the energy
components are investigated, in order to identify stabilizing and destabilizing contributions. Second, an eigenvalue analysis is carried out
using a reduced value of the stiffness, in which membrane components are eliminated on the basis that they are assumed to be eroded as a
result of mode coupling catalyzed by imperfections. The methodology is employed for thin-walled, above ground, tanks under wind
pressures. It is shown that the resulting critical loads constitute lower bounds to those obtained using a nonlinear analysis of the shell,
including imperfections, and also to those obtained from experiments.
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The wind-induced buckling of thin-walled steel cylinders, such as silos and
tanks, was investigated by wind-tunnel testing for a limited range of the
parameters. While wind-buckling of short, stocky shells can be well represented
by an equivalent uniform external pressure, long shells show quite a
different behaviour, which is strongly influenced by the axial compression
forces. This paper presents a study of this behaviour, based on numerical
analyses and considering various types of imperfection shape. The effect of
geometrical nonlinearity, as well as material plasticity, has also been
included. A comparison with test results shows good agreement with the
numerical results of imperfect shells, provided that special eigenmodeshaped
modes of imperfections are excluded.
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Quickly and easily create civil infrastructure design models with Autodesk® InfraWorks software (formerly Autodesk® Infrastructure Modeler). Accelerate the design process, and enhance understanding of project constraints for better decisions. Generate data-rich proposals to better predict how design alternatives may perform in the existing environment and more effectively communicate with stakeholders.
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Model-based GIS and mapping software Autodesk AutoCAD Map 3D software provides access to GIS and mapping data to support planning, design, and data management. Intelligent models and CAD tools help you to apply regional and discipline-specific standards. Integration of GIS data with your organization helps to improve quality, productivity, and asset management.
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Specimen Calculation of 3 bay Car shed of HDPE mesh
Size: 1.5 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified
Calculation report of a HDPE mesh car park structure 3 bay example in SAP
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For over 80 years the production of high tensile shackles has been the core business and competence. Dirk van Beest founded the Van Beest company in 1922, initially as a supplier of iron works to the dredging industry, which was strongly developed in the Sliedrecht area. From the very beginning, the company has been forging shackles. Its ironwork expertise gave the Van Beest shackle an edge over
the competition and this was the start of a network of professional users that now stretches across the globe. The designs and quality standards of our shackles are the result of requirements put forward over the years by our customers in markets throughout the world. Our shackles are marked Green Pin®, and we are the sole proprietors of the trade name Green Pin®.
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Cables handbook, tips for selecting wire ropes, strengths and weights, stretch of cables, reserve strengths, stresses due to acceleration, effects of bending, maximum load on a wire rope, inclined planes & slopes, fittings, slings, sockets, splicing, gauging.
This book provides among other information, useful formula and design examples for horizontal or inclined cables under distributed and point loads.
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