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The Trump International Hotel and Tower, also known as Trump Tower Chicago and locally as the Trump Tower, is a skyscraper condo-hotel under construction in downtown Chicago, Illinois in the United States. Architect Adrian Smith, who worked for Skidmore, Owings and Merrill during the building's planning and design stages, designed the building, named after real estate developer Donald Trump. Bovis Lend Lease is building the 92-story structure to a height of 1,362 feet (415 m) including its spire, with its roof topping out at 1,170 feet (360 m). It is adjacent to the main branch of the Chicago River with a view of the entry to Lake Michigan beyond a series of bridges that cross the river. The building received publicity when the winner of the first season of The Apprentice, Bill Rancic, chose to manage the construction of the tower.
Trump announced in 2001 that the skyscraper would become the tallest building in the world, but after the September 11, 2001 attacks, the building plans were scaled back, and its design has undergone several revisions. According to the current design, upon completion in 2009 it will be the second-tallest building in the United States after Chicago's Sears Tower, rising above the Empire State Building in New York City and Chicago's current second-tallest, the Aon Center, and third-tallest, the John Hancock Center. It is expected to be surpassed by the Freedom Tower in New York City in 2010 and by the Chicago Spire in 2011. Trump Tower will surpass the Hancock Center as the building with the world's highest residence above the ground until the Spire claims this title.
The design of the building includes, in order from the ground up, retail space, a parking garage, a hotel, and condominiums.The 339-room hotel opened for business with limited accommodations and services on January 30, 2008. April 28, 2008 marked the grand opening with full accommodations and services. A restaurant on the 16th floor opened in early 2008 to favorable reviews for its cuisine, decor, location, architecture, and view.
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PS:Please rename part 12 from xdownx.org_Discovery.Channel.Build.it.Bigger.S01E22.High.Risk.Tower.720p.HDTV.x264-DHD.part12.rar to Discovery.Channel.Build.it.Bigger.S01E22.High.Risk.Tower.720p.HDTV.x264-DHD.part12.rar
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Design of Modern Highrise Reinforced Concrete Structures
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Hiroyuki Aoyama, "Design of Modern Highrise Reinforced Concrete Structures"
World Scientific Publishing Company | 2002 | ISBN: 1860942393 | 300 pages | PDF | 17,7 MB
This book presents the results of a Japanese national research project carried out in 1988-1993, usually referred to as the New RC Project. Developing advanced reinforced concrete building structures with high strength and high quality materials under its auspices, the project aimed at promoting construction of highrise reinforced concrete buildings in highly seismic areas such as Japan. The project covered all the aspects of reinforced concrete structures, namely materials, structural elements, structural design, construction, and feasibility studies. In addition to presenting these results, the book includes two chapters giving an elementary explanation of modern analytical techniques, i.e. finite element analysis and earthquake response analysis.
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The second edition is intended for the junior-senior-graduate level course in finite element method. This text includes a step-by-step, systematic approach to the formulation and analysis of differential and integral equations in variational forms for use as finite element methods.
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# Paperback: 192 pages
# Publisher: Architectural Press; 1 edition (March 23, 2005)
# Language: English
# ISBN-10: 075065693X
# ISBN-13: 978-0750656931
# Product Dimensions: 10.7 x 8.6 x 0.6 inches
Book Description
The first book to review this exciting new trend in transportation systems design that has only recently come of age
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Posted by: timosi™ - 09-25-2009, 12:09 PM - Forum: PERFORM 3D
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CSI Perform 3D
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Perform 3D v2.1
(Students Version)
Documents
PERFORM 3D is a highly focused nonlinear software tool for earthquake resistant design. Complex structures, including those with intricate shear wall layouts, can be analyzed nonlinearly using a wide variety of deformation-based and strength-based limit states.
Model data can be imported directly from ETABS and SAP2000. A wide variety of element types are supported, including beams (with panel zones), columns, braces, shear walls (with openings), floor slabs, dampers, and isolators.
