Diagrid tube structures are expected to be used for the outer tubes of super tall tube-in-tube buildings. The mechanical behavior and design method of X-shaped reinforced concrete joints, which are formed by four crossed inclined columns and horizontal girders, are important issues in the design and analysis of vertical crossing lattice tube. Taking the volumetric ratio of the stirrup and the loading pattern as fundamental parameters, four X-shaped reinforced concrete joints were designed and subjected to static axial load testing. The test phenomenon—including deformation of joint zones, development of cracks, and crushing of concrete— is strongly emphasized in the analysis. The laws of the stiffness response and stress development in longitudinal bars and stirrups are revealed, and the ultimate load-bearing capacity of four joints is obtained. The test results show that the stirrups may confine the lateral expanding deformation of the joint concrete regions.
The X-shaped reinforced concrete joints with normal volumetric ratios of stirrups may be designed to provide large stiffness and high load-bearing capacity, which are also effective in transmitting the inner force from four crossed inclined columns. Adopting two loading patterns—agreeing and differential loads—on four inclined columns has little influence on the load-bearing capacity of the joints. Based on the results of the test and analysis, design recommendations and formulas of the bearing capacity for X-shaped reinforced concrete joints in vertical crossing lattice structures are proposed.
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Dear Admin.
really I'm proud of our forum and we have to mention to your effort and your generosity
day by day we see the new and every one here is indebted to you and your forum
already we have a section ( Non-English written codes ) - so , my suggestion is - can we open a new section for the materials which created by other language like training vedio ????
the aim of my suggestion is to cover all members requirements insted of publishing or searching in other forums and make our members always related with our great forum
thanks in advance
mowafi3m
Author: Kerry J Howe; David W Hand; John C Crittenden; R Rhodes Trussell; George Tchobanoglous | Size: 16 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: Wiley | Year: 2012 | pages: 674 | ISBN: 9781118309674
Principles of Water Treatment has been developed from the best selling reference work Water Treatment, 3rd edition by the same author team. It maintains the same quality writing, illustrations, and worked examples as the larger book, but in a smaller format which focuses on the treatment processes and not on the design of the facilities
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Earth has been used as a building material for centuries, providing local communities with a sustainable and durable material from which homes and other buildings are constructed. Earthen construction has developed over time to become one of the predominant building types worldwide, with many different examples of traditional and modern earth buildings across Africa, Asia, Australia, North America and Europe. This book critically reviews the development and application of earth materials, earth building design and earth construction techniques. The beginning reviews the overall status of earth construction as an option for low-impact and sustainable building design. This coverage is complemented by chapters on earth block building and rammed earth construction, structural reinforcement and internal and external earth building components. The final section reviews regional applications and case studies to highlight the use and utility of modern earthen building construction in different areas and different climates worldwide.
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Article/eBook Full Name: Simple Nonlinear Static Analysis Procedure for Progressive Collapse Evaluation
Author(s): Wenjun Guo and Ramon Gilsanz
Published By: AISC
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Article/eBook Full Name: Progressive Collapse Analyses of 2D Steel Framed Structures with Different Connection Models
Author(s): Lim, Joonhong; Krauthammar, Theodor
Published By: AISC
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Hi friends
I need this papers; can you help me? Comparison of the Strength Design and Prevention Method of Elephant Foot Buckling Among Countries’ Standards of Oil Tanks
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Use BIM to develop strategies, expedite projects, improve outcomes, and save money.
BIM is far more than an "upgrade" to the latest CAD software. It is a process improvement tool that leverages data to analyze and predict outcomes throughout the different phases of the building life cycle. The time for a building owner to get involved with the BIM process is not at the end of the building project but from the very beginning. BIM for Building Owners and Developers is the only guide that will help you, the owner and client, use BIM to increase transparency and create a more integrated design and construction process, which will result in better quality buildings at lower cost and in a shorter time frame. It will also help you understand what BIM can do for you and what you can expect in terms of process and commitments. You'll discover how BIM can help improve your strategic planning, maximize ROI, support the decision-making processes, and fine-tune GAP analysis.
In addition, BIM for Building Owners and Developers can help you:
Understand, manage, and take advantage of the BIM paradigm shift
Assemble a building as it would be constructed on site to help eliminate many inefficiencies of the construction process
Achieve a high level of coordination through better integration of information and process optimization
Reduce the overall cost of a project by identifying problems while they still can be corrected inexpensively
Make every project easier, faster, and more profitable with BIM for Building Owners and Developers.
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CONVENTIONAL RETAINING WALL
RETAINING WALL_PROPORTIONING
EARTH PRESSURE
EQUIVALENT FLUID METHOD
WALL WITH SLOPPED BACK FILL
STABILITY : OVERTURNING, SLIDING, BEARING CAPACITY
FAILURE
WALL : JOINTS, MOVEMENT, SETTLEMENT
CANTILIVER R.WALL
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