Organisation of the thesis
The thesis consists of ten chapters and three appendices. These can be summarised as follows:
Chapter 1 provides an introduction, raising the problems associated with the analysis and design of steel frame structures. The main features of a design optimization problem are then discussed. The literature review of the design optimisation of steel frameworks is also demonstrated. Finally, the aim of research and overview of the thesis are presented.
Chapter 2 describes in details the design procedure as required by the British Codes of Practice. The chapter ends with describing methods used, in the present study, to represent the charts of the effective length factor of column in sway and non-sway frames into a computer code. Here, analytical solutions are obtained using regression analysis based on Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and genetic programming methodology.
Chapter 3 starts with studying the stability concept, historical background about the stability problem of steel frames. It then discusses the methods of analysis, which are used for the determination of the effective buckling length of columns in sway and nonsway frameworks. A FORTRAN code based on the direct method is developed and verified using results from the literature and the finite element package (ANSYS).
In Chapter 4, the stability concept of steel frame structures has been applied where the general forms of the critical buckling load of five frameworks are obtained using the direct method of analysis. The finite element package (ANSYS) is also used to verify the results obtained from these forms. Comparisons have been made between the effective buckling length factor calculated by the more accurate analysis (direct method or finite element method) and that determined by the approach presented by BS 5950.
Finally, four questions are raised, and the answers will be given in the following chapters.
Chapter 5 introduces main features and formulation of the design optimisation problem. It also discusses the most frequently used methods of design optimization. Here, the concept of genetic algorithm is described in detail.
Chapter 6 describes the developed GA, new implementations, tuning of genetic algorithm parameters and comprehensive tests are presented. Different crossover operators are implemented and also tested. Comparisons between results obtained by the developed algorithm and those described in the literature or those obtained when
using the ANSYS optimization methodology are also presented.
Chapter 7 is concerned with assessing the potential of the developed genetic algorithm to the treatment of complicated structural problems. Here, the maximum ratio between the effective buckling length factor determined by the approach presented by BS 5950 and the calculated by using the finite element analysis is investigated. Three problems are formulated and solutions are obtained for different examples.
Chapter 8 presents a genetic algorithm based technique for the design optimization of multi-storey steel frame structures according to BS 5950. In this chapter, it has been proven that the developed genetic algorithm linked to design rules to B S5950 can successfully be incorporated in design optimization in which the structural members are required to be selected from the available catalogue and the design should satisfy a practical design situation. In the formulation of the optimization problem, the objective function is the total weight of the structure and constraints are imposed on the design
criteria as required by the British codes of practice (BS 5950 and BS 6399). The design variables are selected from a catalogue (British Standard BS 4). In addition, to study the effect of the accuracy of determining the effective buckling length on the optimization process and the obtained optimum designs, three approaches for determining its value are considered. Finally, In order to verify the results achieved by applying the developed Fortran code for design optimization, the CSC (1998) software is used.
Chapter 9 extends the study of chapter 8 to the discrete optimum design of threedimensional (3D) steel frame structures using the modified genetic algorithm (GA). Following the design procedure of steel structures to BS 5950, the minimum weight design of 3D steel frame structures is presented where the most unfavourable loading cases are considered. The CSC (1998) software is also used to verify results.
Chapter 10 shows the main achievements, conclusions followed by recommendations for several promising area of further work.
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Dear All,
I am currently looking for two books in Ocean Engineering and Naval Architecture. These two books are a part of knovel collection that some university can have a full access. The details of the books are as follows:
(1) Title:Principles of Naval Architecture Series - Strength of Ships and Ocean Structures
Publisher:Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (SNAME)
ISBN:978-0-939773-66-4
Electronic ISBN:978-1-61583-667-3
No. Pages:235
Author/Editor:By: Mansour, Alaa; Liu, Donald
KNOVEL URL:
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(2) Title:Subsea Pipeline Engineering (2nd Edition)
Publisher:PennWell
ISBN:978-1-59370-133-8
Electronic ISBN:978-1-61583-801-1
No. Pages:687
Author/Editor:By: Palmer, Andrew C.; King, Roger A.
KNOVEL URL:
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I am looking for the standard BS EN ISO 15630 "Steel for the reinforcement and prestressing of concrete - Test methods", parts 1, 2 and 3 as follows:
1. BS EN ISO 15630-1:2010 Steel for the reinforcement and prestressing of concrete - Test methods - Part 1: Reinforcing bars, wire rod and wire.
