Seismic Design, Response Modification and Retrofit of Bridges

Seismic Design, Response Modification and Retrofit of Bridges

This is a lecture note for “Seismic Design, Response Modification and Retrofit of Bridges” at the Graduate Course of the Department of Civil Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan. The scientific and engineering knowledge on the earthquake engineering is described in this note with an emphasis on the application to bridges. Since the contents includes a broad senses on the structural engineering, the structural dynamics, the concrete engineering, the soil mechanics, foundation engineering, the engineering seismology, and the construction engineering, students are required to take those courses before studying this class.
Bridges are unique structures in their structural responses compared to other structures. They are longitudinally lengthy. There are various types of superstructures, substructures, and foundations as shown in Figs. P-1, P-2, P-3, and P-4 (Road Maintenance Technology Center 1996), with complex geometries and dynamic response characteristics. However, bridges have a lower degree of static indeterminacy than buildings. Hence failure of a part of structural element such as columns or foundations likely results in a collapse of the entire bridge system. Effect of the soil-structure interaction and the spatial variation of ground motions are significant in bridges than buildings. Since bridges are a vital component of transportation system, bridges should have sufficient seismic safety in an earthquake.
The 1989 Loma Prieta, the 1994 Northridge, the 1995 Kobe, the 1999 Taiwan and the Turkey earthquakes caused significant damage to bridges and these events together with the research triggered as a consequence of past earthquakes has led to significant advances in seismic engineering of bridges.
This lecture note shows the recent technologies for seismic design, seismic response modification, and seismic retrofit of bridges. Past seismic damage of bridges, characterizations of ground motion, dynamic response analysis methods, seismic response characteristics of bridges, and strength and ductility of reinforced concrete columns are also described.

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LEED-New Construction Project Management

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A one-stop guide to managing a LEED-New Construction project and mastering the tools to make the process more efficient.
LEED-New Construction Project Management guides architects, engineers, and contractors in managing high-performance commercial and institutional projects. First-time LEED users can refer to the book to cut down on time spent understanding and creating their own project management systems. LEED Project Managers will be equipped with tools to manage and implement a LEED project more efficiently and effectively. Project Team Members will get a better understanding on their roles and responsibilities in the implementation of a LEED project. Building owners and developers will get a big picture overview on the steps involved in getting a building LEED certified. There currently is no single defined methodology available for actual management of a LEED project. This GreenSource guide fills the need for a LEED project management roadmap.
LEED-New Construction Project Management features:
Practical, useful, guidance and tools that can be taken straight to the project for implementation
A focus on theory as well as practical “how-to-get things done” items
Helpful illustrations, including spreadsheets, diagrams, tables, charts, and examples that simplify understanding of the content
Step-by-step coverage of LEED-New Construction project management
The Emergence of the LEED Rating System; How to Best manage LEED Projects; Doing the Ground Work: Project Definition and Goal Setting; Integrating with Design: Design Phase Activities; Implementing During Construction: Construction Phase Activities; What Lies Ahead
Table of contents

Chapter 1. The Emergence of the LEED Rating System;
Chapter 2. How to Best manage LEED Projects;
Chapter 3. Doing the Ground Work: Project Definition and Goal Setting;
Chapter 4. Integrating with Design: Design Phase Activities;
Chapter 5. Implementing During Construction: Chapter 6. Construction Phase Activities;
Chapter 7. What Lies Ahead
Biographical note

Vijaya Yellamraju, LEED AP is Principal at Green Potential, a green building and LEED consulting firm based in Austin, Texas. She is responsible for leading the technical and operational aspects of the business, providing direction to developers, architects, contractors, and other project team members for successful integration of green strategies into the design process. Ms. Yellamraju has worked on numerous green and LEED projects, with a focus on multifamily and commercial buildings. She is a trained architect, and earned an M.S. in architecture specializing in energy and sustainable design. She has several years of experience in the architecture and construction industry and has managed many multimillion-dollar projects in the United States and India.

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Increasing Seismic safety by Combining Engineering Technologies and Seismological Data