DESIGN GUIDE FOR HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE TO SINGAPORE STANDARD
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This design guide serves to extend the use of concrete beyond Grade 60 in the design of concrete structures using CP65. Hence, it is intended for use by engineers familiar with the design of concrete structures using particularly CP65 but who have little or no experience of high strength concrete (HSC). The guide is intended to provide safe design guidance, based on the best available information, especially in the areas not adequately covered by CP65.
In this respect, the guidance and recommendations in the Concrete Society Technical Report 49 are very relevant and have been extensively adopted here where ever possible. However, it should be noted that this guidance deals only with HSC made with normal weight aggregates and it should not be use for light weight aggregate concrete.
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The research work presented herein focuses on the behavior of a new type of precast framed structure that consists of steel-concrete hybrid beams and reinforced concrete (RC) columns for use in regions of high seismicity. The hybrid beams consist of a steel truss encased in steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC). The FRC-encased truss provides excellent strength, stiffness and energy dissipation capacity while the randomly oriented steel fibers enhance material ductility and beam shear strength. A new connection scheme was developed for adequate moment and shear transfer between the hybrid beam and RC column during large displacement reversals. Moment transfer was achieved through a combination of external steel rods and steel members connected to the truss chords, while adequate shear transfer was ensured through a bolted connection between the precast column and the embedded steel truss.
In the experimental phase of this research, four beam-column connection subassemblies were tested under large displacement reversals in order to evaluate the seismic performance of the proposed hybrid beam-RC column connection. Test results showed that the proposed connection scheme was effective in transferring moment and shear during large displacement reversals. In addition, beam inelastic rotations of up to 4.4% were measured in the hybrid beams, with good stiffness retention and energy dissipation capacity.
In the analytical phase of the study, models for predicting the envelope moment rotation response of the FRC-encased steel truss beams and their hysteretic behavior were first developed. Then, a prototype precast frame with FRC-encased steel truss beams and RC columns was designed for target roof drifts of 2.0% and 3.0% under ground motions with 10% and 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years, respectively, through the use of an energy-based method. The seismic behavior of the precast frame was evaluated through push-over analysis, as well as inelastic dynamic analyses under ground motions of various intensities. Analysis results showed that the proposed precast frame system is capable of satisfying the target performance criteria provided that the external connections are designed such that joint elastic rotations are limited to 0.5%.
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The European Design Guide for Tensile Surface Structures is a product of over three
years work by the members of TensiNet - A Thematic Network for Upgrading the
Built Environment in Europe through Tensile Structures, which was initiated on 1
March 2001.
...
Nevertheless, this European Design Guide for Tensile Surface Structures is not
intended to be a European standard. However, as a ‘state-of-the-art’ report it is a
step in that direction.
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"Operational Aspects of Oil and Gas Well Testing" by Stuart McAleese
Handbook of Petroleum Exploration and Production, 1. Second impression 2003, transferred to digital 2006
Elsevier Science | 2006 | ISBN: 0444503114 | 352 pages | PDF | 14 Mb
The recommended practices and guidelines, so defined in the book, are for direction in good working practices. As changes in technology, methodology and experience of the industry develops these practices and guidelines may in the ftillness of time be superseded.
This handbook covers all the major Operational Aspects of Oil and Gas Well Testing and uses a structured approach to guide the reader through the steps required to safely and effectively plan a well test operation under just about any circumstances world wide.
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This is staad2007 model for futsal bangkok, completed 2008
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Oil and gas production handbook. An introduction to oil and gas production by Håvard Devold
"Oil and gas production handbook. An introduction to oil and gas production" by Håvard Devold
Edition 2
ABB Oil and Gas | 2009 | ISBN: 8299788618 | 116 pages | PDF | 5 Mb
This handbook has been compiled for readers with an interest in the oil and gas production industry. It is an overview of the main processes and equipment. The material has been compiled from various online resources as well as ABB and customer documents.
Much of the equipment is described in standards, equipment manuals and project documentation. But little material quickly give the reader an overview of the entire upstream area, whilst still preserving enough detail to let the engineer have an appreciation of the main characteristics and design issues.
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Advanced Oil Well Drilling Engineering Handbook by Bill Mitchell
"Advanced Oil Well Drilling Engineering Handbook" by Bill Mitchell
10th Edition
Mitchell Engineering | 1995 | ISBN: n/a | 616 pages | PDF | 18 Mb
This handbook is a compilation of solved problems and practical drilling suggestions. The book covers 57 topics ranging from application of tubulars and hydrogen sulfide to buckling. Each section is followed by solved examples. The text also features expanded information on horizontal drilling and a new chapter on fishing.
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Sorry but the text is in French language. I guess, you guys can understand it very well.
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Reinforced concrete, as a composite material, has occupied a special place in the modern construction of different types of structures due to its several advantages. Italian architect Ponti once remarked that concrete liberated us from the rectangle. Due to its flexibility in form and superiority in performance, it has replaced, to a large extent, the earlier materials like stone, timber and steel. Further, architect's scope and imaginations have widened to a great extent due to its mouldability and monolithicity. Thus, it has helped the architects and engineers to build several attractive shell forms and other curved structures. However, its role in several straight line structural forms like multistoried frames, bridges, foundations etc. is enormous.
The design of these modern reinforced concrete structures may appear to be highly complex. However, most of these structures are the assembly of several basic structural elements such as beams, columns, slabs, walls and foundations (Anim. 1.1.1). Accordingly, the designer has to learn the design of these basic reinforced concrete elements. The joints and connections are then carefully developed.
Design of reinforced concrete structures started in the beginning of last century following purely empirical approach. Thereafter came the so called rigorous elastic theory where the levels of stresses in concrete and steel are limited so that stress-deformations are taken to be linear. However, the limit state method, though semi-empirical approach, has been found to be the best for the design of reinforced concrete structures
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A prestressed concrete structure is different from a conventional reinforced concrete
structure due to the application of an initial load on the structure prior to its use.
The initial load or ‘prestress’ is applied to enable the structure to counteract the stresses
arising during its service period.
The prestressing of a structure is not the only instance of prestressing. The concept of
prestressing existed before the applications in concrete. Two examples of prestressing
before the development of prestressed concrete are provided.
Force-fitting of metal bands on wooden barrels
The metal bands induce a state of initial hoop compression, to counteract the hoop
tension caused by filling of liquid in the barrels.
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