Groundwater constitute the most important reservoir of available clean water. Due to its overexploitation, some anthropogenic mismanagement on the surface and the overloading of the cleanup potential of subsurface, many of the groundwater systems used for water supply are in jeopardy. The problem is very severe in dry-lands, but also in urban, industrial, agricultural and traffic areas.
This book first discusses the recharge fluxes relating both to the quantity and quality of groundwater. In order to face the threats to the water supply and to be able to maintain a sustainable water management policy, detailed knowledge is needed in between others on the surface to subsurface transformation link in the water cycle. Secondly, the presentation and comparison of both the traditional and modern approach to determine groundwater recharge is discussed. The traditional approach to determine groundwater recharge, is based on water balance estimates and hydraulic considerations, which yield instantaneous values at best but do not integrate the totality of recharge pathways in time and space. In contrast, environmental tracers do integrate these factors. Finally, the fate of groundwater recharge in the subsurface by hydraulic and geologic means is discussed in detail, in order to stimulate adapted groundwater management strategies and to better assess consequences of climate changes on groundwater resources as a whole.
Audience
This book will be of interest to hydrologists, hydro-geologists, engineers, geographers, agronomists, soil scientists, groundwater modellers, environmental physicists, limnologists
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The Nemetschek Engineering Group is happy to announce the winners of its seventh International User Contest, edition 2011.
Congratulations to all winners and nominees...
Cat. 1 - Buildings: Prodis plus s.r.o. - River House - Bratislava (SK)
Cat. 2 - Civil Structures: amsler bombeli et associés sa - Hans Wilsdorf Bridge - Geneva (CH)
Cat. 3 - Industrial Buildings & Plants: STATIKA s.r.o. - Warehouse for Spent Fuel - Temelín (CZ)
Cat. 4 - Industrialized Planning: Movares - Fly-Over - Kerensheide (NL)
Cat. 5 - Special Projects: Tractebel Engineering - The Confluences Museum - Lyon (F)
Special Jury BIM Prize: Inginerie Structurala - Orchidea Tower - Bucharest (RO)
Link to download book is:
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TECHNICAL CALCULATION AND ESTIMATOR'S MAN-HOUR MANUAL
by Marko Bulic
TOC
I. PIPING ABOVE GROUND
II. PIPELINES
III. STEEL STRUCTURES
IV. PROCESS EQUIPMENT
V. STORAGE TANKS CYLINDRICAL AND SPHEROIDAL
VI. WELDING AND FLAME CUTTING
VII. CORROSION PROTECTION
VIII. THERMAL INSULATION
IX. ESTIMATES
X. PIPING ABOVE GROUND ESTIMATE POINTS FOR BUILD-IN ITEMS
XI. WEIGHT FACTORS
XII. TECHNICAL CALCULATION MANNER OF DATAS COMPILING
XIII. MAN HOURS FOR OVERHAULS IN PETROCHEMICAL PLANTS
XIV. FACTORS AND MAN HOURS FOR PIPING AND STEEL STRUCTURE WORKS IN CALL FOR TENDERS OF “TECHNIP” COMPANY
XV. APPENDIX
The ASME and API new construction codes and standards for pressurized equipment provide rules for the design, fabrication, inspection and testing of new pressure vessels, piping systems, and storage tanks. These codes do not provide rules to evaluate equipment that degrades while in-service and deficiencies due to degradation or from original fabrication that may be found during subsequent inspections. API 510, API 570, API 653, and NB-23 Codes/Standards for the inspection, repair, alteration, and rerating of in- service pressure vessels, piping systems, and storage tanks do address the fact that equipment degrades while in service. Fitness-For-Service (FFS) assessments are quantitative engineering evaluations that are performed to demonstrate the structural integrity of an in-service component that may contain a flaw or damage. This Standard provides guidance for conducting FFS assessments using methodologies specifically prepared for pressurized equipment. The guidelines provided in this Standard can be used to make run-repair-replace decisions to help determine if pressurized equipment containing flaws that have been identified by inspection can continue to operate safely for some period of time. These FFS assessments are currently recognized and referenced by the API Codes and Standards (510, 570, & 653), and by NB-23 as suitable means for evaluating the structural integrity of pressure vessels, piping systems and storage tanks where inspection has revealed degradation and flaws in the equipment.
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Author: S Al Laham | Size: 1.6 MB | Format:PDF | Publisher: British Energy Generation | Year: 1998 | pages: 224
This report provides a collation of stress intensity factor and limit load solutions for defective components. It includes the Stress Intensity Factor (SIFs) in the R6 Code software and in other computer programs, which have not previously been contained in a single source reference. This document has been produced as part of the BRITE-URAM project SINTAP which aims to develop a defect assessment approach for the European Community. Most of the solutions presented in this document were collated from industry and establishments in the UK (Nuclear Electric Ltd, Magnox Electric Plc and HSE), Sweden (SAQ Kontroll AB) and Germany (Fraunhofer IWM, and GKSS). The solutions are compared to standard solutions published elsewhere and to those in the American Petroleum Institute document API 579. In this second issue, the quality of the figures has been improved, minor typographical errors found in the previous issue have been corrected, and comments from partners in SINTAP have been addressed.
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Construction of soil and aggregate layers on steep slopes or over potential voids is becoming more common in many areas of the country. This is because the construction of new waste containment and liquid impoundment facilities and the expansion or closing of old waste facilities has become environmentally necessary to assure protection of groundwater supplies. Often these facilities must be designed to maximize storage volume, creating steep slopes, or to overcome inadequate foundation conditions, including foundation voids, while incorporating the best available containment technology. Thus designers are commonly faced with assuring the integrity and stability of sophisticated containment systems constructed on steep slopes and over void-prone foundations.
To assure optimal performance, state-of-the-art waste containment systems commonly include both conventional soil materials as well as geosynthetics. Yet, system instability or damage may result when soil - geosynthetic layers are placed on a steep slope or over a void. Reinforcing these soil layers provides a cost effective means to achieve long-term stability of soil - geosynthetic lining systems.
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Author: Klaas Jan Bakker | Size: 8.3 MB | Format:PDF | Publisher: Taylor & Francis | Year: 2000 | pages: 236 | ISBN: 9789058093219
Models for structural analysis are needed in order to design safe and reliable soil-retaining structures. This study evaluates numerical models, mostly based on finite element techniques. This book provides a frame of reference for verification and validation of these models.
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Please Upload these pappers if anyone has access to them :
1.Sabelli R., Pottebaum, W., Dean, B. (2009). “Diaphragms for seismic loading,” Structural Engineer, Part 1, January, pp. 24-29, Part 2, February 2009, pp. 22-23.
2.Rodriguez, M.E., Restrepo, J.I., and Blandón, J.J. (2007). “Seismic design forces for rigid floor diaphragms in precast concrete building structures,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 133 (11) November 2007, pp. 1604-1615.
3.Nakaki, S.D. (2000). “Design guidelines for precast and cast-in-place concrete diaphragms,” EERI professional fellowship report, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Oakland, CA.
4.Corley, W.G., Cluff, L., Hilmy, S., Holmes, W., Wight, J. (1996). “Concrete parking structures,” Northridge Report Vol. 2, Earthquake Spectra, V. 11, Supplement C, pp. 75-98.
5.SEAOC (2009). “Concrete parking structures,” The SEAOC Blue Book: seismic design recommendations, Structural Engineers Association of California, Sacramento
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