This document offers a guide to the design and application of BBR FRP materials used in the strengthening of concrete and timber structures. It addresses strengthening by the application of carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRP), aramid fibre reinforced polymers (AFRP) and glass fibre reinforced polymers (GFRP) to the external parts of structural elements, both by bonding to the external surface and/or bonding within slots cut in the surface layers of the substrate.
BBR Systems Ltd has produced this manual for use by its BBR subsidiaries and licensees worldwide. The information contained herein has been researched from a number of references and is considered current as at the date given at the bottom of this page. As the use of FRPs is the subject of a large number of on-going research programmes around the world, conditions pertaining to their usage may vary from time to time.
BBR Systems Ltd does not warrant the correctness of the material provided in this manual and shall not be liable for any special, incidental, consequential, indirect or any damages whatsoever, which arise out of any breach of warranty, breach of contract, tort, strict liability or any other cause of action. The successful application and use of this manual is the sole responsibility of the user and is dependent on the application of sound judgement by a qualified Engineer who has a thorough understanding of structural mechanics and material behaviour, especially as it relates to reinforced concrete. The user of the manual must ensure that the design procedure adopted is relevant for use on the intended application and must select appropriate values suitable for the specific application. Reference to an appropriate set of Design Recommendations is essential (either the German General Guidelines, The UK Concrete Society Design Guidance TR55, the fib bulletin 14 or the draft ACI 440 Recommendations would be appropriate documents for this purpose). Any design carried out must comply with the relevant Codes of Practice for the country concerned.
The manual is not to be relied on as the sole basis for design. Procedures contained in the manual, if adopted, imply that the user acknowledges and agrees to the terms of usage outlined above and further implies that the user understands the manual has been prepared to supplement the user’s knowledge on this specialised subject. Any implied or expressed warranties covering this manual, including any warranties of fitness for particular purpose and warranties with respect to effect or result of the application of the manual to specific strengthening work and any warranties with respect to the completeness or effectiveness of the repair or strengthening for which the manual was used is expressly excluded.
It is envisaged that Chapters 6, 7 & 8 will be upgraded regularly as the divergence of opinion which exists between current guidelines comes closer together. The material contained therein should be taken as introductory at this stage.
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A BREVIARY OF SEISMIC TOMOGRAPHY
Imaging the Interior of the Earth and Sun.
This is the first textbook to cover all the major aspects of seismic tomography at a level accessible to students. While focusing on applications in solid earth geophysics, the book also includes numerous excursions into helioseismology in order to demonstrate the strong affinity between the two fields.
The book presents a comprehensive introduction to seismic tomography including the basic theory of wave propagation, the ray and Born approximations required for interpretation of amplitudes, travel times and phases, eigenvibrations and surface waves, observational methods, model parametrization, finite-frequency methods, inversion, error and resolution analysis, and seismic anisotropy. It presents in-depth consideration of observational aspects of the subject, as well as practical recommendations for implementing numerical models using publicly available software.
Written by one of the leaders in the field, and containing numerous student exercises, this textbook is appropriate for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses. It is also an invaluable guide for seismology research practitioners in geophysics and astronomy. Solutions to the exercises, and a link to the author’s tomographic software and user manual are available online from
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Guust Nolet is the George J. Magee Professor of Geophysics Emeritus at Princeton University and currently teaches at the University of Nice/Sophia Antipolis in France. His research interests include seismic body wave tomography and investigations of the structure of the mantle and its role in shaping the Earth’s surface. Professor Nolet is the winner of the 2006 Beno Gutenberg Medal of the European Geophysical Union, the 1983 Vening Meinesz prize, and the 1980 Prix Lagrange. He is a Fellow of the American Geophysical Union and is a member of the Academia Europea, the Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
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German Pavillion Article published in DETAIL. Designed by SCHLAICH BERGERMANN & PARTNERS
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1 General Information on Tsunami Waves, Seaquakes and Other Catastrophic Phenomena in the Ocean
2 Physical Processes at the Source of a Tsunami of Seismotectonic Origin
3 Role of the Compressibility of Water and of Non-linear Effects in the Formation of Tsunami Waves
4 The Physics of Tsunami Formation by Sources of Nonseismic Origin
5 Propagation of a Tsunami in the Ocean and Its Interaction with the Coast
6 Methods of Tsunami Wave Registration
7 Seaquakes: Analysis of Phenomena and Modelling
