This is a modern book on fluid mechanics that is written in a way needed these days to teach the subject to students in engineering and science at higher educational institutes. The book is well structured for this purpose and is arranged in a logical teaching sequence of chapters. It is starting with an introductory chapter that contains also the summary of the history of fluid mechanics. In two chapters the basic knowledge in mathematics and physics is summarized to provide the background information needed by the students to enter the fluid mechanics. Kinematics of fluid motion is briefly described followed by the complete derivations of the differential form of the continuity and momentum equations, as well as the mechanical and thermal form of the energy equation. Subjects like hydrostatics, similarity theory, potential flows, gas dynamics etc. are treated in an introductory way to lead the students into fluid mechanics. The t_ij terms are introduced to describe the molecular momentum transport and their complete derivation is given by looking at the basis of molecular motions like that in an ideal gas. Subjects like one-dimensional viscous flows, stationary and in stationary, are treated to give the students an introduction into laminar flows. Wave motions in fluids, low Reynolds number flows, high Reynolds number flows and flows with heat transfer are treated to permit the students to get introductory treatments of important parts of fluid mechanics. Introductions are also provided into numerical computations of flows, into turbulence, as well as into measuring techniques as applied in fluid mechanics. In this way, the entire theory and practise of fluid mechanics is treated in the book, providing the student with information needed for more advanced books in specialized subjects of fluid flow treatments.
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Dear Admin and Moderators
I would like to suggest to look into Codes, Manual & Handbook forum.
As of today when we do the searches we can see the following results.
AISC subsection exist (3 pages )
ACI subsection exist (3 pages)
ASTM subsection exist ( 2pages)
EuroCode subsection exist (1 page)
___________________
ASCE not exist as a subsection (5 pages)
AISI not exist as a subsection (1 page)
ICC not exist as a subsection (1 page)
___________________
I am thinking that , they may be they added.
Because of their importance and popularity. (I also realize that it is a lot of work)
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Calculation of Earthquake Actions on Building Structures in Australia
Author: N.T.K. Lam University of Melbourne, Australia B.A. Gaull Guria Consulting, Western Australia J.L. Wilson Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia | Size: 682 KB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: EJSE Special Issue: Loading on Structures | Year: 2007 | pages: 19
ABSTRACT: This paper presents from first principles methods of evaluating the seismic performance of a building using the method of inertial forces, method of maximum energy and method of maximum displacement. The introduction of these methods forms the main thrust of the paper. Importantly, the building can be deemed safe should this be indicated by any one of the three methods none of which requires the natural period of the building nor structural response factors to be estimated. Whilst these methods are very simple and consume little time to apply, the accuracies of the results are comparable with those from response spectrum methods. It is noted that the fundamental basis of each of these methods is very consistent with the new response spectrum model stipulated by the new Australian standard for seismic actions. A succinct and insightful account of the development of the seismic hazard model for Australia is also provided followed by a commentary on the use of dynamic analysis methods in practice. 22
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The paper deals with the extension of the N2 method to asymmetric building structures, represented by a 3D structural model. The results of recent parametric studies suggest that in the majority of cases an upper limit for torsional effects can
be estimated by a linear dynamic (spectral) analysis. Based on this observation, it is proposed that the results obtained by pushover analysis of a 3D structural model be combined with the results of a linear dynamic (spectral) analysis. The former results control the target displacements and the distribution of deformations along the height of the building, whereas the latter results define the torsional amplifications. In the paper, first the theoretical background of the transformation of a 3D MDOF model to an equivalent SDOF model is given. Then, the proposed extended N2 method is summarized and applied to a test example of an asymmetric three-storey reinforced concrete frame (“SPEAR”) building. The results are compared with results of nonlinear dynamic time-history
analyses.
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Evaluation of Egyptian code provisions for seismic design of moment-resisting-frame multi-story buildings
Author: Shehata E Abdel Raheem | Size: 2.8 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: International Journal of Advanced Structural Engineering 2013, 5:20 | Year: 2013 | pages: 18
Since the occurrence of the Cairo earthquake on October 1992, the design of structures for earthquakes became a
major demand enforced in the Egyptian design codes. The seismic response of building structures can be
estimated through utilization of a variety of analysis methods that range from simple equivalent static analysis to
complex nonlinear dynamic analysis. The traditional approach is to employ equivalent static analysis methods, while
current design practice is moving toward an increased emphasis on the nonlinear analysis method. The Egyptian
code provisions for building seismic design adopt the traditional approach of equivalent static load method as the
main method for evaluating seismic actions and recommend the response spectrum method for nonsymmetrical
buildings. This study aims to evaluate the Egyptian code provisions for the seismic design of moment-resistant
frame multi-story building through using nonlinear time history analysis. The analysis procedures are evaluated for
their ability to predict deformation demands in terms of inter-story drifts, potential failure mechanisms and story
shear force demands. The results of the analysis of the different approaches are used to evaluate the advantages,
limitations, and ease of application of each approach for seismic analysis.
