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  Energy efficient pumping systems - a design guide
Posted by: bashir999 - 06-18-2011, 10:55 AM - Forum: Other Materials (Wood, Brick, etc.) - Replies (1)


Energy efficient pumping systems - a design guide

Author: Parsloe C. | Size: 5.5 MB | Format: PDF | Publisher: BSRIA | Year: 2011 | pages: 47 | ISBN: 9780860226925


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Abstract
Europump estimate that systems could be 30 to 50% more energy efficient by careful consideration of components, design and installation. This report provides recommendations on the design of energy efficient pumping systems, focussing on; Pump energy fundamentals, Pipe sizing, Pipe layout, System control issues, and Commissioning issues.


Subject(s)
Building services
Miscellaneous building services
Pumps and valves
Special subject areas
Environmental issues/energy

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  ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF HAMMER HEAD BRIDGE PIER USING STRUT AND TIE METHOD
Posted by: ptqc06 - 06-18-2011, 04:05 AM - Forum: Concrete - No Replies



ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF HAMMER HEAD BRIDGE PIER USING STRUT AND TIE METHOD

Size: 1.81 MB | Format: PDF

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The main advantages of truss model are their transparency and adaptability to arbitrary
geometric and loading configuration. In strut-and-tie modeling, the internal stresses are
transferred through a truss mechanism. The tensile ties and compressive struts serve as
truss members connected by nodal zones. The advantages have been thrust into the back
ground by several recent developments of design equations based on truss models,
The present study is focus on developing a uniform design procedure for applying the
strut-and-tie modeling method to hammerhead pier. A study was conducted using
hammerhead piers that were previously designed using the strength method specified by
code. This structure was completed and had put into service. During the inspection,
cracks were observed on the piers. The scope of this study is to highlight the application
of a newer generation strut-and-tie model, which is not practice at the time of the
original design. Depth to span ratios varies from 1.5 to 2.11 and the girders are
transferring loads very close to the support edge, making these hammerheads ideals
candidates for strut-and-tie application. This study only focus on comparison the
reinforcement detail drawing produce previously designed using the strength method,
and reinforcing requirement using strut-and-tie model.
Based on the design studies, a well-defined procedure for designing a hammerhead pier
utilizing the strut-and-tie model was established that may be used by bridge engineers.
There could be numerous reasons for the crack to develop. Shrinkage, stress
concentration or some erection condition may be a few of them

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  AS/NZS 2033:2008+A1 Instalation of Polyethylene Pipe System
Posted by: ir_71 - 06-18-2011, 03:59 AM - Forum: Codes, Manual & Handbook - No Replies

AS/NZS 2033:2008+A1 Instalation of Polyethylene Pipe System

Size: 0.5 MB | Format: PDF | Publisher: Standards Australia and New Zealand | Year: 2008 | pages: 49 | ISBN: 0733787053

[Image: 69390405150963262728.jpg]


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  Strut-and-tie modelling of reinforced concrete pile caps
Posted by: ptqc06 - 06-18-2011, 03:54 AM - Forum: Concrete - No Replies

Strut-and-tie modelling of reinforced concrete pile caps

Size: 11.5 MB | Format: PDF

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Shear failure is an important failure mode for pile caps, civil engineering structures in
reinforced concrete, often used as substructures for bridges. However, while relatively
thin slabs, such as flat slabs for office buildings, have been subjected to intense research
in the past, there is a lack of generic models for thicker structures today and building
codes are still based on less appropriate empirical or semi-empirical models. For this
reason, the design of pile caps for shear failures, and punching failure in particular,
often results in dense reinforced structures. A rational approach to shear failures in
three-dimensional structures is needed to provide a safe and efficient design of pile
caps

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  LOG OUT PROBLEMS
Posted by: pedzaquino - 06-18-2011, 02:52 AM - Forum: Archive - Replies (7)

i'm having problem logging out from civilea. when i click on the log out tab, the message "You have successfully been logged out" will appear, but when it's back in the forum index it shows i'm still logged in.

please check, thanks

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  OFFSHORE STANDARD DNV-OS-C502 OFFSHORE CONCRETE STRUCTURES
Posted by: ir_71 - 06-17-2011, 01:57 PM - Forum: Non-English written codes - Replies (1)