2. BS EN ISO 15630-2:2010 Steel for the reinforcement and prestressing of concrete - Test methods - Part 2: Welded fabric.
3. BS EN ISO 15630-3:2010 Steel for the reinforcement and prestressing of concrete - Test methods - Part 3: Prestressing steel.
If someone of you have them or could find them, please share them.
Regards
IR
Product Description
A retractable roof structure is one in which all or part of the roof can be moved or drawn back within a short period of time. Small-sized retractable roof structures have existed for a long time, but the construction and world-wide spread of large-sized systems, for instance in sporting facilities, is a relatively recent phenomenon. Such structures have inherent advantages over conventional roofs but many of their features cannot be conceived or discussed using established architectural concepts, and some of the issues connected with them, including safety, cannot be handled by existing standards.
Presenting state-of-the-art data, design guidelines and recommendations for retractable roof structures, this book is based on the findings of a working group established by the International Association of Shell and Spatial Structures (IASS). International in perspective, it contains discussion of two kinds of system: 1) Non-collapsible rigid frame type structures with rigid or flexible material stretched between frames and, 2) folding membrane types such as tents and pneumatics.
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Product Description
The comprehensive guide to construction tolerances, newly revised and updated
How much may a steel frame be out of plumb? What are the expected variations of a precast concrete panel? What is required to successfully detail finish materials on masonry?
Updating and expanding on its popular first edition, the Handbook of Construction Tolerances, Second Edition remains the only comprehensive reference to the thousands of industry standard tolerances for the manufacture, fabrication, and installation of construction materials and components-- including all-important accumulated dimensional variations.
Covering new materials and techniques developed since the book was first published, the Second Edition of this easy-to-use reference features:
* More than 100 drawings illustrating the tolerance concepts
* New sections on measuring compliance with tolerance standards; right-of-way construction; autoclaved aerated concrete; tilt-up concrete panels; interior stone wall cladding; structural insulated panels; decorative architectural glass; laminated architectural flat glass and bent glass
* New guidelines on how to incorporate tolerance requirements in drawings and specifications
* New information on how to apply tolerance information during contract administration
With the Handbook, architects, engineers, contractors, interior designers, lawyers, and others involved in the construction industry will be armed with the information they need to design and detail more accurately, write better specifications, establish normal practice and standards of care, supervise construction, settle worksite disputes, and save time and money at every stage of building.
From the Back Cover
The comprehensive guide to construction tolerances, newly revised and updated
How much may a steel frame be out of plumb? What are the expected variations of a precast concrete panel? What is required to successfully detail finish materials on masonry?
Updating and expanding on its popular first edition, the Handbook of Construction Tolerances, Second Edition remains the only comprehensive reference to the thousands of industry standard tolerances for the manufacture, fabrication, and installation of construction materials and components—— including all-important accumulated dimensional variations.
Covering new materials and techniques developed since the book was first published, the Second Edition of this easy-to-use reference features:
More than 100 drawings illustrating the tolerance concepts
New sections on measuring compliance with tolerance standards; right-of-way construction; autoclaved aerated concrete; tilt-up concrete panels; interior stone wall cladding; structural insulated panels; decorative architectural glass; laminated architectural flat glass and bent glass
New guidelines on how to incorporate tolerance requirements in drawings and specifications
New information on how to apply tolerance information during contract administration
With the Handbook, architects, engineers, contractors, interior designers, lawyers, and others involved in the construction industry will be armed with the information they need to design and detail more accurately, write better specifications, establish normal practice and standards of care, supervise construction, settle worksite disputes, and save time and money at every stage of building.
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Author: Fritz Leonhardt | Size: 51.0 MB | Format:PDF | Publisher: The MIT Press; Bilingual edition | Year: 1984 | pages: 306 | ISBN: 0262121050
Review
"Fritz Leonhardt has been the most important innovator in the design of bridges in Europe since the Second World War. He has been responsible for many of the most original and exciting bridges built in Germany as part of the reconstruction program and the expansion of the Autobahn network. During this time he has developed a keen awareness of the principles of structural behavior and how to express them elegantly.... Leonhardt is at his best when showing why particular design decisions have led to a satisfactory overall bridge concept and in showing how the detailing changes one's perception of a bridge's form ... it is a beautiful and comprehensive book which I feel will be indispensable to anyone wishing to design bridges or to anyone interested in the art of bridge making."
