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  Computer Systems and Water Resources
Posted by: ska51 - 12-04-2011, 09:13 AM - Forum: Water & Hydraulic Engineering - No Replies



Computer Systems and Water Resources (Developments in Water Science)

Author: George Bugliarello, Fred Gunther | Size: 8.28 MB | Format: PDF | Publisher: Elsevier Science & Technology | Year: 1974 | pages: 216 | ISBN: 044441259X

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PREFACE
We should like to state from the outset what this book is not. It is not a study of water resource systems or of methodologies for the planning, design, and:operation of such systems-topics that are treated in a vast body of excellent. books, papers, and reports which have appeared in recent years. Rather, the book addresses itself to an area in water resources technology that has received practically no attention in the literature: the description
and assessment of the pervasive role that computer systems have come to exert in this field, and are likely to exert in the future. While there are few practitioners or researchers in water resources today who have not used a computer in their work, and derived opinions, preferences, and a feeling for the possible directions of future evolution concerning computer systems, it is
fair to say that a systematic and comprehensive discussion of the subject has been lacking. Though this book does not provide such a comprehensive discussion, it does offer a state of the art overview of some of the principal considerations concerning computer systems that the decision-maker and practitioner in water resources can no longer afford to neglect. Since we
believe that an historical perspective is important, in several sections of the book we have provided brief sketches of the early use of computers in a number of water resource areas.

The germ of the book was a study carried out for the U.S. Office of Water Resources Research' , which was subsequently expanded, modified, and brought up to date. The study could not have been accomplished without the expertise of numerous persons. In addition to Robert Cheever who was a participant in the original study, numerous persons have contributed their expertise and advice. Personal communications with M. Abbott, E.
Altouney, P. Caruso, P. Combs, A. Cosper, N.H. Crawford, B. Doyle, A.J. Frederick, C. Furgeson, S. Lang, H.L. Longford, L. Manning, R. Myrick, J. Orlob, R.V. Thomann, and D.W. Webber, to name only a few, provided valuable direction and insight into the important, but often subtle problems encountered in the establishment of computer and programming policy.
Contributions by Sheri Gunther and Brandy Rommel (Editing), Vivian 1 Bugliarello, G. and Gunther, F.J., Computers and Water Resources, U.S. Office of Water Resources Research, 1973.
Cardwell (Administration), Myra Martin (Typing), and Edward Daniels (Drafting), in dealing with the practical aspects of generating this document cannot be fully acknowledged.


CONTENTS
PREFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
..
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
I INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
The Growth of Computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
. . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Analog and Hybrid Computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Computer Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Governmental Organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Private Organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Independent Organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Digital Computers and Minicomputers
II THE ELEMENTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Computer Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Digital Computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Input/Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Minicomputers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Analog Computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Hybrid Computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Hardware Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
The Man-Machine Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Computer-Instrument Packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Hardware Decisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
What Kind and Size Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Purchase. Rent. or Build . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Financial Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Time-sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Up-grading a Facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Computer Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Digital and Analog Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Hybrid Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Software Engineering and Management . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Software/Hardware Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Processing Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Real Time Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Non-Real Time Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Batch Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Software Protection and Pricing
111 SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE SYSTEMS
FOR WATER RESOURCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Software Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Problem-Oriented Languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Evolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
HYDRO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
HYDRALGOL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
FORTRAN-HYDRO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Other Developments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Modularity Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Program Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
The ASCE Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Examples of Program Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Standardization and Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Hardware Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Centralized Data Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Central Data Bank Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Other Communications Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
The Role of the Minicomputer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Other Centralized Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Program Libraries in the Central System . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
IV COMPUTER UTILIZATION AREAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Data Acquisition and Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
The Water Resources Division-USGS . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3
NAWDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
STORET-EPA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Satellite Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
DataTechnology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Analysis and Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Process Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
The Elements of a Process Control System . . . . . . . . . 105
Analog Computer Process Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Digital Computer Process Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
V COMPUTERS IN SURFACE WATER SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . 109
Historical Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Data Acquisition and Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Water Quality Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Flood Control Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Adjusting Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Analysis and Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Dynamic Programming and Monte Carlo Methods . . . . . 118
Dynamic Programming for Multiple Structures . . . . . . 118
Hybrid System-Flood Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Digital Watershed Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Thermal Pollution Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Lake Modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Optimal Control Theory-Aeration . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Total Water Resource Management-Simulation . . . . . . 127
Process Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Control and Monitoring-Rivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
The California Aqueduct . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
VI COMPUTERS IN GROUNDWATER SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . 135
Historical Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Analysis and Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
The Relaxation Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
The Finite Difference Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
The Finite Element Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Basin Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Groundwater Flow-Hybrid Applications . . . . . . . . . 142
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
VII COMPUTERS IN WATER UTILIZATION SYSTEMS . . . . . . . 146
Historical Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Analysis and Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Distribution Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ; . . . . 150
Waste Water Collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Treatment Plant Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
andinstreams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Irrigation 1 5x4
Process Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Urban Water Supply' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Operation of Distribution Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Water Treatment-The Chicago Filtration Plant . . . . . . 158
Sewerage Treatment Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Biological Processes in Water Treatment Plants
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vlll LOOKING TO THE FUTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Computer Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Application Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Data Acquisition and Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Analysis and Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Process Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
The Overall Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
The Structure of the Interface Between Computer Systems
and Water Resources Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
APPENDICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200

