Interference-optical Methods of Solid Mechanics

ANSI/AISC N690L-03 Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification for Safety-Related Steel Structures for Nuclear Facilities

This Specification contains Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) criteria for the design, fabrication, and erection of steel safety-related structures and structural elements for nuclear facilities. It is intended to be compatible with, and a supplement to, the 1999 AISC Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification for Structural Steel Buildings hereafter referred to as the AISC LRFD Specification. Unless stated otherwise, provisions of the AISC LRFD Specification are applicable. Only those sections that differ from the AISC LRFD Specification provisions are stated within this Specification. Section designations within this Specification are preceded by the letter N to denote nuclear facility design provisions. This specification includes the list of additional symbols, the glossary of additional definitions, and the appendices. Additional provisions for stainless steel sections are provided in Section NA5.3. Specifically excluded from this Specification are pressure retaining components, e.g., pressure vessels, valves, pumps, and piping. In the design of members and connections of Seismic Force Resisting Systems, the AISC Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings, in general, are not applicable. However, the detailing requirements of Sections 6 and 7 of the provisions shall be appropriately considered when designing for plastic analysis. Single angle members shall comply with the Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification for Single-Angle Members and with this Specification. Hollow structural sections (HSS) shall comply with the Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification for Steel Hollow Structural Sections and with this Specification. The sponsors of any system or construction within the scope of this Specification, the adequacy of which has been shown by successful use or by analysis or test, but which does not conform to or is not covered by this specification, shall have the right to present the data on which their design is based to the authority having jurisdiction for review and approval. Structures and structural elements subject to this Specification are those steel structures which are parts of a safety-related system or which support, house, or protect safety-related systems or components, the failure of which would impair the safety-related functions of these systems or components. Safety categorization for nuclear facility steel structures and structural elements shall be the responsibility of the owner. As used in this Specification, the term structural steel refers to the steel elements of the structural steel frame essential to the support of the required loads. Such elements are enumerated in Section 2.1 of the AISC Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges. For the design of cold-formed steel structural members, whose profiles contain rounded corners and slender flat elements, the provisions of the American Iron and Steel Institute North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members shall be applicable.

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Shotcrete Design Guidelines Design guidelines to avoid, minimise and improve the appearance of shotcrete

The use of shotcrete has recently come under scrutiny. Although it is cost effective and useful, when used in its natural, untreated state, it is visually intrusive, particularly in highly sensitive urban or rural areas. Due to its poor visual qualities there is often a call to restrict its use. However, this is not possible as it is a valuable engineering technique, useful for stabilising and providing structural support for problematic slopes. This has unnecessarily caused a difference of opinion within road design teams because if considered at the outset, in the route selection and concept design stages, designers and engineers can agree on a common goal to avoid the need for slope stabilisation for visual as well as cost and maintenance reasons. Therefore this document addresses the need to consider unstable slopes early on in the road development process and sets down a strategy and recommendations to avoid or minimise the eventual need for shotcrete. However it also recognises that there will be circumstances where shotcrete is inevitably required and addresses the real practical problem of what is an acceptable appearance.

Noise wall design guideline Design guidelines to improve the appearance of noise walls in NSW

This guideline was developed from an RTA research and development project to investigate noise wall design in NSW, Australia and overseas. It is not the intention of this document to encourage or deter the use of noise walls. Its primary purpose is to improve the urban design of noise walls by highlighting the main design problems, providing examples of good noise wall outcomes and setting down guidelines to achieve similar outcomes. Photographs have been included. Some are examples of good noise wall design and some are examples of poor design. Many simply illustrate a point or design principle and should not be seen as a criticism of the noise wall and the efforts of the teams that were responsible. For quick reference a summary of the Design guidelines is included at the beginning of Section 5, page 33. It is recommended that this summary is read with reference to the rest of the document. The photographs selected are not representative of the full range of design possibilities. Each site has its own constraints and each design team its own talents. The range of possible outcomes is broad. The key message of this document is that the right process must be adopted, and the appearance of the wall and its relationship to its context must be adequately considered. This document complements the RTA Environmental Noise Management Manual.

Bridge Aesthetics Design guidelines to improve the appearance of bridges in NSW

The purpose of these guidelines is to help design teams produce bridges of aesthetic value. In addition, these guidelines will also help the RTA and its advisors set down unequivocal aesthetic outcomes so that consultants and contractors are made aware of RTA requirements and can focus on innovation in achieving those requirements. The document is not intended for special iconic landmark bridges such as the Anzac Bridge which have their own design champions, but rather the more common road bridges which are an abundant and highly visible element of NSW highways. A number of photographs of NSW bridges have been included. It is not the intention to critically evaluate these bridges but to use the images as lessons for future bridge design. There are always exceptions to design rules and it is not the intention to provide a formula for good design.