This guidebook presents approaches to cost estimation and management to overcome the root causes of cost escalation and to support the development of consistent and accurate project estimates through all phases of the development process, from long-range planning, through priority programming, and through project design. A research team led by the Texas Transportation Institute carried out a comprehensive investigation into current and effective practices for cost estimation and management during the various planning and project development phases prior to construction. The project resulted in this practical guidebook. The guidebook should be of significant use to managers, practitioners, and decision makers interested in development and management of realistic and accurate cost estimates for transportation projects from the earliest stages of planning through final project design. The guidance provided is intended to provide methods and tools that will reduce unintended or unanticipated escalation of costs as transportation projects proceed through the development process.
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Design of Construction Work Zones on High-Speed Highways
Author: Mahoney, Kevin M | Size: 3.49 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Transportation Research Board | Year: 2007 | pages: 75 | ISBN: 9780309098793
This report explores an approach for the selection of an appropriate construction work zone type; offers suggested guidance for the design of geometric features, including horizontal and vertical alignment, cross-sectional features, and barrier placement; and examines a variety of ancillary features such as drainage systems, lighting, and surface type. The contractor's final report on the research activities used to develop this report has been published as NCHRP Web Document 105. As part of the research associated with this activity, a work zone prediction model and user's guide were created to help estimate free-flow vehicle speeds through two types of construction work zones on four lane freeways--single lane closures and median crossovers. This report will be of particular interest to practitioners responsible for the design of construction work zones.
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This report presents guidelines for the selection of snow and ice control materials through an evaluation of their cost, performance, and impacts on the environment and infrastructure. The guidelines should be useful in helping maintenance managers develop a program that will minimize the environmental impacts of snow and ice control without compromising effective maintenance strategies. The guidelines will help highway agencies fill their dual role of providing safe roadways for the driving public while serving as stewards to protect and enhance the natural environment.
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This report presents a methodology for classifying aggregates based on the distribution of shape, texture, and angularity characteristics and recommends a test method for measuring these characteristics to help improve specifications for aggregates used in highway pavements. The test method measures shape, texture, and angularity characteristics of aggregates used in hot-mix asphalt, hydraulic cement concrete, and unbound base and subbase layers of highway pavements, and it is appropriate for use in central and field laboratories. This report will be of particular interest to materials engineers, researchers, and others concerned with the design and construction of flexible and rigid pavements.
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This report contains the findings of research performed to develop recommended revisions to the legal loads for posting as depicted in the "Manual for Condition Evaluation of Bridges" and the "Guide Manual for Condition Evaluation and Load and Resistance Factor Rating (LRFR) of Highway Bridges." The report details the development of the new loads and includes recommended revisions to the manuals to incorporate these loads. The material in this report will be of immediate interest to bridge managers and load raters. The research identified and quantified the types of short multi-axle legal vehicles operating on the public thoroughfares and the subset of these vehicles that cause overstressing.
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This report presents a recommended procedure for evaluating air-entraining admixtures used in highway concrete. The procedure involves the testing of non-air-entrained concrete and concrete containing the air-entraining admixture under simulated field conditions. Criteria are proposed for acceptance of admixtures for use in either highway pavements or structures. The recommended procedure and acceptance criteria will guide materials engineers in evaluating and selecting air-entraining admixtures that should contribute to appropriate freeze-thaw durability and thus to good performance and long service life. The content of the report will be of immediate interest to materials engineers, researchers, and others concerned with the design of concrete mixtures for use in highway pavements and structures.
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Application of LRFD Bridge Design Specifications to High-Strength Structural Concrete: Shear Provisions
Author: Hawkins, Neil M | Size: 12.41 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Transportation Research Board | Year: 2007 | pages: 203 | ISBN: 9780309098861
This report contains the findings of research performed to extend the applicability of shear design provisions for reinforced and prestressed concrete structures in the "AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications" to concrete compressive strengths greater than 10 ksi. The report details the research performed and includes recommended revisions to the specifications. The material in this report will be of immediate interest to bridge designers.
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Guidelines for Concrete Mixtures Containing Supplementary Cementitious Materials to Enhance Durability of Bridge Decks
Author: Lawler, John S | Size: 3.98 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Transportation Research Board | Year: 2007 | pages: 125 | ISBN: 9780309098977
This report presents guidelines to facilitate highway agencies' use of supplementary cementitious materials to enhance durability of concrete used in highway construction, especially bridge decks. Encompassed in these guidelines is a methodology for selecting optimum concrete mixture proportions. The methodology focuses on durability aspects of concrete and the performance requirements for specific environmental conditions and is presented in a text format and as a computational tool, in the form of a Visual Basic-driven Microsoft® Excel spreadsheet. Background information, a user's guide, and a hypothetical case study are also available. These guidelines should be of interest to state engineers and others involved in the design and construction of concrete bridge decks and other structures incorporating supplementary cementitious materials.
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This report will be of interest to transportation departments that are responsible for constructing and maintaining bridges that span waterways. It provides selection criteria and guidelines for the design and construction of countermeasures to protect bridge abutments and approach embankments from scour damage. Guidelines are provided for the following abutment countermeasures: riprap, cable-tied blocks, geobags, parallel walls, spur dikes located locally to the abutment, and abutment collars.
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This report describes the development of methodologies for network- and project-level optimization of multiple, user-specified performance criteria. Bridge management software modules to implement the methodologies were also developed. The report details the development of methodologies. The software modules, user's manual, and demonstration database are provided on an accompanying CD-ROM. The material in this report will be of immediate interest to bridge managers and planners.
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