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  Standards concerning waterproofing products
Posted by: ir_71 - 12-04-2011, 07:13 AM - Forum: Archive - No Replies

Dear friends and colleagues,

a lot of standards for waterproofing products was issued during past two years:
1. BS EN 14695:2010 Flexible sheets for waterproofing - Reinforced bitumen sheets for waterproofing of concrete bridge decks and other trafficked areas of concrete - Definitions and characteristics
2. BS EN 15812:2011 Polymer modified bituminous thick coatings for waterproofing - Determination of crack bridging ability
3. BS EN 15813:2011 Polymer modified bituminous thick coatings for waterproofing - Determination of flexibility at low temperatures
4. BS EN 15815:2011 Polymer modified bituminous thick coatings for waterproofing - Resistance to compression
5. BS EN 15816:2011 Polymer-modified bituminous thick coatings for waterproofing - Resistance to rain
6. BS EN 15817:2011 Polymer modified bituminous thick coatings for waterproofing - Water resistance
7. BS EN 15818:2011 Polymer modified bituminous thick coatings for waterproofing - Determination of dimensional stability at high temperature
8. BS EN 15819:2011 Polymer modified bituminous thick coatings for waterproofing - Reduction of the thickness of the layer when fully dried
9. BS EN 15820:2011 Polymer modified bituminous thick coatings for waterproofing - Determination of watertightness
10. BS EN 15976:2011 Flexible sheets for waterproofing - Determination of emissivity
11. BS EN 16002:2010 Flexible sheets for waterproofing - Determination of the resistance to wind load of mechanically fastened flexible sheets for roof waterproofing

It will be very useful for me and my students if someone of you can share some of these standards.

Thanks in advance!

IR

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  Design of Modern Highway Bridges
Posted by: toa011 - 12-04-2011, 03:55 AM - Forum: Bridge (Project and Technology) - Replies (6)

Design of Modern Highway Bridges

Author: Narendra Taly | Size: 51 MB | Format: PDF | Publisher: Mcgraw-Hill College Division | Year: 1997 | pages: 1352 | ISBN: 0070629978

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Product Description
This text provides an introduction to the theory and practice of designing modern highway bridge superstructures. Beginning with the history of bridges, it describes various types of bridge superstructures, materials of construction, bridge loadings, and analysis techniques for various types.
Book Info
Emphasis has been placed on the practical aspects of design, rather than on design theory. Covers the topic of bridge design in conformance with the 55th editions of AASHTO Specifications for Highway Bridges, 1992 and the 1993 AASHTO Interim Specifications. DLC: Bridges - Design

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  Clear Glass: Creating New Perspectives >> By Van Chris Uffelen
Posted by: cordoba123 - 12-03-2011, 07:17 PM - Forum: Architecture Books - No Replies


Clear Glass: Creating New Perspectives >> By Van Chris Uffelen (Author)

Author: Van Chris Uffelen | Size: 255.01 MB | Format: PDF | Publisher: Braun Publishing AG | Year: November 1, 2008 | pages: 256 | ISBN: ISBN-10: 3037680032 ISBN-13: 978-3037680032

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[Image: 21657191051555851555.jpg]
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Glass stands for openness and transparency. In contemporary glass architecture these associations are utilized in a subtle and highly intentional way. Some buildings appear low-key and reduced to express elegance and seriousness, other provide deep insights to set a stage for profiling and a vivid exchange between inside and outside. In either case innovative glass buildings generate unexpected perspectives, individual communication channels and a temporary feeling of freedom in an actually closed spatiality. In this title about 60 projects from all around the world will be presented with texts, photos as well as sketches and drawings.

