Groundwater Geochemistry (A Practical Guide to Modeling of Natural and Contaminated Aquatic Systems)
Groundwater Geochemistry (A Practical Guide to Modeling of Natural and Contaminated Aquatic Systems)
Broder J. Merkel (Author), Britta Planer-Friedrich (Author)
Darrell K. Nordstrom (Editor)
Edition: Second
Pages: 230 (PDF)
Publisher: Springer (2008)
ISBN: 9783540746676
e-ISBN: 9783540746683
Numerical groundwater flow, transport, and geochemical models are important tools besides classical deterministic and analytical approaches. Solving complex linear or non-linear systems of equations, commonly with hundreds of unknown parameters, is a routine task for a PC. Modeling hydrogeochemical processes requires a detailed and accurate water analysis, as well as thermodynamic and kinetic data as input. Thermodynamic data, such as complex formation constants and solubility-products, are often provided as databases within the respective programs. However, the description of surface-controlled reactions (sorption, cation exchange, surface complexation) and kinetically controlled reactions requires additional input data.
Hydrogeochemical models depend on the quality of the chemical analysis, the boundary conditions presumed by the program, theoretical concepts (e.g. calculation of activity coefficients) and the thermodynamic data. Therefore it is vital to check the results critically. For that, a basic knowledge about chemical and thermodynamic processes is required and will be outlined briefly in the following chapters on hydrogeochemical equilibrium (chapter 1.1), kinetics (chapter 1.2), and transport (chapter 1.3). Chapter 2 gives an overview on standard hydrogeochemical programs, problems and possible sources of error for modeling, and a detailed introduction to run the program PHREEQC, which is used in this book. With the help of examples, practical modeling applications are addressed and specialized theoretical knowledge is extended. Chapter 4 presents the results for the exercises of chapter 3.
This book does not aim to replace a textbook but rather attempts to be a practical guide for beginners at modeling.
Code:
***************************************
Content of this section is hidden, You must be registered and activate your account to see this content. See this link to read how you can remove this limitation:
http://forum.civilea.com/thread-27464.html
***************************************
Code:
***************************************
Content of this section is hidden, You must be registered and activate your account to see this content. See this link to read how you can remove this limitation:
http://forum.civilea.com/thread-27464.html
***************************************
"Downstream is Weaker"