Six full-scale high-strength concrete columns were tested under cyclic lateral force and a constant axial load equal to 20% to 34% of the column axial load capacity. The 510 mm (20 in.) square columns were reinforced with 4 No. 29 (ASTM No.9) and 4 No. 36 (ASTM No.ll) bars constituting a longitudinal steel ratio of 2.6% of the column gross sectional area. The main experimental parameter was transverse reinforcement detail. It was found that the hysteretic behavior and ultimate deformability of high-strength concrete columns are significantly influenced by the amount and details of transverse reinforcement in the potential plastic hinge regions as well as the axial load levels. Excellent hysteretic behavior achieving a drift ratio of 6% without degradation of load carrying capacity was developed by columns with 82% or more of confinement specified in the seismic design provision of the ACI 318-95 code, when the axial load ratio was 20%. However, similar columns only achieved an ultimate drift
ratio of3% when the axial load was above 30% ofthe column axial load capacity. Reasonably good hysteretic behavior up to an ultimate drift ratio of 4% was possible for columns reinforced with transverse reinforcement providing as low as 57% of confinement required by the ACI code, when the axial load ratio was 20%. For the same transverse reinforcement configuration and testing condition,
improved behavior was observed for the model column where the transverse reinforcement was of a higher strength. New performance-based design for required transverse reinforcements for high-strength concrete columns subjected to seismic loading is investigated. Macro-analysis was performed to predict the column behavior at various stages of seismic loading. The analytical results show that currently available confined high-strength concrete stress-strain theories
implemented in a new curvature-based moment-curvature program analysis is able to predict the lateral shear versus displacement relationship of the specimens. A micro-analysis was performed with ADINA (Automatic Dynamic Non-linear Analysis), a finite element analysis software, by constructing three-dimensional finite element models. The results, with all parameters properly prescribed,
provide good correlation with the experimental values. The finite element method can provide detailed analytical results of stress and crack distributions and provide insights in stress and crack variations during the stages of loading as well as verification of the experimental results.
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Riddington J.R., Ghazali M.Z. [1988] "Shear strength of masonry walls," Proceedings of the Eigth International Brick and Block Masonry Conference, Dublin, Ireland.
Hamburger R.O. [1993] "Methodology for seismic capacity evaluation of steel-frame buildings with infill unreinforced masonry," Proceedings of the US National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Memphis, Tennesse, USA.
Liauw T.C., Lee S.W. [1977] "On the behaviour and the analysis of multi-storey infilled frames subjected to lateral loading," Proceedings of Institution of Civil Engineers, Part 2, Vol. 63, pp. 641-656.
Author: Ahmed A. Shabana | Size: 3.6 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: Cambridge University Press | Year: 2010 | pages: 386 | ISBN: 9780521154222
Dynamics of Multibody Systems, Third Edition, introduces multibody dynamics, with an emphasis on flexible body dynamics. Many common mechanisms such as automobiles, space structures, robots, and micromachines have mechanical and structural systems that consist of interconnected rigid and deformable components. The dynamics of these large-scale, multibody systems are highly nonlinear, presenting complex problems that in most cases can only be solved with computer-based techniques. The book begins with a review of the basic ideas of kinematics and the dynamics of rigid and deformable bodies before moving on to more advanced topics and computer implementation. This revised third edition now includes important new developments relating to the problem of large deformations and numerical algorithms as applied to flexible multibody systems. The book's wealth of examples and practical applications will be useful to graduate students, researchers, and practicing engineers working on a wide variety of flexible multibody systems.
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A comprehensive and practical guide to surveying for archaeologists, with clear instructions in archaeological mapping, recording field work and detailed case studies from the UK, Europe and the US. Philip Howard provides a user’s guide to methods and instruments of surveying to enable archaeologists to represent their own fieldwork confidently and independently. Archaeological Surveying is an invaluable resource which:
- provides beginner’s instructions to software used in computerised surveying, including IntelliCAD 2000, Terrain Tools, Christine GIS and Global Mapper
- introduces the archaeologist to a range of surveying instruments such as GPS, electronic distance measures, theodolites and magnetic compasses
- includes low-cost software.
This textbook is an essential read for any field archaeologists who are in need of an introduction to surveying, or simply wish to update their techniques.
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Statics and Dynamics of Rigid Bodies presents an interdisciplinary approach to mechanical engineering through a close evaluation of the statics and dynamics of rigid bodies, presenting a concise introduction to both. This volume bridges the gap of interdisciplinary published texts linking fields like mechatronics and robotics with multi-body dynamics in order to provide readers with a clear path to understanding numerous sub-fields of mechanical engineering. Three-dimensional kinematics, rigid bodies in planar spaces and numerous vector and matrix operations are presented in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of mechanics through dynamics and rigid bodies.
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Engineering Mechanics: Statics and Dynamics (2nd Edition)
Author: Gary Gray, Michael Plesha, Francesco Costanzo | Size: 113 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: McGrawHill | Year: 2012 | pages: 1471 | ISBN: 9780073380315
Based upon a great deal of classroom teaching experience, Plesha, Gray, & Costanzo provide a visually appealing learning framework to your students. The look of the presentation is modern, like the other books the students have experienced, and the presentation itself is relevant, with examples and exercises drawn from the world around us, not the world of sixty years ago. Examples are broken down in a consistent manner that promotes students' ability to setup a problem and easily solve problems of incrementally harder difficulty.
Engineering Mechanics is also accompanied by McGraw-Hill's Connect which allows the professor to assign homework, quizzes, and tests easily and automatically grades and records the scores of the students' work. Most problems in Connect are randomized to prevent sharing of answers and most also have a "multi-step solution" which helps move the students' learning along if they experience difficulty.
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