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Seismic performance of concrete frame structures reinforced with superelastic shape memory alloys
Author: M. Shahria Alam, Moncef Nehdi* and Maged A. Youssef | Size: 03 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: Smart Structures and Systems, Vol. 5, No. 5 (2009) 565-585 | Year: 2009 | pages: 21
Abstract. Superelastic Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) are gaining acceptance for use as reinforcing bars in
concrete structures. The seismic behaviour of concrete frames reinforced with SMAs is being assessed in this
study. Two eight-storey concrete frames, one of which is reinforced with regular steel and the other with SMAs at
the plastic hinge regions of beams and regular steel elsewhere, are designed and analyzed using 10 different
ground motion records. Both frames are located in the highly seismic region of Western Canada and are designed
and detailed according to current seismic design standards. The validation of a finite element (FE) program that
was conducted previously at the element level is extended to the structure level in this paper using the results of a
shake table test of a three-storey moment resisting steel RC frame. The ten accelerograms that are chosen for
analyzing the designed RC frames are scaled based on the spectral ordinate at the fundamental periods of the
frames. The behaviour of both frames under scaled seismic excitations is compared in terms of maximum interstorey
drift, top-storey drift, inter-storey residual drift, and residual top-storey drift. The results show that SMA-
RC frames are able to recover most of its post-yield deformation, even after a strong earthquake.
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Evaluation Of Earthquake Response Analysis Methods For Low - Rise Base Isolated Buildings
Author: orunbalci and G . O zpalanlar | Size: 893 KB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: The 14 th World Conference on Ear thquake Engineering October 12 - 17, 2008, Beijing, China | Year: 2008 | pages: 08
The seismic isolation approach is extremely rational approach especially for low-rise and medium-rise buildings
with natural periods close to fundamental periods, i.e., buildings that are under the risk of the resonance. This
paper deals with available analysis methods determined on a comparative basis for most suitable and realistic
approaches, especially for cases where the isolators are provided for the foundations of low-rise and medium-rise
buildings. To this end, a brief introduction is followed by the investigations performed for different analysis
methods, namely the static equivalent earthquake force analysis, linear response spectrum analysis, linear time
history analysis and nonlinear time history analysis. For each analysis method, the comparisons are performed
and conclusions are discussed for the total base shear forces, story shear forces at columns and absolute and
relative story drifts. It can be concluded, upon assessments on the results of the analyses especially for first three
analyses, that they are reasonable and extremely practical. The results obtained from the nonlinear analysis tend
to deviate from each other as compared with other methods, mainly because of the facts that its is extremely
sensitive to numerous parameters and that such nonlinear parameters used in the calculations are derived from
simple static methods. On the other hand, even static equivalent earthquake force analysis yields more correct
results especially in designing the isolation systems for the low-rise building. Accordingly, it is more reasonable,
in the course of the design, to perform first static and then linear response spectrum analysis prior linear time
history analysis.
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Loading Pattern and Spatial Distribution of Dynamic Wind Load and Comparison of Wind and Earthquake Effects along the Height of Tall Buildings
Author: Ali Bakhshi1 , Hamed Nikbakht1 1 Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran | Size: 829 KB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Structural Dynamics, EURODYN 2011 Leuven, Belgium, 4-6 July 2011 G. De Roeck, G. Degrande, G. Lombaert, G. M¨ uller (eds. | Year: 2011 | pages: 8 | ISBN: 978-90-760-1931-4
The aim of this study is that with respect to the procedure and distribution of dynamic wind and earthquake load,
to investigate the height beyond which the wind load would be dominant over the seismic loading condition. For the current
study, 5 tall steel frames buildings with various lateral resisting system that are almost symmetrical in plan are investigated via
three-Dimensional models. In this study, the effect of dynamic time history wind load is considered and when it’s applied along
the height of tall buildings, the fluctuating wind speed is simulated as an ergodic multivariate stochastic process, and the Fast Fourier Transform is needed to estimate the fluctuating wind speed components acting on the structure. The longitudinal wind load is considered in the following analysis neglecting the transverse and vertical wind load components. For two basic wind speed (47 m/s and 76 m/s) according to ASCE7-05, mean wind speed along the height was calculated and with accumulating this component with fluctuation wind speed component, wind speed along the height at each level can be computed. For the nonlinear dynamic analysis, 16 accelerograms are used that including 8 rock soil types and 8 deep soil types. Finally, One group of analyses are performed by simulating fluctuation wind speed under dynamic time history wind load and its counterpart, nonlinear dynamic earthquake load due to excitation from the ground motion earthquake accelerograms. This study determined that the structure with lower height or number of stories in which parameters dominant in seismic loading and with increasing in height of buildings, rate of influence of wind load along the height in which parameters is larger than seismic loading and the results of wind and earthquake characteristics was compared in form of power spectral density (PSD).
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Principle of Reinforced Concrete introduces the main properties of structural concrete and its mechanical behavior under various conditions as well as all aspects of the combined function of reinforcement and concrete. Based on the experimental investigation, the variation regularity of mechanical behavior, working mechanism, and calculation method are presented for the structural member under various internal forces. After examining the basic principle and analysis method of reinforced concrete, the book covers some extreme circumstances, including fatigue load, earthquake, explosion, high temperature (fire accident), and durability damage, and the special responses and analysis methods of its member under these conditions.
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