Nonlinear analyses can be static and/or dynamic, and can be run on the same model. Loads can be applied in any sequence, such as a dynamic earthquake load followed by a static pushover.
PERFORM 3D provides powerful performance based design capabilities, and can calculate demand/capacity (usage) ratios for all components and all limit states. Performance assessment based on ATC-40, FEMA-356 or ATC-440 is fully automated.
PERFORM 3D output includes usage ratio plots, pushover diagrams, energy balance displays, as well as mode shapes, deflected shapes, and time history records of displacements and forces.
PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT
PERFORM has built in tools for widely accepted methods of performance assessment
• Deformation and/or strength capacities (acceptance criteria) for components of all types.
• Limit states based on deformation, strength and/or drift.
• Demand-capacity ratios are calculated for all components, and usage ratios for all limit states.
• Performance assessment using static pushover methods, including Capacity Spectrum Method, FEMA 356 and ATC 440 Coefficient (Displacement Modification) Methods, and FEMA 440 Linearization Method. Graphic implementation of all methods, clearly showing target displacement (performance point) and limit states.
• Simple graphic display of limit state usage ratios for dynamic earthquake analyses.
• Results combination for multiple dynamic earthquake analyses, with mean demand/capacity ratios calculated at component level, and simple graphic display of limit sate usage ratios. Simplifies decision making by reducing the results of complex analyses to a few simple graphs.
• Draw structure with members and/or individual plastic hinges colored based on demand/capacity ratio, for both single load cases and load case combinations, to help identify "hot spots".
NONLINEAR MODELING
An unparalleled variety of nonlinear and linear components. Simple properties if you want to keep it simple. More complex properties, as options, if you want sophistication.
• Bars of several types, including buckling bars.
• Beams, columns, braces, shear links.
• Fiber cross sections for beams, columns and walls. Steel, concrete, tension-only and buckling fibers.
• Plastic hinges with PMM Interaction.
• Shear hinges with V-V interaction.
• Fracturing connections.
• Panel zones in beam-to-column connections.
• Shear walls, including coupling beams.
• Squat walls with irregular openings.
• Buckling restrained braces.
• Nonlinear fluid dampers.
• Rubber type and friction pendulum isolators.
• Floor slabs.
• All nonlinear components have similar force-deformation relationships. Elastic-perfectly-plastic or trilinear behavior, with brittle strength loss as an option. FEMA 356 relationship as a special case.
• Optional stiffness and energy degradation under cyclic load. This can be important for earthquake time history analysis.
• P-delta effects in all components, including seismic isolators.
• Account for uncertainty in member properties by specifying upper and lower bounds on strength and stiffness, then vary member strength and/or stiffness at analysis time, without changing the model
• Import model geometry and loads from ETABS and SAP2000
• Full graphic interface
NONLINEAR ANALYSIS
Automated and reliable strategies for static and dynamic analysis, even for complex behavior with brittle strength loss and/or P-delta effects. Handles very large models.
• Nonlinear static pushover, in any direction.
• Nonlinear time history analysis for earthquake ground motions.
• Nonlinear time history analysis for dynamic external forces.
• Modal and/or Rayleigh damping.
• Arbitrary load sequences, such as cyclic push-over or earthquake time-history followed by pushover.
CHECK BEHAVIOR AND DISPLAY RESULTS
Includes a variety of tools to display results, for checking the analysis model and to help you understand the behavior of the structure.
• Time history plots of results, including displacements, velocities, relative and absolute accelerations, member forces, member deformations, drifts and forces on cross sections through any part of the structure.
• Built-in calculation of "floor" response spectra.
• Hysteresis loop plots for inelastic components.
• Graphical energy balance, showing how much energy is dissipated by members of each type.
• Animated deflected shapes, with optional coloring based on member demand/capacity ratio.
• Bending moment and shear force diagrams for beams and columns, including animation.
• Bending moment and shear force diagrams for complex shear walls and shear cores.
• Animated mode shapes.
• Save results to text files for off-line processing (rarely needed).