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Author: Roy Chudley and Roger Greeno | Size: 51.3 MB | Format:PDF | Publisher: Prentice Hall | Year: 2005 | pages: 634 | ISBN: 0131286420
Construction Technology covers the basic elements of substructure (site works, setting out and foundations) and superstructure (flooring and roofs, simple finishes, fittings and fixtures), as well as basic services such as water, gas electricity and drainage, and considers low-rise framed industrial and commercial buildings. * An ideal reference for students on construction crafts courses, this is an essential text for all students new to the subject, whether they are on GNVQ, BTEC HNC/D or degree programmes in construction or related sectors. * Completely updated to take into account new Building Regulation requirements. Includes information on construction techniques updated in line with new regulations. * New chapter - Access and Facilities for the Disabled - includes domestic and commercial areas. * Additional information covering the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 and Town and Country Planning Act 1990. * Ideal introduction: assumes no previous knowledge of the subject.Covers conventional methods of on-site construction. * Presents a rational, logical progression of subjects following the construction sequence. * Represents contemporary and established practice. Keeps key elements of historic practice for maintenance reference. * Detailed illustrations capture core information. * Contains up-to-date references to current legislation and regulations, including the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 1994 and the Construction (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1996.
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This book is a humble effort to share my experiences in the field of seismology and seismotectonics. During my PhD study in early 1980s at the Victoria University of Wellington (VUW), New Zealand, I came across only one book on Microearthquake Seismology by Lee and Stewart (1981). We get hundreds of books on theoretical seismology and thousands of research papers on theoretical as well as on observational seismology, but not many books on observational seismology or seismotectonics. I felt this demand in my student life as well as in my professional life. I think it is appropriate to have such a reference book on South Asia region, that may help to foster more communication between seismologists and geologists at national and international levels.
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Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) is a methodology that estimates the likelihood that various levels of earthquake-caused ground motion will be exceeded at a given location in a given future time period. Due to large uncertainties in all the geosciences data and in their modeling, multiple model interpretations are often possible. This leads to disagreement among experts, which in the past has led to disagreement on the selection of ground motion for design at a given site.
In order to review the present state-of-the-art and improve on the overall stability of the PSHA process, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) co-sponsored a project to provide methodological guidance on how to perform a PSHA.
The project has been carried out by a seven-member Senior Seismic Hazard Analysis Committee (SSHAC) supported by a large number other experts.
The SSHAC reviewed past studies, including the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and the EPRI landmark PSHA studies of the 1980s and examined ways to improve on the present state-of-the-art.
The Committee's most important conclusion is that differences in PSHA results are due to procedural rather than technical differences. Thus, in addition to providing a detailed documentation on state-of-the-art elements of a PSHA, this report provides a series of procedural recommendations.
The role of experts is analyzed in detail. Two entities are formally definied—the Technical Integrator (TI) and the Technical Facilitator Integrator (TFI)—to account for the various levels of complexity in the technical issues and different levels of efforts needed in a given study.
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In the context of the NLA development, Airbus Industrie proposed the A380 program, an aircraft whose mission is to transport 555 Pax over 7920nm (A380-800). The aircraft sets the standard for new Code F airports (80m wing span, Landing Gear (L/G) Outer Wheel Span >14m) and will feature 20 or 22 Main Landing Gear wheels for MTOW ranging from 560t to 600t with development potential beyond 640t. The issue of pavement compatibility was considered to be fundamental to the programme, especially as the current ACN/PCN method, was shown to have reached its limit of reability with the unpredicted failures of pavements subject to 6 wheel bogie loads. The pavement designers from Airport and Airforce Bases Engineering Dept. (Direction Générale de l’Aviation Civile - Service Technique des Bases Aériennes DGAC-STBA), ICAO ACNSG European voting member, the pavement structure and materials experts (French Laboratory for Civil Engineering – Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées LCPC) and the European aircraft manufacturer AIRBUS INDUSTRIE felt the need for an ambitious research program aiming at defining more accurate pavement design methods.
AIRBUS INDUSTRIE set up in partnership with STBA and LCPC the experimental part of this research via the A380 Pavement Experimental Program to be able to bring in the pavement compatibility issue into the Landing gear (L/G) configuration selection decision process.
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