Author: Budge, Aaron S Burdorf, Michael J | Size: 2.41 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Transportation Research Board | Year: 2011 | pages: 99 | ISBN: 9780309213158
This report presents a practical process for determining an agency's full costs associated with performing highway maintenance. The process can be applied to any specific maintenance activity and ensures that the resulting full cost incorporates a fair share of both maintenance program and enterprise support costs. In addition, the report documents the application of the full cost determination process for a number of state departments of transportation and different maintenance activities to demonstrate the types of options, exceptions, and decisions that would be needed in order to perform the full cost calculation. The material contained in the report should be of immediate interest to state maintenance engineers and others involved in the maintenance of highway infrastructure.
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Subgrade Stabilization ME Properties Evaluation and Implementation
Author: Budge, Aaron S Burdorf, Michael J | Size: 1.00 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Minnesota State University | Year: 2012 | pages: 139 | ISBN: -
The state and many counties throughout Minnesota are using a variety of subgrade stabilization techniques for various materials used in road construction. Such methods appear to improve constructability and lead to increased performance and reduced maintenance. While a number of studies have investigated such stabilization efforts (including materials and techniques, relative increases in strength and/or stiffness, etc.) no overall quantification and summary of the effects of material stabilization have been brought forward with recommendations of parameters to be used for design purposes. Although these techniques and materials are commonly used, minimal information has been obtained relating to the Mechanistic-Empirical (ME) properties of these improved materials such that the more cost-effective designs can be implemented. Not having recommendations for the ME properties of the improved materials, the designer is forced to use values for the non-stabilized material. While this does likely lead to extended road life, costs could be greatly reduced by taking advantage of the improved properties of the stabilized roadway materials. This project has involved determining which types of subgrade stabilization are being used, identifying which of these stabilization techniques/materials are of interest to the Minnesota Department of Transportation (MnDOT), compiling the results of past research relating to these stabilization techniques, summarizing the results of past research and proposing a mix design procedure that obtains material properties for use in design. This proposed mix design procedure will allow the designer to account for improved stiffness due to stabilization, reducing costs and improving the efficiency of the design.
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Planning Middle Eastern Cities: An Urban Kaleidoscope in a globalizing world
Author: Yasser Elsheshtawy | Size: 4.9 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Taylor & Francis Group | Year: 2004 | pages: 225 | ISBN: 0-415-30400-8
This book originated from a desire to articulate a local voice. Many writings on the Middle East are from external observers. While such efforts are commendable they may miss some of the nuances of our region which can only be detected by those who are – on a daily basis – dealing with the problems of the ‘Arab’ street. Whether it is in encounters with citizens and authorities or dealing with various public and private organizations, all play a vital role in constructing an understanding, a referential framework, which may be absent for those observing our cities from afar. While such closeness may lead to a subjective viewpoint – as opposed to the ‘objective’, ‘neutral’ external observer – it nevertheless contributes to an empathy and an understanding of the ‘deep structure’ of Middle East cities. It is of interest to note however that all writers – except one – have left their ‘home’ cities and have settled elsewhere in the Middle East after a period of studying in the West.
They exemplify the condition of the ‘modern nomad’ moving from one place to another, not belonging to a fixed country. At the same time living in, and being exposed to, more than one Middle East city has led to a better comprehension of our urban environment, particularly in appreciating its heterogeneous nature. Furthermore, being exposed to a variety of cultures, religions, and languages has led to an openness, and an understanding of the ‘other’. Rather than stereotyping cultures which are different from our own we are trying to utilize the methods and tools of the West to further our understanding of our own societies, and in many ways to engage in a period of self reflection and criticism rather than denial.
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This report describes the development of precision statements for the dynamic modulus and flow number tests conducted with the Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester (AMPT). Thus, the report will be of particular interest to materials and pavement structural design engineers in state highway agencies, as well as to materials suppliers and paving contractors.
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Application of Accelerated Bridge Construction Connections in Moderate-to-High Seismic Regions
Author: Marsh, M Lee | Size: 2.29 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Transportation Research Board | Year: 2011 | pages: 62 | ISBN: 9780309213431
This report identifies promising details to be used for connections of bridge members in accelerated bridge construction in medium to high seismic regions and gives recommendations for further research. Existing connection details were gathered from state departments of transportation, industry, and academia and were evaluated for their performance in terms of readiness for use, construction risk, durability, and seismic performance. The material in this report will be of immediate interest to bridge engineers.
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This report documents an analysis of 1,500 bridges that represent various material types and configurations using AASHTOWare™ Virtis® to compare the load factor rating to load and resistance factor rating for both moment and shear induced by design vehicles, AASHTO legal loads, and eight additional permit/legal vehicles. The report includes proposed revisions to the "AASHTO Manual for Bridge Evaluation" based on a review of the analysis results. The material in this report will be of immediate interest to bridge engineers.
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This report presents crash modification factors (CMFs) for safety strategies at signalized intersections. CMFs are a tool for quickly estimating the impact of safety improvements. The report will be of particular interest to safety practitioners responsible for programming and implementing highway safety improvements at intersections.
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This report presents design guidance for strengthening of soils to resist lateral forces on bridge pile foundations. Lateral loads may be produced by wave action, wind, seismic events, ship impact, or traffic. Strengthening of soil surrounding the upper portions of piles and pile groups—for example by compaction, replacement of native soil with granular material, or mixing of cement with soil—may be more cost-effective than driving additional piles and extending pile caps as ways to increase the bridge foundation's capacity to resist lateral forces associated with these loads. This report presents computational methods for assessing soil-strengthening options using finite-element analysis of single piles and pile groups and a simplified approach employing commercially available software. The analysis methodology and design guidelines will be helpful to designers responsible for bridge foundations likely to be exposed to significant lateral loads.
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Author: Hallin, J P Sadasivam, S Mallela, J Hein, D K Darter, M I Von Quintus, H L | Size: 2.97 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Transportation Research Board | Year: 2011 | pages: 78 | ISBN: 9780309213486
This report presents a recommended "Guide for Pavement-Type Selection." The guide includes practical, logical, and transparent processes for conducting systematic evaluations of pavement alternatives and for making decisions on pavement-type selection. These processes can be used for both agency-based and contractor-based type selections and may be applied to different pavement types and structures. These processes are supplemented by examples to illustrate the application of the recommended guide for the commonly encountered scenarios of alternative bidding and design-build of operations and maintenance projects. The material contained in the report will be of immediate interest to state pavement engineers, design consultants, paving contractors, and others involved in project design and pavement-type selection.
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Proposed Specifications for LRFD Soil-Nailing Design and Construction
Author: Lazarte, Carlos A | Size: 6.47 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Transportation Research Board | Year: 2011 | pages: 145 | ISBN: 9780309213516
This report contains proposed specifications for the design and construction of soil-nailed retaining structures. Despite their advantages in cut applications, these structures are not available to some state departments of transportation, due to the lack of guidance for their use in AASHTO's standard specifications based on load and resistance factor design (LRFD). This report will be of interest to geotechnical engineers and construction managers, who would like to promote a more common utilization of soil nailing.
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