FOR PERFORM-COLLAPSE
The modeling and performance assessment capabilities of PERFORM 3D, with analysis methods specifically for progressive collapse using the alternate path method.
• Static and dynamic analysis options.
• Catenary effects in floors (true large displacements analysis).
• Automatic calculation and application of forces in removed columns or walls.
• Automatic calculation of vertical masses for progressive collapse analysis.
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Intelligent Computational Paradigms in Earthquake Engineering (Computational Intelligence and Its Applications)
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Intelligent Computational Paradigms in Earthquake Engineering (Computational Intelligence and Its Applications)
By Nikos D. Lagaros
* Publisher: Idea Group Publishing
* Number Of Pages: 444
* Publication Date: 2007-03-08
* ISBN-10 / ASIN: 1599041006
* ISBN-13 / EAN: 9781599041001
Product Description:
"The enormous advances in computational hardware and software resources over the last fifteen years resulted in the development of non-conventional data processing and simulation methods. Among these methods artificial intelligence (AI) has been mentioned as one of the most eminent approaches to the so-called intelligent methods of information processing that present a great potential for engineering applications. Intelligent Computational Paradigms in Earthquake Engineering contains contributions that cover a wide spectrum of very important real-world engineering problems, and explore the implementation of neural networks for the representation of structural responses in earthquake engineering. This book assesses the efficiency of seismic design procedures and describes the latest findings in intelligent optimal control systems and their applications in structural engineering. Intelligent Computational Paradigms in Earthquake Engineering presents the application of learning machines, artificial neural networks and support vector machines as highly-efficient pattern recognition tools for structural damage detection. It includes an AI-based evaluation of bridge structures using life-cycle cost principles that considers seismic risk, and emphasizes the use of AI methodologies in a geotechnical earthquake engineering application. "
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Homebuilders' Guide to Earthquake-Resistant Design and Construction, FEMA 232
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Quote:Author: Building Seismic Safety Council, FEMA, International Code Council, NEHRP
Publisher: Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
Published: June 2006
Pages: 224
Format: Softcover
ISBN 10: 1410108791
ISBN 13: 9781410108791
Homebuilders' Guide to Earthquake-Resistant Design and Construction (FEMA 232) includes prescriptive building detail plans based on the state-of-the-art earthquake-resistant design for use by homebuilders and others in the construction of a non-engineered residential structure.
This guide replaces the Home Builder's Guide to Seismic Resistant Construction and all earlier versions of FEMA 232.
It presents seismic design and construction guidance for one- and two-family light frame residential structures that can be utilized by homebuilders, homeowners, and other non-engineers, and provides supplemental information to the 2003 edition of the International Residential Code. Includes background information on the principles of seismic resistance and how earthquake forces impact conventional residential construction and more detailed information on architectural considerations.
Discussions of masonry and stone elements, examples of typical floor plans for earthquake resistant one- and two-story homes, excerpts of seismic requirements from building codes, and checklists for home builders are included. The guide also presents a series of "above code recommendations" and low cost measures that would increase the performance of the building and help keep it functional after an earthquake.
Quote:Contents
Front Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
Table Of Contents
Appendices
List Of Figures
List Of Tables
Executive Summary
Chapter 1: Introduction.
Chapter 2: Earthquake-Resistance Requirements.
Chapter 3: Foundations and Foundation Walls.
Chapter 4: Floor Construction.
Chapter 5: Walls.
Chapter 6: Roof-Ceiling Systems.
Chapter 7: Chimneys, Fireplaces, Balconies, and Decks.
Chapter 8: Anchorage of Home Contents.
Chapter 9: Existing Houses.
Appendices
Appendix A: Analysis of Model House Used in this Guide.
Appendix B: Earthquake Provisions Checklist for Builders and Designers.
General Earthquake-resistance Requirements
Foundations And Foundation Walls
Floor Construction
Light-frame Wall Construction
Roof Construction
Cold-formed Steel Construction
Masonry Wall Buildings
Concrete And Insulating Concrete Form Wall Buildings
Stone And Masonry Veneer
Fireplaces And Chimneys
Appendix C: Earthquake Provisions Checklist for Designers and Plan Checkers.
