This Guidance Note relates principally to the design and construction of deck-type and halfthrough skew bridge decks. Deck-type bridges, which comprise steel girders supporting a composite concrete slab at the top flange, are most frequently used for highways, whilst half-through decks are commonly used for railway bridges. For the purposes of this Note, a skew bridge is one where the longitudinal axis of the bridge deck is not square to the lines of its supporting piers and/or abutments. In the Note, the skew angle is taken as the angle between a line square to the supports and the longitudinal axis of the bridge. Thus the greater the skew angle, the higher (or more severe) the skew. Curved skew bridges are not covered.
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This design manual is one of a series developed from an evaluation of facilities in the shore establishment, from surveys of the availability of new materials and construction methods, and from selection of the best design practices of the Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFACENGCOM), other Government agencies, and the private sector. This manual uses, to the maximum extent feasible, national professional society, association, and institute standards in accordance with NAVFACENGCOM policy. Deviations from these criteria should not be made without prior approval of NAVFACENGCOM Headquarters (Code 04).
Design cannot remain static any more than the rival functions it serves or the technologies it uses. Accordingly, recommendations for improvement are encouraged from within the Navy and from the private sector and should be furnished to Commander, Naval Facilities Engineering Command (Code 04B), 200 Stovall Street, Alexandria, VA 22332-2300.
This publication is certified as an official publication of the Naval Facilities Engineering Command and has been reviewed and approved in accordance with SECNAVINST 5600.16, Procedures Governing Review of the Department of the Navy (DN) Publications.
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Abstract: Silos are special structures subjected to many different unconventional loading conditions, which result in unusual failure
modes. Failure of a silo can be devastating as it can result in loss of the container, contamination of the material it contains, loss of
material, cleanup, replacement costs, environmental damage, and possible injury or loss of life. Silo damage and failures that occurred in
different regions of the world are presented in the paper using illustrative photos. Also provided are a review and discussion of the
common or spectacular silo failures due to explosion and bursting, asymmetrical loads created during filling or discharging, large and
nonuniform soil pressure, corrosion of metal silos, deterioration of concrete silos due to silage acids, internal structural collapse, and
thermal ratcheting. Silo damage and failures from several earthquakes are also presented.
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Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures. Test methods for the determination of the laboratory reference density and water content. Proctor compaction, European committee for standardization.
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Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures. Test method for the determination of the indirect tensile strength of hydraulically bound mixtures
Status: Current
Publication Date: 18 March 2003
Cross References: prEN 13286-50, prEN 13286-51, prEN 13286-52, prEN 13286-53
International Relationships: EN 13286-42:2003 Identical
Supersedes Draft: 00/101853 DC
Descriptors: Roads, Construction materials, Mixtures, Tensile strength, Strength of materials, Tensile testing, Mechanical testing
ICS: 93.080.20
Committee: B/510/4
ISBN: 0580414159
Publisher: BSI
Format: A4
Pages: 12
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Pipe rack steel structure Staad file for SAWAN gas field Pakistan
Consultant : ABB
Job name : SAWAN gas field compression project
Client : OMV
Engineer : Frigerio
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This Standard specifies the requirements for cold-formed, electric resistance-welded, carbon steel hollow sections used for structural purposes. It considers three strength grades, with or without impact properties, that are suitable for welding. It is applicable to structural hollow sections formed cold without subsequent heat treatment. The Standard does not cover submerged arc-welded, helically welded or U’ed and O’ed steel hollow sections. For guidelines on information to be supplied at the time of enquiry or order, see Appendix A. Means for demonstrating conformance with this Standard are given in Appendix B.
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"Code Approaches to Seismic Design of Masonry-Infilled Reinforced Concrete Frames: A State-of-the-Art Review"
Hemant B. Kaushik, Durgesh C. Rai, and Sudhir K. Jain
Earthquake Spectra Volume 22, Issue 4, pp. 961-983 (November 2006)
Issue Date: November 2006
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