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Calculation of Power Spectra from Response Spectra
# Author(s): Dieter D. Pfaffinger, M.ASCE, (Partner, Dr. Pfaffinger & Dr. Walden AG, Karl-Stauffer-Str. 9, Zurich, Switzerland)
# Publisher: Journal of Engineering Mechanics, Vol. 109, No. 1, January/February 1983, pp. 357-372
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Seismic Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Columns
M. J. Nigel Priestley, Ravindra Verma, and Yan Xiao
ASCE J. Struct. Engrg. Volume 120, Issue 8, pp. 2310-2329 (August 1994)
Methods of resisting hydrostatic uplift in substructures
by I. H. Wong
Mitic Associates, 95 Cashew Road #03-03, Singapore 679666, Singapore
Received 5 March 2001;
revised 8 May 2001;
accepted 10 May 2001.
Available online 13 August 2001.
Abstract:
Many underground structures are constructed for use as car parks and shops in basements of buildings and as mass rapid transit stations, depressed roadways and civil defense shelters in cities located in coastal areas where the ground is level and the elevations are low, with an attendant high groundwater table. This paper discusses the various methods of resisting hydrostatic uplift. These include the use of tension piles and the installation of a water pressure relief system under the base slab of the basement. A case history in Singapore employing a pressure relief system below a three-level basement is presented.
1. Introduction
2. Mechanism of flotation caused by hydraulic uplift
3. Conventional methods to resist uplift
3.1. Toeing in of base slab into surrounding ground
3.2. Increasing dead weight of structure
3.3. Ground anchors
3.4. Tension piles
4. Design of tension piles
5. Methods to reduce or eliminate uplift
6. Design of under-drain system
6.1. Operating costs
7. Effects of dewatering on adjacent ground and structures
8. Case history Raffles City
8.1. Site conditions
8.2. Performance of under-drain system
9. Beneficial effects of pressure relief system for waterproofing of basement
10. Conclusions
References
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This guide outlines methods for assessing the acceptability of flaws in all types of structures and
components. Although emphasis is placed on welded fabrications in ferritic and austenitic steels and
aluminium alloys, the procedures developed can be used for analysing flaws in structures made from other
metallic materials and in non-welded components or structures. The methods described can be applied at
the design, fabrication and operational phases of a structure’s life.
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Author: John Knight and W.P. Jones | Size: 2.5 MB | Format:PDF | Year: 2004 | pages: 424 | ISBN: 0750657855
Building Services Pocket Book is a unique compendium of essential data, techniques and procedures, best practice, and underpinning knowledge. This makes it an essential tool for engineers involved in the design and day-to-day running of mechanical services in buildings, and a valuable reference for managers, students and engineers in related fields.
This pocket reference gives the reader access to the knowledge and knowhow of the team of professional engineers who wrote the sixteen chapters that cover all aspects of mechanical building services. Topic coverage includes heating systems, ventilation, air conditioning, refrigeration, fans, ductwork, pipework and plumbing, drainage, and fire protection. The result is a comprehensive guide covering the selection of HVAC systems, and the design process from initial drafts through to implementation.
The second edition builds on the success of this popular guide with references to UK and EU legislation fully updated throughout, and coverage fully in line with the latest CIBSE guides.
* The essential toolkit for design engineers, maintenance engineers and students
* Fully updated edition complies with latest UK and EU legislation
* Key mechanical building services data and procedures in one handy volume
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Smart technologies comprise a dynamic new interdisciplinary research field that encompasses a wide spectrum of engineering applications including, but not limited to, intelligent structures and materials, actuators, sensors and structural observability, control systems and software tools for the design of adaptive structures. Smart technologies focus on the issues surrounding the safety and integrity of engineering systems.
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Clear and accessible, Analysing Architecture opens a fresh way to understanding architecture. It offers a unique ‘notebook’ of architectural strategies to present an engaging introduction to elements and concepts in architectural design. Beautifully illustrated throughout with the author’s original drawings, examples are drawn from across the world and many periods of architectural history (from prehistoric times to the recent past) to illustrate analytical themes and to show how drawing can be used to study architecture. Since its first edition appeared in 1997, Analysing Architecture has established itself internationally as one of the key texts in architectural education.
This third edition includes a new section discussing the ways analyzing examples cultivates a capacity for design. Original chapters have been expanded, new case studies added, and the format rearranged for additional clarity. The bibliography of recommended supplementary reading has also been extended.
In Analysing Architecture, Simon Unwin clearly identifies the key elements of architecture and conceptual themes apparent in buildings and relevant to other works of architecture such as gardens and cities. He describes ideas for use in the active process of design. Breaking down the grammar of architecture into themes and ‘moves’, Unwin exposes its underlying patterns to reveal the organizational strategies that lie beneath the superficial appearances of buildings.
Exploring buildings as results of the interaction of people with the world around them, Analysing Architecture offers a definition of architecture as ‘identification of place’ and provides a greater understanding of architecture as a creative discipline. This book presents a powerful impetus for readers to develop their own capacities for architectural design. It will also be of use to all those with an interest in the human occupation of and involvement with space – anthropologists, archaeologists, film-makers, installation artists, planners, urban designers, politicians.
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This guide presents general procedures for evaluation of concrete structures before rehabilitation. Among the subjects covered are: preliminary investigation, detailed investigation, documentation, field observation and condition survey, sampling and material testing, evaluation, and final report. Evaluation to identify seismic deficiencies is beyond the scope of this report.
Keywords: concrete; condition survey, deterioration; distress; evaluation, investigation, rehabilitation; sampling; testing.
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Rigid Pavement (Indonesia & AASHTO) Worksheets
First is Using SNI Code
Second is using AASHTO but ESAL Calculation Using Indonesian PUSTRAN & Bina MArga
SNI
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