Like never before we are aware of the crucial place of bridges in our lives. The spans that warranted little notice are now at the forefront of public and political debate and we are reminded of the rich history-and the uncertain future-of bridging in Minnesota. Historian Denis P. Gardner documents and celebrates a wide range of the state’s rural and urban spans, telling the remarkable stories of their construction and impact on Minnesota life and culture. From Pratt trusses to bowstring arches, Wood, Concrete, Stone, and Steel describes nearly every bridge type found in Minnesota, including railroad spans, and features more than 225 illustrations of historical and extant bridges. Gardner details the development of engineering and construction innovations (complete with a guide to trusses) and traces the fascinating politics and personalities behind the task of creating and maintaining safe, and often beautiful, crossings. Through arresting photographs and lively narrative, Gardner makes a compelling argument for the value of preserving our bridges and the cultural heritage they carry and brings to life their importance in Minnesota’s past, present, and future. Denis P. Gardner is an award-winning historian who has documented properties for the National Register of Historic Places and the Historic American Engineering Record. He is the author of Minnesota Treasures: Stories behind the State’s Historic Places. Eric DeLony is former director of the Historic American Engineering Record.
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Vibration and stability of an initially stressed laminated plate based on a higher-order deformation theory
Doong, Ji-Liang; Chen, Tsyr-Jang; Chen, Lien-Wen (1987) Composite Structures. 7(4): pp. 285 - 309.
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Bilinear S-N Curves and Equivalent Stress Ranges for Fatigue Life Estimation
Author: Yen, B., Hodgson, I., Zhou, Y., and Crudele, B. | Size: 1 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: ASCE | Year: 2013 | pages: 5
With the magnitude of some stress cycles in a live load stress range spectrum being higher than the constant amplitude fatigue limit (CAFL) of a structural detail, the development of a fatigue crack could be expected. The current procedure in the AASHTO specifications for fatigue life estimation utilizes an equivalent constant amplitude stress range with the direct extension of the S-N lines of slope −3 to below the CAFL. This approach is conservative; however, it often results in overprediction of fatigue damage and underestimation of the safe useful life of structural details. A set of bilinear S-N curves with the knee at the CAFL for the AASHTO fatigue strength categories and a slope of −4 below have been produced analytically for estimating fatigue life of existing structures subjected to variable live load stresses. This paper provides information regarding the development of the new equivalent constant amplitude stress ranges for the bilinear S-N curves. The results from a few examples are presented. Adoption of the procedure presented herein for fatigue life estimation is recommended.
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Response and Analysis of a Large Diameter Drilled Shaft Subjected to Lateral Loading
Author: Tong Qiu, Patrick J. Fox, Kerop Janoyan, Jonathan P. Stewart and John W. Wallace | Size: 1 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | pages: 12
Numerical analyses are presented for the response of a 2 m diameter drilled shaft with flagpole configuration subjected to lateral loading. The analyses were conducted using three software programs: LPILE (subgrade reaction model), SWM (strain wedge model), and ABAQUS (3-D finite element model). The analyses consider nonlinear behavior of the reinforced concrete shaft, contact-slip-gap at the soil-shaft interface, and elastic-plastic properties of the soil. Numerical results are compared with measurements from a full-scale field test for the shaft and include lateral displacement at the top of the shaft, subgrade reaction (p-y) curves at three depths, and distributions of bending moment and shear force along the shaft.
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I always wanted to be a bridge engineer. As a young man I worked on a number of big bridges and experienced a wide range of erection gantries. Most of them were a challenge to my comfort. Despite moving out of bridges and into academia 30 years ago, I have retained an interest in big bridges and I was very pleased to be asked to steer this Guide into a second edition. Bridge gantries, whether used for access or for works, can be a cause of real danger. Despite considerable efforts to improve design, manufacture and management of gantries, failures still occur and people are still killed. It may seem strange that the first message in a volume about gantries should be, “don’t use them unless you have to, and if you think you have to, think again”. Other forms of access are always being developed and even an existing gantry may be more difficult to use and more dangerous than a modern, flexible system. Of course, there are bridges where nothing else will do, where a gantry is truly essential, but even there, making a complex gantry that can reach into difficult corners may not be justified.
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This Standard specifies the loading to be used for the design of highway bridges and associated structures through the attached revision of Composite Version of BS 5400: Part 2. This revision to BS 5400: Part 2 also includes the clauses that relate to railway bridge live load.
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Bridges and culverts are designed to pass the design flood discharge and at the same time meet backwater criteria. The return period or frequency of occurrence of an event is the average period of time between events equal to or exceeding the given magnitude. The annual probability of occurrence of an event is equal to the reciprocal of the return period. For example, a flood with a return period of 100 years has a 1% chance of occurring in any given year; whereas a flood with a return period of 25 years has a 4% chance of occurring in any given year. The design frequency, or return period of the design flood, varies by type of construction.
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The first complete introduction to health monitoring, encapsulating both technical information and practical case studies spanning the breadth of the subject. Health Monitoring of Structural Materials and Components is an excellent introductory text for newcomers to the subject as well as an excellent study tool for students and lecturers. Practitioners and researchers, those with a greater understanding and application of the technical skills involved, will also find this essential reading as a reference text to address current and future challenges in this field. The wide variety of case studies will appeal to a broad spectrum of engineers in the aerospace, civil, mechanical, machinery and defence communities.
Written by a highly-respected figure in structural health monitoring, this book provides readers with the technical skills and practical understanding required to solve new problems encountered in the emerging field of health monitoring. The book presents a suite of methods and applications in loads identification (usage monitoring), in-situ damage identification (diagnostics), and damage and performance prediction (prognostics). Concepts in modelling, measurements, and data analysis are applied through real-world case studies to identify loading, assess damage, and predict the performance of structural components, as well as examine engine components, automotive accessories, aircraft parts, spacecraft components, civil structures and defence system components.
In particular the book:
* provides the reader with a fundamental and practical understanding of the material;
* discusses models demonstrating the physical basis for health monitoring techniques;
* gives a detailed review of the best practices in dynamic measurements including sensing;
* presents numerous data analysis techniques using model- and signal-based methods;
* discusses case studies involving real-world applications of health monitoring;
* offers end-of-chapter problems to enhance the study of the topic for students and instructors; and
* includes an accompanying website with MATLAB programs providing hands-on training to readers for writing health monitoring model simulation and data analysis algorithms.
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This broadly recognized national standard to design and construct bridges has been revised to be consistent with its companion, the recently updated AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications. Among the revisions are improved testing and acceptance criteria, updated material references, and recommended guidelines for construction loads. Included in this electronic edition are the 2010 and 2011 Interim Revisions. Following each chapter the revisions are identified as well as linked throughout the entire book where available. See the "Interim Revisions 2010 and 2011" sections for a complete list of changes to each section.
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