Article/eBook Full Name: Two case studies for the effect of beam offset in finite element calculations
Author(s): Nader G. Zamani, Nima Gharib, P. N. Kaloni
Edition: International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Education, Volume 37, Number 2
Publish Date: April 2009
ISBN: 0306-4190
Published By: Manchester University Press
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Collapse Modelling Analysis of a Precast Soft-Storey Building in Melbourne
Author: A. Wibowo , J.L. Wilson , E.F. Gad1, , N.T.K. Lam , P. Collier | Size: 0.3 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: AUSTRALIAN EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING SOCIETY; 2009 CONFERENCE, Newcastle, New South Wales, 11-13 December 2009 | Year: 2009 | pages: 11
Experimental field testing of a soft storey building in Melbourne has been undertaken
by Swinburne University of Technology in collaboration with The University of
Melbourne. The upper levels that consisted of precast walls and slabs were demolished
to the first floor. The soft storey open ground floor was a precast concrete frame with
connections significantly weaker than the members they connected. Four tests were
conducted with combination between load directions (strong and weak) and restraints of
ground slab (with or without ground slab). The experimental results show that soft
storey columns were found to have significant displacement capacity irrespective of
strength degradation.
An analytical model has been developed to predict force-displacement relationship of
the tested frame. The model includes the influences of: a) connection strength at column
ends; b) gravity rocking strength; and c) ground slab restraint. Results from the
developed model were found to be in excellent agreement with experimental test results,
showing that the top connection in the form of an unbonded high strength steel bars
dominated the overall load-deflection behaviour in the strong direction. However, the
gravity rocking mechanism dominated the behaviour in the weak direction. The
presence of the ground slab provides additional restraint to the column and significant
additional lateral strength to the system.
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Author: Seval Pinarbasi , Dimitrios Konstantinidis , James M. Kelly | Size: 0.2 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: 10th World Conference on Seismic Isolation, Energy Dissipation and Active Vibrations Control of Structures, Istanbul, Turkey, May 28-31, 2007 | Year: 2007 | pages: 12
Reconnaissance reports following strong earthquakes time and again point to the widespread
damage caused to buildings with soft stories. This study is motivated by the need to provide
mitigation strategies for these types of structures. There exists a general belief among
practicing engineers that seismic isolation can only be effective in reducing the seismic
demand for regular, uniformly stiff buildings but not for soft-story buildings since it is
thought that the flexibility of the soft story deems the isolation ineffective. This paper
present results from an extensive numerical investigation that dispels this misconception. It
looks at the results of modal and nonlinear time-history analyses conducted on simplified
models of a hypothetical five-story reinforced concrete building with a soft ground story to
draw conclusions on the efficiency of seismic isolation as the flexibility of the soft story is
increased. Comparison is made with how soft-story flexibility affects the corresponding
fixed-base building. Practical ways, if necessary, for increasing the efficiency of the
technique is also examined, showing that it benefits greatly by stiffening the soft story.
Success of the linear theory developed for base-isolated structures in predicting the basic
response parameters (both modal and seismic) when the structure has a soft ground story is
also assessed. The paper confirms that seismic isolation can be used as a viable mitigation
technique for soft-story buildings.
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The present study evaluates how the soft first story irregularity condition should be defined: (a) as a significant
reduction of the lateral shear stiffness of all resisting frames within a given story, as established in the seismic provisions
of Mexican building codes or, (b) as a substantial reduction of the lateral shear stiffness of one or more resisting frames
within a given story, as proposed by the author. Both definitions are evaluated through nonlinear dynamic analyses of
buildings systems with a suspected soft first story condition in order to discern which option is closer to define the soft fist
story condition.
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SOFT-STOREY BEHAVIOUR IN AN EARTHQUAKE and SAMPLES OF IZMIT-DUZCE
Author: Dr. Mizan DOĞAN Dr. Nevzat KIRAÇ Dr. Hasan GÖNEN | Size: 1.00 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: Department of Civil Engineering, Osmangazi University Eskisehir- TURKEY | Year: 2002 | pages: 8.