General Earthquake-resistance Requirements
Foundations And Foundation Walls
Floor Construction
Light-frame Wall Construction
Cold-formed Steel Construction
Masonry Wall Buildings
Concrete And Insulating Concrete Form Wall Buildings
Stone And Masonry Veneer
Fireplaces And Chimneys
Appendix D: Significant Changes for the 2006 International Residential Code.
Appendix E: References and Additional Resources.
Appendix F: Homebuilder's Guide Project Participants.
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Quote:Elsevier Science | ISBN:0080437516 | 2003-06-01 | PDF | 7800 Pages | 135 MB | PDF
The Treatise on Geochemistry is the first work providing a comprehensive, integrated summarry of the present state of geochemistry. It deals with all the major subjects in the field, ranging from the chemistry of the solar system to environmental geochemistry. The Treatise on Geochemistry has drawn on the expertise of outstanding scientists throughout the world, creating the reference work in geochemistry for the next decade. Each volume consists of fifteen to twenty-five chapters written by recognized authorities in their fields, and chosen by the Volume Editors in consultation with the Executive Editors. Particular emphasis has been placed on integrating the subject matter of the individual chapters and volumes. Elsevier also offers the Treatise on Geochemistry in electronic format via the online platform ScienceDirect?, the most comprehensive database of academic research on the Internet today, enhanced by a suite of sophisticated linking, searching and retrieval tools.
Volume 1:Meteorites, Comets, and Planets, edited by Andrew Davis
1. Origin of the Elements. 2. Presolar Grains. 3. Solar System Abundances of the Elements. 4. The Solar Nebula. 5. Classification of Meteorites. 6. Oxygen Isotopes in Meteorites. 7. Chondrites and their Components. 8. Calcium-Aluminium-rich Inclusion in Chondritic Meteorites. 9. Nebular vs. Parent Body Processing. 10. Structural and Isotopic Analysis of Organic Matter in Carbonaceous Meteorites. 11. Achondrites. 12. Iron and Stony-Iron Meteorites. 13. Cosmic Ray Exposure Ages of Meteorites. 14. Noble Gases. 15. Condensation and Evaporation of Solar System Materials. 16. Early Solar System Chronology. 17. Planet Formation. 18. Mercury. 19. Venus. 20. The Origin and Earliest History of the Earth. 21. The Moon. 22. Mars. 23. Giant Planets. 24. Major Satellites of the Giant Planets.25. Comets. 26. Interplanetary Dust Particles.
Volume 2: The Mantle and Core, edited by Richard Carlson
1. Cosmochemical Estimates of Mantle Composition. 2. Seismology Constraints upon Mantle Composition. 3. Sampling Mantle Heterogeneity through Oceanic Basalts: Isotopes and Trace Elements. 4. Orogenic, Ophiolitic, and Abyssal Peridotites. 5. Mantle Samples Included in Volcanic Rocks: Xenoliths and Diamonds. 6. Noble Gases as Mantle Tracers. 7. Mantle Volatiles - Distribution and Consequences. 8. Melt Extraction and Compositional Variability in Mantle Lithosphere. 9. Trace Element Partitioning under Crystal and Uppermost Mantle Conditions: The Influences of Ionic Radius, Cation Charge, Pressure and Temperature. 10. Partition Coefficients at High Pressure and Temperature. 11. Subduction Zone Processes and Implications for Changing Composition of the Upper and Lower Mantle. 12. Convective Mixing in the Earth's Mantle. 13. Compositional Evolution of the Mantle. 14. Experimental Constraints on Core Composition. 15. Compositional Models for the Earth's Core.
