EN 1092 Flanges and their joints — Circular flanges for pipes, valves, fittings and accessories, PN designated

This European Standard for a single series of flanges specifies requirements for circular steel flanges in PN designations PN 2,5 to PN 400 and nominal sizes from DN 10 to DN 4000. This European Standard specifies the flange types and their facings, dimensions, tolerances, threading, bolt sizes, flange jointing face surface finish, marking, materials, pressure/ temperature ratings and approximate flange masses. For the purpose of this European Standard, "flanges" include also lapped ends and collars. This European Standard applies to flanges manufactured in accordance with the methods described in Table 1. Non-gasketed pipe joints are outside the scope of this European Standard.

COMMENTARY AND WORKED EXAMPLES TO EN 1993-1-5 “PLATED STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS”

The objective of this commentary is to present the scientific background to the rules. The mechanical models behind the rules are presented and references to source documents are given. All such models include simplifications, which have to be justified by calibration of the rules against test results. Several models for each failure mode have been checked with calibrations according to Annex D of EN 1990 [2] and the ones included in EN 1993-1-5 are those giving the lowest scatter and the most uniform safety. The procedure for calibration will be summarised in section 1.2. It should be noted that EN 1993-1-5, being a generic code, does not suggest γM values. According to the Eurocode system these values depend on the specific application and should be given by application parts e.g. for buildings in EN 1993-1-1 [3] and bridges in EN 1993-2 [4].
Although the rules may look unfamiliar to many engineers they are in fact only a new combination of rules from different European countries. For the time being they represent a set of useful rules for common plated structures. The intention is to cover beam type of structures like I-girders and box-girders. There are also details that may be improved by further research and some indications are given in this commentary.
This commentary is organised mainly in the same way as the code. In the right hand margin of the pages there are references to the specific clause in the code that the text refers to. The section headings follow that of the code but sometimes related rules from other sections are dealt with together with the main topic of the section. References to literature are given in the end of each section. Some sections go quite far into detail with the intention of documenting unpublished work with development of design rules during the drafting of the code. This commentary is not an official document from CEN but a private initiative by the authors. The content of commentary expresses the opinion of the author of each section although the content has been reviewed within the group. This applies also to clarifications and interpretations of the code. In addition to giving background information to the sections of EN 1993-1-5 this commentary also presents some worked examples in Section 15, 16 and 17. They show how the rules of the code can be applied in practical design.

Masonry Design Manual

The Masonry Design Manual, 4th Edition, assists non-engineers designing for or working with masonry in understanding masonry materials and the construction process. It references provisions of the 2006 International Building Code, ACI 530/ASCE 5/TMS402, and the 2005 Specification for Masonry Structures, and includes unit conversions and hundreds of masonry details.

Masonry Design Manual, 4th Edition, is published by Masonry Institute of America and the International Code Council. This new edition assists the designer in understanding masonry materials and the construction process. It incorporates the latest information available and is consistent with the provisions of the 2006 International Building Code, ACI 530/ASCE 5/TMS402, and the 2005 Specification for Masonry Structures. The book covers clay brick, concrete masonry, natural stone, terra cotta, glass block, reinforcing steel, veneer, mortar and grout, brick masonry construction. It includes unit conversions as well as hundreds of masonry details.

A valuable tool for the non-engineer designing for or working with masonry.

Masonry is perhaps the oldest building material, yet it is the least understood. This book is intended to assist the designer in understanding the materials and the construction process. It is our desire to fulfill a need of the designer, that is, to understand masonry materials in simple terms.

This book incorporates the latest information available and is consistent with the design provisions of the 2006 International Building Code, the 2005 Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures (ACI 530/ASCE 5/TMS 402) and the 2005 Specification for Masonry Structures (ACI 530.1/ASCE 6/TMS 602). The authors are presenting the material intended for the benefit of non-engineering disciplines, such as architects and contractors. There are a number of engineering concepts contained in the publication, but they are important to understanding the value of the basic concepts of masonry.

There are several sources that this publication incorporates, including the previous editions of the Masonry Design Manual, Technical Notes from the Brick Industry Association and National Concrete Masonry Association and a number of other technical publications developed by the Masonry Institute of America and other sources were used in the development of this publication. The compilation of this information is focused to the benefit of the designer and should be a valuable tool in improving the masonry industry.

This publication is not intended to replace the designer and anyone developing a masonry project should seek the assistance of a design professional, The Masonry Institute of America welcomes recommendations for the extension and improvement of the material and any new design techniques that may be incorporated into future editions.

Analytic Capacity and Rational Approximation (Lecture Notes in Mathematics)
Publisher: Springer | ISBN: 3540042202 | edition 1968 | PDF | 163 pages | 1,84 mb

Stochastic Finite Elements: A Spectral Approach
Publisher: Dover Publications | Pages: 224 | 2003-08-07 | ISBN: 0486428184 | PDF | 9 MB