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I'm seeing more frequently copyright notice on buildings architectural and engineering drawings.
What's the whole point of that?
I'm not thinking about the concept which might be innovative e.g. solar panels supports.
In some parts of Europe the law requires that the whole design & execution papers (drawings + documents) are to be provided to the building owner and to a an official office (like city hall).
The building owner must (according to law) pass this package of documents to the new owner if any. Mainly this package stays with the building until the building is completely demolished.
During the life time of the building further documents must be attached to the initial package in case changes are applied to it.
From time to time design codes change and so the owner wishes to reevaluate the building performance or even safety.
In doing so is he required by the copyright law to request the author to copy the drawings?
What if the author rejects?
In time by using low quality paper and ink the drawings become difficult to read.
So for making backup of the drawings does the owner has to require permission to copy the documents and eventually pay for that?
Moreover some laws allow anyone to retrieve the documents or copies from the official office (city hall) in case the building owners package was lost.
If the copyright agreement is in the contract between the first owner and the author (designer) what happens if the building is sold.
Is it art to draw a lines in autocad? Something like a painting?
So if you work for the erection contractor do you pay copyright for copies of drawings?
Do you copy them without permission?
If you do technical surveys / rehabilitation do you wait for permission from the original designers to work with their drawings?
Regards
An example of copyright:
2. DOCUMENTS REVIEWED BY THE NBS INVESTIGATIVE TEAM
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This is a handwritten solutions manual for Traffic Engineering 3rd Edition. Some parts are written in Persian but the majority of the solutions manual is written in English. The solutions manual can be be used regardless of the parts written in Persian.
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A balanced presentation that encompasses both formalism and structure in analytical dynamics, this graduate-level text discusses fundamentals of Newtonian and analytical mechanics, rigid body dynamics, behavior of dynamical systems, geometric theory, analytical solutions, transformation theory, problems in celestial mechanics and spacecraft dynamics, and more. 128 figures. 1970 edition.
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Posted by: viet2010 - 01-27-2014, 01:38 AM - Forum: Archive
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Dear all,
Please shared this book:
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FEFLOW is an acronym of Finite Element subsurface FLOW simulation system and solves the governing flow, mass and heat transport equations in porous and fractured media by a multidimensional finite element method for complex geometric and parametric situations including variable fluid density, variable saturation, free surface(s), multispecies reaction kinetics, non-isothermal flow and multidiffusive effects. FEFLOW comprises theoretical work, modeling experiences and simulation practice from a period of about 40 years. In this light, the main objective of the present book is to share this achieved level of modeling with all required details of the physical and numerical background with the reader. The book is intended to put advanced theoretical and numerical methods into the hands of modeling practitioners and scientists. It starts with a more general theory for all relevant flow and transport phenomena on the basis of the continuum approach, systematically develops the basic framework for important classes of problems (e.g., multiphase/multispecies non-isothermal flow and transport phenomena, discrete features, aquifer-averaged equations, geothermal processes), introduces finite-element techniques for solving the basic balance equations, in detail discusses advanced numerical algorithms for the resulting nonlinear and linear problems and completes with a number of benchmarks, applications and exercises to illustrate the different types of problems and ways to tackle them successfully (e.g., flow and seepage problems, unsaturated-saturated flow, advective-diffusion transport, saltwater intrusion, geothermal and thermohaline flow).
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This text addresses the modeling of vibrating systems with the perspective of finding the model of minimum complexity which accounts for the physics of the phenomena at play. The first half of the book (Ch.1-6) deals with the dynamics of discrete and continuous mechanical systems the classical approach emphasizes the use of Lagrange's equations. The second half of the book (Ch.7-12) deals with more advanced topics, rarely encountered in the existing literature: seismic excitation, random vibration (including fatigue), rotor dynamics, vibration isolation and dynamic vibration absorbers the final chapter is an introduction to active control of vibrations.
The first part of this text may be used as a one semester course for 3rd year students in Mechanical, Aerospace or Civil Engineering. The second part of the text is intended for graduate classes. A set of problems is provided at the end of every chapter.
The author has a 35 years experience in various aspects of Structural dynamics, both in industry (nuclear and aerospace) and in academia he was one of the pioneers in the field of active structures. He is the author of several books on random vibration, active structures and structural control.
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INTRODUCTION
The primary aim of this Manual is to provide a standard basis for communication between the Design Engineer in the Drawing Office and the Detailer in the Detailing Group. It is further aimed at giving a consistent level of presentation to the work we issue to Contractors. The scope of the Manual has been confined to simple elements of insitu reinforced concrete construction as practised in the UK. BS 8110-1: 1997 forms the basis of all details and comments in this Manual. It takes account of the details given in Standard Method of Detailing Structural Concrete, published by The Concrete Society and The Institution of Structural Engineers in August 1989.
Since the original drafting of this document significantly more detailing is carried out by contractors. This is discussed more fully in Section 1.2. It should be recognised that the contractor will not be in
possession of this Manual and therefore information additional to that provided to in-house detailers may be required. In any case it should be recognised that such Detailing Instructions are a formal
deliverable and should be verified as such. The Detailing Group can provide advice and assistance when issuing instructions to contractor detailers.
This Manual does not cover designs to EC2. A separate document has been produced with the IStructE and will be issued shortly. It is anticipated that this document, along with Arup user notes, will replace this Detailing Manual for EC2 applications.
The Manual consists of General Notes followed by sections on:
- Foundations
- Retaining Walls
- Columns
- Walls
- Beams
- Slabs
- Stairs
- Corbels, Half Joints and Nibs
Followed by Appendix 1, a sample detailing notice.
Each section subdivides into:
• Scope
• Design Notes - Guidance on concrete grade, cover, etc., and special problems that should be considered. Reference is made to relevant clauses of BS 8110.
• References - List of relevant clauses in BS 8110.
• Detailing Information - List of information required by Detailer.
• Presentation of - Typical examples.
• Working Drawings
• Model Details - Sheets showing preferred method of detailing with appropriate instructions and notes.
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