Volume 3:The Crust, edited by Roberta Rudnick
1. Composition of the Continental Crust. 2. Constraints on Crustal Heat Production from Heat Flow Data. 3. Continental Basaltic Rocks. 4. Volcanic Degassing. 5. Timescales of Magma Transfer and Storage in the Crust. 6. Fluid Flow in the Deep Crust. 7. Geochemical Zoning in Metamorphic Minerals. 8. Geochronology and Thermochronology in Orogenic Systems. 9. Continental Crust Subduction and Ultrahigh Pressure Metamorphism. 10. Ages and Growth of the Continental Crust from Radiogenic Isotopes. 11. Granitic Perspectives on the Generation and Secular Evolution of the Continental Crust. 12. Ores in the Earth's Crust. 13. Geochemistry of the Igneous Ocean Crust. 14. Melt Migration in Oceanic Crustal Production: A U-series Perspective. 15. Hydrothermal Alteration Processes. 16. Oceanic Plateaus. 17. Generation of Mobile Components during Subduction of Oceanic Crust. 18. One View of the Geochemistry of Subduction-related Magmatic Arcs, with Emphasis on Primitive Andesite and Lower Crust.
Volume 4:the Atmosphere, edited by Ralph Keeling
1. Ozone, Hydroxyl Radical and Oxidative Capacity. 2. Global Methane Biogeochemistry. 3. Tropospheric Halogen Chemistry. 4. Non-Mass Dependent Isotopic Fractionation Processes: Mechanisms and Recent Observations in Terrestrial and Extra-Terrestrial Environments. 5. The Stable Isotopic Composition of Atmospheric CO². 6. Radiocarbon. 7. Water Stable Isotopes: Atmospheric Composition and Applications in Polar Ice Core Studies. 8. Tropospheric Aerosols. 9. Biomass Burning: The Cycling of Gases and Particulates from the Biosphere to the Atmosphere. 10. Natural Radionuclides in the Atmosphere. 11. The Origin of Noble Gases and Major Volatiles in the Terrestrial Planets. 12. The History of Planetary Degassing as Recorded by Noble Gases.
Volume 5:Surface and Groundwater, Weathering, and Soils, edited by James Drever
1. Soil Formation. 2. Modeling Low-Temperature Geochemical Processes. 3. Reaction Kinetics of Primary Rock-Forming Minerals under Ambient Conditions. 4. Mass Balance Approach to Interpreting Weathering Reactions in Watershed Systems. 5. Natural Weathering Rates of Silicate Minerals. 6. Plants and Mineral Weathering: Present and Past. 7. Geochemical Weathering in Glacial and Proglacial Environments. 8. Global Occurrence of Major Elements in Rivers. 9. Trace Elements in River Waters. 10. Dissolved Organic Matter in Fresh Waters. 11. Stable Isotope Applications in Hydrologic Studies. 12. Radiogenic Isotopes in Weathering and Hydrology. 13. Geochemistry of Saline Lakes. 14. Geochemistry of Ground Water. 15. Ground Water Dating and Residence Time Measurements. 16. Deep Fluids in the Continents: I. Sedimentary Basins. 17. Deep Fluids in the Continents: II. Crystalline Rocks. 18. Soils and Global Change in the Carbon Cycle over Geological Time.
Volume 6:The Oceans and Marine Geochemistry, edited by Harry Elderfield
1. Physico-Chemical Controls on Seawater. 2. Controls of Trace Metals in Seawater. 3. Gases in Seawater. 4. The Biological Pump. 5. Marine Bioinorganic Chemistry: The Role of Trace Metals in the Oceanic Cycles of Major Nutrients. 6. Organic Matter in the Contemporary Ocean. 7. Hydrothermal Processes. 8. Tracers of Ocean Mixing. 9. Chemical Tracers of particle Transport. 10. Biological Fluxes in the Ocean and Atmospheric pCO². 11. Sediment Diagenesis Benthic Flux. 12. Geochronometry of Marine Deposits. 13. Geochemical Evidence for Quaternary Sea-Level Changes. 14. Elemental and Isotopic Proxies of Past Ocean Temperatures. 15. Alkenone Paleotemperature Determinations. 16. Tracers of Past Ocean Circulation. 17. Long-Lived Isotopic Tracers in Oceanography, Paleoceanography and Ice Sheet Dyanmics. 18. the Biological Pump in the Past. 19. The Oceanic CaCO3 Cycle. 20. Records of Cenozoic Ocean Chemistry. 21. The Geologic History of Seawater.