—Peter Rice, Architectural Review
Product Description
This beautifully illustrated book describes the development of bridges from the primitive wooden beam and masonry arch to today's large steel and prestressed concrete structures spanning rivers and valleys and highways. The author, who has taught at the University of Stuttgart for many years, is one of Europe's leading structural engineers. This is his account of what he has learned from a lifetime devoted to the design of bridges. His selection of photographs, including over 300 in full color, is exceptional, with examples chosen to illustrate key design ideas. Care has been taken to show each bridge from the best possible angle with attention to depth, detail, and color.
Chapters take up design and aesthetics in bridge construction, discussing the influence of alignment and of building materials, and cover particular kinds of structures such as old stone bridges, bridges at grade-separated junctions, elevated streets, large beam bridges, large arch and frame bridges, and cable-stayed and suspension bridges.
Bridges is included in The MIT Press Series in Structural Mechanics, edited by H. Max Irvine.
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A reflection of the myriad changes in the field of environmental analysis and the emergence of many new classes of pollutants in recent years, the second edition of Handbook of Environmental Analysis: Chemical Pollutants in Air, Water, Soil, and Solid Wastes covers all aspects of environmental analysis. Completely revised and updated to include new analytical techniques as well as additional chemical structures and reactions, this second edition retains the features — clarity of prose, pertinent examples, and authoritative coverage of a wide range of toxic pollutants — that made the first edition a bestseller.
New and updated information in the Second Edition:
* Chapters on emerging pollutants such as pharmaceuticals, household products, nonionic surfactants, steroids, hormones, flame-retardants, and plasticizers
* Chapters on oxyhalides, glyphosate herbicides, oil and grease, disinfection by-products, and haloacetic acids
* A chapter on radioactivity
* Updated NIOSH methods on air analysis
* Revised content on gas chromatography and mass spectrometry
* US EPA and Standard Methods
The book provides information on an array of topics from instrumentations, analytical techniques, and sample preparations to statistical calculations, chemical structures, and equations. It includes information on many alternative analytical procedures, making this edition more informative and versatile than its predecessor. It presents the tools and techniques required to measure a wide range of toxic pollutants in our environment.
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Verification and Implementation of Strut-and-Tie Model in LRFD Bridge Design Specifications
Author: Barney T. Martin, Jr., Ph.D., P.E. Modjeski and Masters, Inc. 301 Manchester Road, Poughkeepsie, NY 12603 David H. Sanders, Ph.D. University of Nevada Reno | Size: 6.23 MB | Format:PDF | Year: 2007 | pages: 281
This study was requested by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), and conducted as part of National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 20-07. The NCHRP is supported by annual voluntary contributions from the state Departments of Transportation. Project 20-07 is intended to fund quick response
studies on behalf of the AASHTO Standing Committee on Highways. The report was prepared by Barney T. Martin Jr., Ph.D., P.E., Wagdy Wassef, Ph.D., P.E. and Thomas A. Cole of Modjeski and Masters, Inc. and David H. Sanders, Ph.D., P.E. and Neil Bahen, Graduate Student, of the University of Nevada Reno. The work was guided by a task group which
included Sue Hida, William Nickas, Steve Stroh, Chris White, and Reid Castrodale. The project was managed by David B. Beal, P.E., NCHRP Senior Program Officer.
DIRECT LINKS
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Author: Arthur W. Leissa, Mohamad S. Qatu | Size: 4.8 MB | Format:PDF | Publisher: McGraw Hill | Year: 2011 | pages: 528 | ISBN: 0071714790
IN-DEPTH INFORMATION ON THE VIBRATIONS OF CONTINUOUS SYSTEMS
Written by experts in the field, Vibrations of Continuous Systems expalins the vibrational behavior of basic structural components and elements. Several real-world applications in various fields, including acoustics and aerospace, mechanical, civil, and biomedical engineering, are highlighted. The book includes the derivation of the governing equations of motion and emphasizes the interplay between mathematics and physical understanding. Challenging end-of-chapter problems reinforce the concepts presented in this detailed guide.
COVERAGE INCLUDES:
Transverse vibrations of strings
Longitudinal and torsional vibrations of bars
Beam vibrations
Membrane vibrations
Plate vibrations
Shell vibrations
Vibrations of three-dimensional bodies
Vibrations of composite continuous systems
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