Due to the considerations of occupancy and architectural appearance, especially in the entrance floor
and on one of the intermediate levels, inner sections between columns and outer walls are not
constructed in the way they are done in other storeys or rigidity of the single structures in the storeys
are different. These sections in the buildings are generally used for sales stores, restaurants, bank
branches, installations and lightening. These are labelled as soft storeys in literature. Form the studies
and investigation of the quake results, it is observed that partitioning walls and beam fillings enable
buildings to gain great rigidity. Although irregularities of soft storey have taken place in many
construction codes, it is observed that most of the damage constructions suffered result in this kind of
irregularities. In the current study the focus, depending on the investigations on soft storeys conducted
in quake regions of Izmit and Duzce, was on the investigation of the effect of a soft storey on the
behaviour of a construction. Also solutions were investigated for making the soft storeys in the present
constructions and in the ones to be built resistant to quake.
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Soft Story Risk Reduction: Lessons from the Berkeley Data
Author: David Bonowitz, S.E. 605A Baker Street San Francisco, CA 94117 [email protected] Sharyl Rabinovici, Ph.D. | Size: 4 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: A Special Projects and Initiatives report to Earthquake Engineering Research Institute | Year: January 2013 | pages: 92 | ISBN: 978-1-932884-58-6
The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the EERI Endowment Fund and the Special
Projects & Initiatives Committee. We also thank Joan MacQuarrie, former Building Official
of the City of Berkeley, for making the evaluation reports available for our review. The
Applied Technology Council made available a draft version of the FEMA P-807 technical
criteria applied in Section 5, and Mike Korolyk of Tipping Mar Associates, Berkeley, helpfully
reviewed some initial calculations. The Structural Engineers Association of Northern California’s
Existing Buildings Committee, Marko Schotanus, Chair, provided valuable feedback
on preliminary findings.
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As I see it a while ago some companies have begun producing engineering programs using a new new way to advertise for their engineering programs.
while at the same time these company are trying to protrct their products.
One of the new methods is to get a limited period ,the program will work with full options then expire. so this is a good chance to let user see the program and knows all features of this software and decide if it is useful prog or not.
other methods , by activating some options only of the program for the purpose of increasing advertising and spreading the software between socity of engineers.
By these methods also they decrease a chances to crack their softwares.
But although it is still some companies allow the circulation of all of its products among all users without increasing restrictions to protect programs and believes that it is still the best methods to achieve proliferation and good sales.
And certainly it depends on the size of each company and the amount of spread around the world and the ability of their products competitive with other similar programs have
That these ideas are just a personal viewpoint
Made welcome and opinions of all my dear colleagues
An increase in major natural disasters—and the growing number of damaging events involving gas, electric, water, and other utilities—has led to heightened concerns about utility operations and public safety. Due to today's complex, compliance-based environment, utility managers and planners often find it difficult to plan for the action needed to help ensure organization-wide resilience and meet consumer expectations during these incidents. Emergency Planning Guide for Utilities, Second Edition offers a working guide that presents new and field-tested approaches to plan development, training, exercising, and emergency program management.
The book will help utility planners, trainers, and responders—as well as their vendors and suppliers—to more effectively prepare for damaging events and improve the level of the utility’s resilience. It also focuses on planning needed in the National Incident Management System and ICS environment that many utilities are embracing going forward. In doing so, utilities will be able to improve the customer experience while reducing the impact that damaging events have on the utility’s infrastructure, people, and resources.
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Author: M. G. H. Bell, Yasunori Iida | Size: 5.1 MB | Format:DjVu | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: Wiley | Year: 1997 | pages: 210 | ISBN: 047196493X
The fabric of all societies is held together by networks of various kinds, such as water supply, energy supply, sewage disposal, communication and, perhaps most importantly, transportation. Transportation Network Analysis is concerned primarily with the spatial, but also the temporal, nature of the movement of people and freight across land, where the movement is channelled onto roads or railways. The road and rail infrastructure constitute the transportation network while the movement of people and freight constitute the flows on the network. Providing a coherent theoretical framework, this book focuses on three interdependent aspects of transportation networks: state estimation the estimation of path flows, vehicle queues, stops and delays; route choice link cost functions and the equilibrium principle; and network design traffic signal control, link design and link insertion or deletion. While the treatment of transportation networks is general and not specific to one mode of transport, the emphasis is on private transport by road networks with extensions to public transport indicated where appropriate. Numerous examples illustrate both definitions and algorithms.
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