Cables handbook, tips for selecting wire ropes, strengths and weights, stretch of cables, reserve strengths, stresses due to acceleration, effects of bending, maximum load on a wire rope, inclined planes & slopes, fittings, slings, sockets, splicing, gauging.
This book provides among other information, useful formula and design examples for horizontal or inclined cables under distributed and point loads.
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In this paper, a new energy-based pushover procedure is presented in order
to achieve an approximate estimation of structural performance under strong
earthquakes. The steps of the proposed methodology are quite similar to those
of the well-known displacement modification method. However, the determination
of the characteristics of the equivalent single-degree-of-freedom (E-SDOF)
system is based on a different rational concept. Its main idea is to determine the
E-SDOF system by equating the external work of the lateral loads acting on the
multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) system under consideration to the strain
energy of the E-SDOF system. After a brief outline of the theoretical background,
a representative numerical example is given. Finally, the accuracy of
the proposed method is evaluated by an extensive parametric study which shows
that, in general, it provides better results compared to those produced by other
similar procedures
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Article/eBook Full Name: Static Pushover Analysis Based on an Energy-Equivalent SDOF System
Author(s): Grigorios Manoukas , Asimina Athanatopoulou , Ioannis Avramidis
Edition: Volume 27, Issue 1
Publish Date: February 2011
ISBN: 8755-2930
Published By: Earthquake Spectra
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Posted by: ssobhan - 04-01-2013, 07:33 AM - Forum: Archive
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Article/eBook Full Name: Evaluation of the Seismic Response of Liquid Storage Tanks
Author(s): S. Bagheri
Publish Date: 2005
Published By: Civil-Comp Proceedings
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Posted by: ssobhan - 04-01-2013, 07:32 AM - Forum: Archive
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Article/eBook Full Name: Seismic Response Envelopes of a Tank Supported at the Base
Author(s): R.C. Barros
Publish Date: 2002
Published By: Civil-Comp Proceedings
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Create, modify, and manage piping and instrumentation diagrams with Autodesk® AutoCAD® P&ID piping design software. Built on Autodesk® AutoCAD® software, it is familiar to many designers and engineers. With simple reporting, editing, sharing, and validation of piping and instrumentation design information, projects can start more easily and finish sooner.
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As the main span of modern cable-stayed bridges becomes longer and longer, the bu¤etinginduced
fatigue damage problem of steel girders located in strong wind regions may have to be
taken into consideration in the design of the bridge. This paper presents a method in the mixed
frequencyÐtime domain for estimating the fatigue life of steel girders of the Yangpu cable-stayed
Bridge due to bu¤eting. In the suggested method, the joint probability density function of wind
speed and wind direction at the deck level of the bridge is Þrst established. The power spectra of
the critical stress of the girder are then derived from the power spectra of the generalized
coordinates of the bridge for di¤erent wind speeds and wind directions. The derived stress
spectra are no longer a narrow spectrum when the background component of stress response is
included. Thus, the time histories of the critical stress are simulated from their power spectra
and the stress cycle distributions are estimated in terms of rainßow count method. The formulae
derived based on the modiÞed Miner law and the random vibration theory are Þnally used for
estimating the fatigue life of the bridge girder. The results show that the e¤ects of wind direction
on the fatigue life of the Yangpu Bridge are signiÞcant. The predicted fatigue life due to
bu¤eting is much longer than the design life of the bridge
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Several damage mitigation studies have concluded that wind-induced fatigue may be responsible
for the extensive damage to roof cladding. This paper presents the application of the
recently proposed novel simulation methodology, capable of generating both Gaussian and
non-Gaussian wind pressure ßuctuations, in the fatigue analysis of roof cladding. After establishing
the simulated fatigue characteristics of roof pressures, the total fatigue loading has been
estimated by integrating the long-term wind climate with the simulated fatigue characteristics of
roof pressures. Simulated results are compared with predictions made by Rayleigh, Gaussian
and Weibull models as well as German and British recommendations. The study indicates that
non-normality can signiÞcantly increase the rate of fatigue damage accumulation, and, if
neglected, it can result in non-conservative fatigue life estimates
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Literature on turbulence modeling is rich in empirical, semi-empirical and theoretical spectral equations whose parameters assume deterministic values. Starting from a critical review of the state of the art, a unitary model of the 3-D atmospheric turbulence was proposed where all parameters are defined by first- and second-order statistical moments derived from a wide selection of experimental measurements. Analyses based on Monte Carlo simulation of the model parameters show that the propagation of turbulence uncertainties over the windexcited response of structures gives rise to a relevant scatter. The passage from Monte Carlo simulations to Taylor series expansions addressed to apply the first-order second-moment technique provides systematic rules to deal with the structural response in a full probabilistic environment. It also allows appreciation of the role of each uncertain parameter. The joint application of this procedure and a closed form solution of the response drastically reduces the computational burden and makes these analyses operatively possible. The proposed approach is a step forward towards the formulation of a unitary probabilistic model of the wind-excited response of structures, comprehensive of model errors, parameter uncertainties and parameter randomness
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