OFFSHORE STANDARD DNV-OS-C502 OFFSHORE CONCRETE STRUCTURES

Author: DET NORSKE VERITAS | Size: 10.7 MB | Format: PDF | Publisher: DET NORSKE VERITAS | Year: 2004 | pages: 100

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301 The standard is applicable to Design, Construction, Inspection and Maintenance of Offshore Concrete Structures, using concrete as the structural material in the support structure as defiied in 302 below.
302 The standard can be used in the structural design of the following types of support structures:
~ GBS (Gravity Based Structures) offshore concrete structures for oil/gas production
~ GBS structures for oil/gas production with oil storage facility
~ Floating concrete structures for production of oil/gas. The structure may be of any type floating structure, i.e. Tension leg platform (TLP), Column stabilised units and Barge type units
~ Concrete harbours
~ Artificial concrete export/import harbours, either floating or fixed and with storage facilities, allowing transport of articles and goods with small boats to the artificial harbour
for reloading on large sea going vessels. Cargo may be different types or ore or oil/gas
~ Deep water caisson type concrete foundation of bridges
~ Floating foundations for bridges, parking houses or storage buildings.
303 Appendices A to F are appended to the standard. These appendices contain guidelines for the design of Offshore Concrete Structures.
304 Floating Offshore Concrete structures shall be designed with freeboard and intact stability in accordance with DNVOS-
C301. For temporary phases the stability shall be in accordance with DNV Rules for Planning and Execution of Marine Operations.
305 The development and design of new concepts for Offshore Concrete Structures requires a systematic hazard identification process in order to mitigate the risk to an acceptable risk level. Hazard identification is therefore a central tool in this standard in order to identiSl hazards and mitigate these to an acceptable risk level.

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  OFFSHORE STANDARD DNV-OS-C503 CONCRETE LNG TERMINAL STRUCTURES AND CONTAINMENT SYSTEM
Posted by: ir_71 - 06-17-2011, 01:40 PM - Forum: Non-English written codes - No Replies

OFFSHORE STANDARD DNV-OS-C503 CONCRETE LNG TERMINAL STRUCTURES AND CONTAINMENT SYSTEMS

Author: DET NORSKE VERITAS | Size: 5.8 MB | Format: PDF | Publisher: DET NORSKE VERITAS | Year: 2004 | pages: 58

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301 The standard is applicable to LNG Export and Import Terminal Structures using concrete as the structural material in the support structure as defined in 302 and 303 below.
302 LNG Export Terminal Structures LNG export terminals are, by nature, located near the coast and are designed to liquesl the natural gas which will then be loaded onto LNG carriers. An LNG export terminal generally includes: an incoming natural gas metering and receiving station, including in the case of a two phase incoming pipeline, a slug catcher condensate stabilisation and storage gas treatment units in which any acid gases, water, heavier hydrocarbons and, if appropriate, mercury which might be present in the incoming gas are extracted liquefaction units which produce LNG and within which, ethane, propane, commercial butane, heavier hydrocarbons and nitrogen can be extracted. A proportion of the extracted hydrocarbons can be used as refrigerant make up. A liquefaction unit uses very specific equipment such as cryogenic spool-wound or brazed plate-fin exchangers and high-powered turbo compression units. Two refrigerant cycles in cascade are usually employed LNG storage tanks and the relevant loading plants for filling LNG carriers generation andor purchase and distribution of the utilities necessary for the plant to operate (electricity, steam, cooling water, compressed air, nitrogen, fuel gas etc.) general off-site installations, (gas and liquid flare systems, effluent treatment, fiie fighting systems etc.). Most of the gas treating steps can be commonly found in gas treatment plant for the production of sales gas. e.g. acid gas removal, dehydration, hydrocarbon dew point and liquid natural gas (LNG) recovery.
303 LNG Import Terminals
LNG import terminals are designed to receive LNG from LNG carriers, to unload, store and convert it into the gaseous phase for sending it out to the gas network or gas consumers. Thus an LNG receiving terminal provides several essential functions which are:
~ unloading
~ storage
~ LNG recovery and pressurising
~ vaporising
~ gas quality adjustment.
304 Appendices A-D are appended to the standard. These appendices contain guidelines for the design of Terminals in accordance with approach for Land LNG Terminal Structures in accordance with the approach used for the design of Land LNG Terminal Structures modified with the environmental condition of an offshore terminal.
305 The standard is combining the design and construction experience from the fixedfloating offshore structures DNVOS- C502, DNV Rules for Classification of Ships Pt.5 Ch.5, IMO - IGC Code “the International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk” and the experience from design and construction of land based storage tank for LNG as presented in EN-1473 andNFPA 59A.
306 For the detailed design of primary steel containment tanks reference is made to Rules for Classification of Ships Part 5 Chapter 5, IGC- IMO Code, EN-1473 and NFPA 59A. See Appendices C “General Design Principles LNG Containment Structures” and D “Detailed Structural Design of Containment System” for Guidelines for the design of the primary steel containment tanks in accordance with conventional tanks at land. The environmental impact on offshore terminals are included in these guidelines.
307 On ships, the IGC-IMO type B independent tanks are widely used. These tanks are designed, constructed and inspected in accordance with the requirements in the IGC - IMO Code. The DNV Rules for Classification of Ships Part 5 Section 5 gives detailed requirements for the design of Independent tanks Type B. Site specific data shall be considered in the design of Terminal Structures and Containment Systems.
308 The development and design of new concepts for LNG terminals requires a systematic hazard identification process in order to mitigate the risk to an acceptable risk level. Hazard
identification is therefore a central tool in this standard in order to identiSl hazards and mitigate these to an acceptable risk level.

