Author(s)/Editor(s): Thomas Leslie | Size: 192 MB | Format:PDF full colour | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: University of Illinois Press | Year: 2013 | pages: 265 | ISBN: 0252037545
For more than a century, Chicago's skyline has included some of the world's most distinctive and inspiring buildings. This history of the Windy City's skyscrapers begins in the key period of reconstruction after the Great Fire of 1871 and concludes in 1934 with the onset of the Great Depression, which brought architectural progress to a standstill. During this time, such iconic landmarks as the Chicago Tribune Tower, the Wrigley Building, the Marshall Field and Company Building, the Chicago Stock Exchange, the Palmolive Building, the Masonic Temple, the City Opera, Merchandise Mart, and many others rose to impressive new heights, thanks to innovations in building methods and materials. Solid, earthbound edifices of iron, brick, and stone made way for towers of steel and plate glass, imparting a striking new look to Chicago's growing urban landscape.
Thomas Leslie reveals the daily struggles, technical breakthroughs, and negotiations that produced these magnificent buildings. He also considers how the city's infamous political climate contributed to its architecture, as building and zoning codes were often disputed by shifting networks of rivals, labor unions, professional organizations, and municipal bodies.
Featuring more than a hundred photographs and illustrations of the city's physically impressive and beautifully diverse architecture, Chicago Skyscrapers, 1871–1934 highlights an exceptionally dynamic, energetic period of architectural progress in Chicago.
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The discipline of architecture has gone through something of a metamorphosis in recent years. There is evidence of a clear shift both in the nature of debates within architecture and in its relationship with other academic This invaluable reader brings together the core writings on architecture by key philosophers and cultural theorists of the Twentieth Century.
This careful selection of the very best theoretical writings offers a refreshing take on the question of architecture and provocatively rethinks many of the accepted tenets of architectural theory from a broader cultural perspective.
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Specification for Aluminum Structures: The 2010 Specification for Aluminum Structures is the first unified allowable strength design and load and resistance factor design aluminum Specification. It provides rules for determining the strength of aluminum structural components and minimum strengths for wrought, cast, and welded aluminum alloys and aluminum fasteners. Commentary: discusses the provisions in the Specification for Aluminum Structures and provides references. Material Properties: includes alloy and temper designation systems for wrought and cast aluminum alloys; comparative characteristics of wrought alloys; foreign alloy designations correlated with US alloy designations; and typical mechanical and physical properties, including thermal expansion, electrical conductivity, and density (all in US and SI units) Design Guide: addresses structural design issues not included in the Specification for Aluminum Structures, including diaphragms, adhesive bonded joints, aluminum composite material, extrusion design, corrosion prevention, fire protection, sustainability, and design references for aluminum structural components in automobiles, bridges, rail cars, ships, pressure vessels, pipe, and storage tanks. Section Properties: lists dimensions and section properties for aluminum channels, I-beams, angles, tees, zees, square and rectangular tube, round tube, pipe, and roofing and siding, as well as sheet metal and wire gauges Design Aids: provides buckling constants, allowable stress tables for various alloys, allowable load tables for channels and I-beams in bending, tread plate, roofing and siding; fastener strengths, minimum bend radii for aluminum sheet and plate, wire, and rod, design stresses for groove and fillet welds, and beam formulas Illustrative Design Examples: includes structural design calculation examples based on the Specification for Aluminum Structures.
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Estimating Building Costs for the Residential & Light Commercial Construction Professional
Author(s)/Editor(s): WaynE j. DEL PiCo | Size: 47 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: John Wiley & Sons | Year: 2012 | pages: 526 | ISBN: 9781118099414
This book was created as a reference for professional contractors—in both the new and the remodeling markets—who want to master organized, efficient industry standards for estimating residential and light commercial projects. It is designed and presented for use by the professional contractor or homebuilder who has some experience in the industry and is familiar with the materials and tasks typical of building projects. The chapters provide step-by-step guidelines—ideal for learning industry-accepted standards for estimating.