Volume 7:Sediments, Diagenesis, and Sedimentary Rocks, edited by Fred Mackenzie
1. Chemical Composition and Mineralogy of Marine Sediments. 2. Geochemistry of Fine-Grained Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks. 3. The Recycling of Biogenic Material at the Sea Floor. 4. Green Clay Minerals. 5. Late Diagenesis and Mass Transfer in Sandstone-Shale Sequences. 6. Formation and Diagenesis of Carbonate Sediments. 7. The Diagenesis of Biogenic Silica: Chemical Transformations Occurring in the Water Column, Seabed and Crust. 8. Formation and Geochemistry of Precambrian Cherts. 9. Coal Formation and Geochemistry. 10. Formation and Geochemistry of Oil and Gas. 11. Manganiferous Sediments, Rocks, and Ores. 12. Sulfur-rich Sediments. 13. The Geochemistry of Mass Extinction. 14. Chronometry of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks. 15. Evolution of Sedimentary Rocks.
Volume 8:Biogeochemistry, edited by William Schlesinger
1. The Early History of Life. 2. Evolution of Metabolism. 3. Sedimentary Hydrocarbons, Biomarkers for Early Life. 4. Biomineralization. 5. Biogeochemistry of Primary Production in the Sea. 6. Biogeochemistry of Terrestrial Net Primary Production. 7. Biogeochemistry of Decomposition and Detrital Processing. 8. Coupled Anaerobic-Aerobic Metabolism. 9. the Geological History of the Carbon Cycle. 10. The Contemporary Carbon Cycle. 11. The Global Oxygen Cycle. 12. The Global Nitrogen Cycle. 13. The Global Phosphorus Cycle. 14. The Global Sulfur Cycle.
Volume 9: Environmental Geochemistry, edited by Barbara Sherwood Lollar
1. Groundwater and Air Contamination: Risk, Toxicity, Exposure Assessment, Policy and Regulation. 2. Arsenic and Selenium. 3. Heavy Metals in the Environment - Historial Trends. 4. Geochemistry of Mercury in the Environment. 5. The Geochemistry of Acid Mine Drainage. 6. Environmental Geochemistry of Radioactive Contamination. 7. The Medical Geochemistry of Minerals, Dusts, Soils, and Other Earth Materials. 8. Worldwide Eutrophication of Water Bodies: Causes, Concerns, Controls. 9. Salinization and Saline Environments. 10. Acid Deposition and Acid Rain. 11. Tropospheric Ozone and Photochemical Smog. 12. Volatile Fuel Hydrocarbons and MTBE in the Environment. 13. High-Molecular Weight Petrogenic and Pyrogenic Hydrocarbons in Aquatic Environments. 14. Biogeochemistry of Halogenated Hydrocarbons. 15. The Geochemistry of Pesticides. 16. The Geochemistry of Waste Disposal Facilities in Groundwater.
Volume 10: Indexes
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Failure of hydrosystems, such as dams, levees, storm sewers, or pollution control systems, pose threats to the public safety and health as well as potentially inflict enormous damages on properties and environments. Many failures of hydrosystems are mainly attributed by the existence of various uncertainties, including inherent natural randomness and the lack of complete understanding of involved geophysical processes. It is therefore essential to systematically quantify the degree of uncertainty for the problem in hand so that reliability assessment and risk-based design of hydrosystems can be made. The conventional approach of frequency analysis of heavy rainfalls or large floods consider only portion of the uncertainties involved in hydrosystem engineering problems. Over the past two decades or so, there has been a steady growth on the development and application of uncertainty analysis techniques in hydrosystems engineering and other disciplines. The aim of this book is to bring together these uncertainty analysis techniques in one book and to demonstrate their applications and limitations for a wide variety of hydrosystem engineering problems.
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