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  SOFiSTiK Forum
Posted by: giga - 06-17-2011, 01:37 PM - Forum: Archive - No Replies

Hi to all
Does anybody know any good english ( or other ) forum about SOFiSTiK Software,
I know one which is official ( at official german site ) forum, but really poor with discussions.

Thanks

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  OFFSHORE STANDARD DNV-OS-C105 STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF TLPS (LRFD METHOD)
Posted by: ir_71 - 06-17-2011, 01:27 PM - Forum: Non-English written codes - No Replies

OFFSHORE STANDARD DNV-OS-C105 STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF TLPS (LRFD METHOD)

Author: DET NORSKE VERITAS | Size: 0.3 MB | Format: PDF | Publisher: DET NORSKE VERITAS | Year: 2007 | pages: 29

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301 A TLP is usually applied for drilling, production and export of hydrocarbons. Storage may also be a TLP function.
302 A TLP may be designed to function in different modes, typically operation and survival. Also horizontal movement (e.g. by use of catenary or taut mooring) of TLP above wells may be relevant. Limiting design criteria when going from one mode of operation to another shall be established.
303 The TLP unit should also be designed for transit relocation, if relevant.
304 For novel designs, or unproved applications of designs where limited, or no direct experience exists, relevant analyses and model testing shall be performed which clearly demonstrate that an acceptable level of safety can be obtained, i.e. safety level is not inferior to that obtained when applying this standard to traditional designs.
305 Requirements concerning riser systems are given in DNV-OS-F201.
306 In case of application of a catenary or taut mooring system in combination with tendons, reference is made to DNVOS-E301.
307 Requirements related to stability (intact and damaged) are given in Sec.6 for ULS condition and Sec.8 for ALS condition.

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  BS EN 13747:2005 Precast concrete products — Floor plates for floor systems
Posted by: ir_71 - 06-17-2011, 03:37 AM - Forum: British Standards (BS) - Replies (2)

BS EN 13747:2005 Precast concrete products — Floor plates for floor systems

Author: CEN/TC 229 | Size: 1.3 MB | Format: PDF | Publisher: CEN | Year: 2005 | pages: 88

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This European standard deals with the requirements, the basic performance criteria and evaluation of conformity for precast floor plates made of reinforced or prestressed normal weight concrete according to EN 1992-1-1:2004, used in conjunction with cast-in-situ concrete (topping) for the construction of composite floor slabs. Annex B gives different types of composite slabs made with floor plates. These floor plates, with or without void formers, can include lattice girders or stiffening ribs incorporated during the precasting. They shall be manufactured in factories by casting, slip forming or extrusion. The products covered by this standard are intended to be used as part of structural floors in applications such as:
- floors and roofs of buildings (including industrial and storage buildings, public buildings as schools, hospitals, etc.);
- parking/circulation areas;
- cover for culverts;
- etc.
The products may be used in seismic areas provided they fulfil the requirements specific to this use.
This standard does not cover:
- reinforced floor plates with a nominal thickness less than 40 mm;
- prestressed floor plates with a nominal thickness less than 50 mm;
- floor plates with a very smooth upper face, such as defined in 6.2.5 of EN 1992-1-1:2004.

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