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BS 4449:2005+A3:2016 Steel for the reinforcement of concrete. Weldable reinforcing steel. Bar, coil and decoiled product. Specification
Author(s): BSI
Published By:BSI
Published Year:2005
Size: 1 MB
Quality:Original preprint
Abstract: BS 4449 is intended for manufacturers, fabricators and purchasers of ribbed reinforcing steel (bars, coils and decoiled products) for the reinforcement of concrete structures. It provides designations based on the grade of steel, the product form and dimensions. The standard is used to specify all normal technical requirements for reinforcing steels, including chemical analysis, mechanical properties, rib geometry and tolerances on dimensions.
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Tohoku, Japan, Earthquake and Tsunami of 2011: Performance of Structures under Tsunami Loads
Author(s)/Editor(s): Gary Chock, Ian Robertson, David Kriebel, Mathew Francis, Ioan Nistor | Size: 51 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: the American Society of Civil Engineers | Year: 2013 | pages: 366 | ISBN: 0784412499
On March 11, 2011, at 2:46 p.m. local time, the Great East Japan Earthquake with moment magnitude 9.0 generated a tsunami of unprecedented height and spatial extent along the northeast coast of the main island of Honshu. The Japanese government estimated that more than 250,000 buildings either collapsed or partially collapsed predominantly from the tsunami. The tsunami spread destruction inland for several kilometres, inundating an area of 525 square kilometres, or 207 square miles. About a month after the tsunami, ASCE’s Structural Engineering Institute sent a Tsunami Reconnaissance Team to Tohoku, Japan, to investigate and document the performance of buildings and other structures affected by the tsunami. For more than two weeks, the team examined nearly every town and city that suffered significant tsunami damage, focusing on buildings, bridges, and coastal protective structures within the inundation zone along the northeast coast region of Honshu. This report presents the sequence of tsunami warning and evacuation, tsunami flow velocities, and debris loading. The authors describe the performance, types of failure, and scour effects for a variety of structures: Additional chapters analyse failure modes utilising detailed field data collection and describe economic impacts and initial recovery efforts. Each chapter is plentifully illustrated with photographs and contains a summary of findings.For structural engineers, the observations and analysis in this report provide critical information for designing buildings, bridges, and other structures that can withstand the effects of tsunami inundation.
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Tohoku, Japan, Earthquake and Tsunami of 2011: Survey of Coastal Structures
Author(s)/Editor(s): Lesley Ewing, P.E., D.CE and Shigeo Takahashi | Size: 7.5 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: the American Society of Civil Engineers | Year: 2013 | pages: 116 | ISBN: 0784412693
On March 11, 2011, a magnitude 9.0 earthquake rumbled off the east coast of Japan, followed by a tsunami that generated waves more than 18 meters high. The earthquake and tsunami caused devastation throughout the Tohoku and Sendai regions of Japan, killing nearly 16,000 people and causing damage estimated at more than US$126 billion.
For seven days in May 2011, an ASCE/COPRI Coastal Structures Team investigated the earthquake and tsunami effects specific to engineered coastal structures, coastal landforms, and coastal processes in northeast Japan. Joined by colleagues from Japan's Port and Airport Research Institute, the survey team observed five categories of coastal protection structures: coastal dikes, tsunami seawalls, floodwater gates, breakwaters, and vegetated greenbelts. This report provides background to the field investigation, including an event summary, the tectonic and geologic setting, and the generation, propagation, and runup of the tsunami. It then describes 11 mechanisms causing damage or failure and includes photographs illustrating the effects of each mechanism. Finally, the report presents lessons learned regarding what worked and what didn't and how this knowledge can be used to engineer against future natural disasters. For coastal engineers, structural engineers, geotechnical engineers, and disaster risk managers, the observations and analysis in this report provide critical information for engineering infrastructure that withstands major earthquake and tsunami events.
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