Progressive collapse resistance of existing building structures against sudden column loss may be increased
with adequate supply of steel braces. A performance-based design approach for retrofitting regular building
frames with steel braces is proposed in this study. The retrofit design approach is developed from the pseudostatic
response analysis of an idealized elastic–plastic, single degree-of-freedom system. Analytical relationship
between the increment of collapse resistance and structural characteristics is derived to determine the design
strength and stiffness of added braces. Accuracy of the proposed approach is verified with incremental dynamic
analysis. Also, its application to multi-story buildings is demonstrated with three frame models. Conservative
performance is obtained with the design approach, especially for a larger resistance increment. An iterative
modification technique is suggested to refine the retrofit design and only a few nonlinear static iterations are
required for convergence. Nonlinear dynamic analysis results indicate that the column-loss response of the
braced frames is approximated to the performance target and thus the proposed retrofit design approach is
feasible for practical applications.
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The aim of this study is to investigate whether MRF steel structures that have been designed
based on seismic codes, are able to resist progressive collapse with damaged columns in different locations
under seismic loading.
For this purpose, 3-D and 2-D push-over analysis of structures is carried out. The progressive collapse
potential has been assessed in connection with 5 and 15-story buildings with 4 and 6 bays by applying the
alternate load path method recommended in UFC guidelines.
Member removal in this manner is intended to represent a situation where an extreme event, such as
vehicle impact or past earthquake shock or construction error, may cause a critical column, as a result of
local or global buckling, to lose a part or whole of its load bearing capacity.
In contrast with 3-D models, two-dimensional frames represent a higher sensitivity to base shear
reduction and element removal. In the case of middle column removal, the structure is more robust than
in a corner column removal situation. The influence of story number, redundancy and location of critical
eliminated elements has been discussed.
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This British Standard implements the ISO system for technical product documentation and specification.
The ISO system is defined in a large number of interlinked and related international standards which are referenced from within BS 8888.
The purpose of this British Standard is to facilitate the use of the ISO system by providing:
• an index to the international standards which comprise the ISO system, referencing them according to their area of application;
• key elements of the ISO standards to facilitate their application;
• references to additional British and European Standards where they provide information or guidance over and above that provided by ISO standards;
and
• commentary and recommendations on the application of the standards where this is deemed useful.
The requirements refer to International and European Standards which have been implemented as British Standards either in the BS EN, BS EN ISO, BS ISO series or as International Standards re-numbered as British Standards.
Annex A (normative) contains a list of normative references, indispensible for the application of this British Standard.
Annex B (informative) contains a list of informative references.
Annex C (normative) contains a set of examples of geometrical tolerances and associated requirements.
Annex D (normative) contains requirements for enhanced security.
Annex E (informative) provides a summary report on the concepts that have underwritten the development of technical product specification (TPS) and its primary constituent, geometrical product specification (GPS), to date and discusses some of the drivers for future change.
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- Proposes to fill a gap in literature with the application of modelling techniques in steels, both hot topics in contemporary materials studies, while at the same time documenting latest research in this area
- Discusses structural engineering modelling in regards to the fire resistance of structural steelwork
- Covers genetic algorithm research as applied to design optimisation
Steels and computer-based modelling are fast growing fields in materials science as well as structural engineering, demonstrated by the large amount of recent literature.
Steels: From Materials Science to Structural Engineering combines steels research and model development, including the application of modelling techniques in steels. The latest research includes structural engineering modelling, and novel, prototype alloy steels such as heat-resistant steel, nitride-strengthened ferritic/martensitic steel and low nickel maraging steel.
Researchers studying steels will find the topics vital to their work. Materials experts will be able to learn about steels used in structural engineering as well as modelling and apply this increasingly important technique in their steel materials research and development.
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A close-to-ideal blend of suburb and city, speedy construction of towers of Babylon, the sparkling proportion of glass and steel buildings’ facade at night showcase the wisdom of humans. They also witness the footsteps, sweats and tears of architects and engineers. Unfortunately, these signatures of human civilizations are swathed in towering figures of construction accidents. Fretting about these on sites, different countries adopt different measures on sites. This book firstly sketches the construction accidents on sites, followed by a review on safety measures in some of the developing countries such as Bermuda, Egypt, Kuwait and China; as well as developed countries, for example, the United States, France and Singapore. It also highlights the enormous compensation costs with the courts’ experiences in the United Kingdom and Hong Kong.
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This book helps designers and manufacturers to select and develop the most suitable and competitive steel structures, which are safe, fit for production and economic. An optimum design system is used to find the best characteristics of structural models, which guarantee the fulfilment of design and fabrication requirements and minimize the cost function. Realistic numerical models are used as main components of industrial steel structures.
Chapter 1 containts some experiences with the optimum design of steel structures
Chapter 2 treats some newer mathematical optimization methods.
Chapter 3 gives formulae for fabrication times and costs.
Chapters 4 deals with beams and columns. Summarizes the Eurocode rules for design.
Chapter 5 deals with the design of tubular trusses.
Chapter 6 gives the design of frame structures and fire-resistant design rules for a frame.
In Chapters 7 some minimum cost design problems of stiffened and cellular plates and shells are worked out for cases of different stiffenings and loads.
Chapter 8 gives a cost comparison of cylindrical and conical shells.
The book contains a large collection of literatures and a subject list and a name index.
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The statics and mechanics of structures form a core aspect of civil engineering. This book provides an introduction to the subject, starting from classic hand-calculation types of analysis and gradually advancing to a systematic form suitable for computer implementation. It starts with statically determinate structures in the form of trusses, beams and frames. Instability is discussed in the form of the column problem - both the ideal column and the imperfect column used in actual column design. The theory of statically indeterminate structures is then introduced, and the force and deformation methods are explained and illustrated. An important aspect of the book’s approach is the systematic development of the theory in a form suitable for computer implementation using finite elements. This development is supported by two small computer programs, MiniTruss and MiniFrame, which permit static analysis of trusses and frames, as well as linearized stability analysis. The book’s final section presents related strength of materials subjects in greater detail; these include stress and strain, failure criteria, and normal and shear stresses in general beam flexure and in beam torsion.
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Bentley AECOsim Building Designer V8i (SELECTSeries 3) 08.11.09.376
Size: 1.4 GB
Bentley's AECOsim Building Designer this single information modeling software application includes tools for architectural, structural, mechanical, and electrical systems design, construction documentation, and visualization of any type and scale of building.
AECOsim Building Designer provides information-rich multidisciplinary models for the design, simulation, analysis, and documentation of buildings. This single, integrated application includes capabilities for architectural, structural, mechanical, and electrical systems design, and for construction documentation. Its innovative capabilities continue to help users lower project costs, save time, reduce project risk, and enhance overall project quality - while providing owner-operators with higher returns on their investments.
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