Series: Architecture & Materials
Category: Architectural Structure & Design

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  Paper: EFFECT OF RATE OF LIFTING OF SLUMP CONE ON INDICATED SLUMP OF CONCRETE 
Posted by: hessi - 12-03-2011, 06:36 PM - Forum: Archive - No Replies

Hi my dera friends,
I found no way to access this paper
I'll really appreciate it, if any body can help me by sharing this paper

EFFECT OF RATE OF LIFTING OF SLUMP CONE ON INDICATED SLUMP OF CONCRETE
Author(s):
Wilson, H K STOWE, R L

Journal:
ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION VICKSBURG MISS

Year:
1971

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  Frequently Misunderstood IBC/ASCE 7-05 Structural Provisions
Posted by: mybest - 12-03-2011, 04:49 PM - Forum: Request for Civil Engineering Media - No Replies

Dear member, who have this course, please share. It must be very helpful.

Author(s) / Developer: S. K. Ghosh and Susan Dowty

Description: This one-day seminar was presented by Dr. S. K. Ghosh and Susan Dowty, S.E., in Southern California in July, 2009, and was professionally recorded at the site. The seminar addresses the top 10 misunderstood structural provisions in ASCE 7-05 and related IBC structural provisions. The following ten topics are discussed, including a presentation of answers to questions that we have received on the
application of related provisions:

1. Redundancy Factor
2. Drift Determination and Building Separation
3. Minimum Seismic Design Base Shear
4. Live Load Reduction
5. Seismic Analysis Procedure Selection
6. Enclosure Classification for Wind Design
7. Special Seismic Load Combinations
8. R, Cd and Overstrength Factor Values for Horizontal and Vertical Combinations
9. Seismic and Wind Design of Parapets
10. Torsion, Torsional Irregularity and Direction of Seismic Loading

Total Duration: 6 hrs
PDH Earned: 6

For more information

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  Missing Some Data of CivilEA
Posted by: Administrator - 12-03-2011, 04:05 PM - Forum: CivilEA News - Replies (6)

Hello;

During our last update in forum, unfortunately we missed some user information. "User Avatars" and "user awards" are missing information.
I`m very sorry for this issue.
we can restore these data from our backup but it needs to be closed site and also need we accept high risk to destroy other information.

I think it is better to not restore data.
I request you to re-upload or re-select your avatar, and if you have not your avatar post here and I`ll give your avatar from our backup.
and about awards, we try to give old medals users.

I`m very sorry for this issue.

please reupload your avatar again and if need post here to give you, your old avatar. also I request you, do not use tinypic or imagehack for uploading your avatars.

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  Fibrous and Composite Materials for Civil Engineering Applications (Woodhead Publishi
Posted by: ir_71 - 12-03-2011, 03:03 PM - Forum: General Books - Replies (1)

Fibrous and Composite Materials for Civil Engineering Applications (Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles)

Author: R Fangueiro | Size: 16.8 MB | Format: PDF | Publisher: Woodhead Publishing | Year: 2011 | pages: 400 | ISBN: 1845695585

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The use of fibrous materials in civil engineering, both as structural reinforcement and in non-structural applications such as geotextiles, is an important and interesting development. Fibrous and composite materials for civil engineering applications analyzes the types and properties of fibrous textile and structures and their applications in reinforcement and civil engineering.
Part 1 introduces different types of fibrous textiles and structures. Chapters cover the properties of natural and man-made fibers and of yarns, as well as an overview of textile structures. Part 2 focuses on fibrous material use in concrete reinforcement, with chapters on the properties and applications of steel fiber reinforced concrete, natural fiber reinforced concrete and the role of fiber reinforcement in mitigating shrinkage cracks. In part 3, the applications of fibrous material-based composites in civil engineering are covered. Chapters concentrate on production techniques and applications such as reinforcement of internal structures, structural health monitoring and textile materials in architectural membranes.

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  fib Bulletin 52 Structural concrete
Posted by: ribak - 12-03-2011, 11:16 AM - Forum: Archive - No Replies

Will you please someone upload "fib Bulletin 52 Structural concrete: textbook on behaviour, design and performance, Volume 2"

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  Environmental Science Experiments - by Aviva, Ebner
Posted by: ska51 - 12-03-2011, 10:53 AM - Forum: Environmental Engineering - Replies (2)

Environmental Science Experiments (Experiments for Future Scientists)

Author: Aviva, Ph.d. Ebner | Size: 2.42 MB | Format: PDF | Publisher: Chelsea House Pub (L) | Year: 2011 | pages: 140 | ISBN: 1604138513 & 9781604138511

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Book Description:

Environmental Science Experiments introduces students to the challenges in balancing the use of resources with maintaining a healthy environment. The experiments in this title encourage students to increase their awareness of the environment, the impact of environmental change, and how Earth's residents can stop or slow the destruction of habitats. From experiments about acid rain and oil spills to studying a freshwater habitat and investigating alternative fuels, the experiments in this book will serve as inspiration for students to pursue an education in a related field.

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