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Reinforced concrete, as a composite material, has occupied a special place in the modern construction of different types of structures due to its several advantages. Italian architect Ponti once remarked that concrete liberated us from the rectangle. Due to its flexibility in form and superiority in performance, it has replaced, to a large extent, the earlier materials like stone, timber and steel. Further, architect's scope and imaginations have widened to a great extent due to its mouldability and monolithicity. Thus, it has helped the architects and engineers to build several attractive shell forms and other curved structures. However, its role in several straight line structural forms like multistoried frames, bridges, foundations etc. is enormous.
The design of these modern reinforced concrete structures may appear to be highly complex. However, most of these structures are the assembly of several basic structural elements such as beams, columns, slabs, walls and foundations (Anim. 1.1.1). Accordingly, the designer has to learn the design of these basic reinforced concrete elements. The joints and connections are then carefully developed.
Design of reinforced concrete structures started in the beginning of last century following purely empirical approach. Thereafter came the so called rigorous elastic theory where the levels of stresses in concrete and steel are limited so that stress-deformations are taken to be linear. However, the limit state method, though semi-empirical approach, has been found to be the best for the design of reinforced concrete structures
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A prestressed concrete structure is different from a conventional reinforced concrete
structure due to the application of an initial load on the structure prior to its use.
The initial load or ‘prestress’ is applied to enable the structure to counteract the stresses
arising during its service period.
The prestressing of a structure is not the only instance of prestressing. The concept of
prestressing existed before the applications in concrete. Two examples of prestressing
before the development of prestressed concrete are provided.
Force-fitting of metal bands on wooden barrels
The metal bands induce a state of initial hoop compression, to counteract the hoop
tension caused by filling of liquid in the barrels.
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we upgraded our picture host & did some change on it yesterday. but unfortunately we missed all user data from our database but all old picture exsist.
we apologize for this & ask you if you want register there again.
CYCLIC TESTS ON LARGE SCALE STEEL MOMENT CONNECTIONS
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INTRODUCTION
moment resisting frames represent a widely used structural system for earthquake resistant steel construction.the popularity of MRFs lies in their recognized ability to provide DUCTILE RESPONSE to earthquake loading,as well as their architectural versatility...
1992
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Recent developments in high-technology areas have significantly transformed the welding industry. Automation, computers, process control, sophisticated scientific instruments and advanced processing methods are all common in today's modern industry. Today's engineers and technologists have to support complex systems and apply sophisticated welding technologies. This comprehensive new book discusses the changes in advanced welding technologies preparing the reader for the modern industry. CONTENTS Gas metal arc welding; Tubular cored wire welding; Gas tungsten arc welding; Laser beam welding; Nd: YAG laser welding; New developments in laser welding; Electron beam welding; Developments in explosion welding technology; Ultrasonic metal welding; Occupational health and safety.
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Reflecting hands-on experience of materials, equipment, tooling and processes used in the industry, this work provides up-to-date information on flat-rolled sheet metal products. It addresses the processing and forming of light-to-medium-gauge flat-rolled sheet metal, illustrating the versatility and myriad uses of this material.
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The purpose of the third edition of the Masonry Designers' Guide (MDG) is the same as that of the first and second editions that were published in 1993 and 1999 respectively- to assist those involved in the design, construction, and regulation of masonry structures. The third edition was prepared to help users apply the provisions of Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures (ACI 530-99/ASCE 5-99/TMS 402- 99) and Specification for Masonry Structures (ACI 530.1-99/ASCE 6-99/TMS 602-99). These two documents were updated from the 1995 Code and Specification by the Masonry Standards Joint Committee (MSJC) which includes members of the American Concrete Institute, the American Society of Civil Engineers, and The Masonry Society. Emphasis in the MDG is on application of the two documents. Background information on the development of the Code and Specification provisions is not emphasized. For such information the reader is referred to Commentary on Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures (ACI 530-99/ASCE 5-99/TMS 402- 99) and Commentary on Specification for Masonry Structures (ACI 530.1-99/ASCE 6-99/TMS 602-99). For ease in referencing the documents described above, an abbreviated notation is used in the MDG. Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures is shortened to MSJC Code or Code. Specification or Spec. means Specification for Masonry Structures. Code Commentary and Spec. Commentary refer to the respective commentaries. The third edition of the MDG is a combined effort of The Masonry Society (TMS) and the Council for Masonry Research (CMR). TMS, the professional society of the masonry industry, provided the masonry expertise of its members to revise the second edition of the MDG. The CMR, a consortium of national trade masonry industry associations, had the financial resources to fund the Guide's revision. The American Concrete Institute published the MDG first and second editions. The third edition of the MDG is published independently by TMS. The updated MDG is a valuable reference for engineers, contractors, architects, inspectors, building code authorities, and educators. The initial chapters address materials, testing, quality assurance, quality control, and construction methods, with reference to specific provisions of the MSJC Code and Specification. Subsequent chapters on design illustrate concepts and applications of Code provisions to the structural design of masonry. There are 75 numerical example problems included in a separate chapter on building design. A Code Reference Index and Specification Reference Index correlate each discussion and design application example to a particular MSJC Code or Specification section. The MDG third edition reflects new Code/Specification material on prestressed masonry, adhered veneer, hot weather construction provisions and inspection and quality assurance criteria. The seismic chapter includes a historical development of seismic provisions for masonry and shows how to apply the pseudo-strength method to design for seismic loads. The MDG third edition was developed by The Masonry Society under the direction of John H. Matthys, Professor of Civil Engineering and Director of the Construction Research Center, The University of Texas at Arlington. Professor Matthys provided guidance to individual authors/reviewers in development of all chapters and served as managing editor. The Masonry Society staff assisted with word processing and graphics. The production/revision of Part I, General, was the direct responsibility of John H. Matthys. The production/revision of Part II, Materials and Testing, and Part III, Construction, was the direct responsibility of an architectural/construction practices group chaired by Christine Beall. The production/revision of Part IV, Design, was the direct responsibility of a Masonry Design Brain Trust composed of consulting structural engineers and academicians. The production/revision of Chapter 17, Building Design, was the direct responsibility of the Building Design Example Committee.
The voluntary contributions of all primary authors and reviewers are recognized. Each section/chapter of the finished Guide is a meshing of concepts of authors and numerous reviewers. In addition many of the
example problems were developed and refined by several authors.
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David Watt "Building Pathology: Principles and Practice"
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David Watt "Building Pathology: Principles and Practice"
Published by Blackwell Science | Publication date : October 1999 | ISBN : 0632048751 | PDF | 277 pages | English | 13.7 MB
Building Pathology provides a detailed knowledge of how buildings are constructed, used, occupied and maintained, and the various mechanisms by which their structural, material and environmental conditions can be affected.
This book introduces the concept of building pathology and bridges the gap between current approaches to the surveying of buildings and the detailed study of defect diagnosis, prognosis and remediation.
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A 30 page research paper on CONTROL OF CRACK is from Department of civil engineering , Queensland, Australia is loaded under the following URL for those who wish to learn.
It is good to go through it to minimize the control on concrete.
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A one page information sheet which is very useful for the design of Garage floors is attached. Please note that it is with reference to American codes -IBC 20006, IRC 2006, Asce, NBCC. Its just 78 KB
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