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Introduction
Over the last four decades, many man-made earth-structures have undergone catastrophic failures due
to earthquake-induced liquefaction. Eleven tailings dams failed during and after the 28 March 1965
Chilean earthquake. The most devastating were the failures of El-Cobre dams which destroyed part of
the El-Cobre town and claimed more than 200 lives (Dobry and Alvarez, 1967). Similar failures also
occurred in Japan in 1978. Two tailings dams associated with the Mochikoshi gold mine failed causing
a release of large volume of tailings materials.
On 9 February 1971, an earthquake of magnitude 6.6 on the Richter scale hit the San Fernando Valley,
California. One of the major effects of this earthquake was the damage inflicted on the Lower and the
Upper Sand Fernando Dams due to liquefaction induced deformations (Seed et al., 1973). Liquefaction
of the hydraulic fill materials within the body of the dam caused a flow slide to occur on the upstream
part of the Lower Dam, leaving only about 1.5m of freeboard . In the Upper Dam, the slide
movements resulting from liquefaction of the hydraulic fill within the dam were not as severe as those
in the Lower Dam. However, the crest of the dam moved about a.5m downstream and settled about
0.8m. Fortunately in both cases, no water was released from the reservoir .
Code:
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BS 8666:2005
Scheduling, dimensioning, bending and cutting of steel reinforcement for concrete. Specification
Standard Number: BS 8666:2005
Abstract:
BS 8666 is intended for suppliers and, purchasers of fabricated ribbed reinforcing steel (bars and fabrics) for the reinforcement of concrete., The standard includes requirements for the cutting and bending of, reinforcing bars and coils. It also specifies the requirements for, scheduling fabricated reinforcing steels, including a standard notation, for different reinforcing steel types, standard bent shapes, and, standard designations of welded fabric. Standard forms of bar and fabric, schedules are given.
Status Current
Publication Date 21 September 2005
Cross References:
BS 4449:2005, BS 4483:2005, BS 6744, BS 8110-1, BS EN 1992-1-1, BS EN 1992-2, BS EN 1992-3, BS EN ISO 216:2001, BS EN ISO 3766:2003
Replaces: BS 8666:2000
Amended By: Amendment No. 1 January 2008.
Supersedes Draft: 04/30109898 DC07/30172665 DC
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Completely revised to reflect the new ACI 318-08 Building Code and International Building Code, IBC 2009, this popular book offers a unique approach to examining the design of prestressed concrete members in a logical, step-by-step trial and adjustment procedure. Integrates handy flow charts to help readers better understand the steps needed for design and analysis. Includes a revised chapter containing the latest ACI and AASHTO Provisions on the design of post-tensioned beam end anchorage blocks using the strut-and-tie approach in conformity with ACI 318-08 Code. Offers a new complete section with two extensive design examples using the strut-and-tie approach for the design of corbels and deep beams. Features an addition to the elastic method of design, with comprehensive design examples on LRFD and Standard AASHTO designs of bridge deck members for flexure, shear and torsion, conforming to the latest AASHTO specifications. Includes a revised chapter on slender columns, including a simplified load-contour biaxial bending method which is easier to apply in desiign, using moments rather than loads in the reciprocal approach. A useful construction reference for engineers.
Code:
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Posted by: denim - 07-21-2010, 08:10 AM - Forum: Archive
- No Replies
I propose to open a new section for professional assessment or exam. I do believe every country should have the similar assessment or exam for certain membership like Membership of ICE, IStructE in UK, P.E. in US.
We can open a section for our members to discuss the related topics for these.
Posted by: harika - 07-21-2010, 07:07 AM - Forum: Archive
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Hello... does anyone have this book?? Basic Soil Mechanics by R. Whitlow?? I am looking for this book for my reference. Do anyone have it, please share to other... Thank you..
Low Rise Office Building Design - by E Chien, P.Eng
Design Aid - Published by:-
Canadian Institute of Steel Construction
Canadian Institute of Steel Construction
The Canadian Institute of Steel Construction web page:
Code:
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Soil Mechanics for Unsaturated Soils by D. G. Fredlund, H. Rahardjo
A textbook addressing the subject of soil mechanics as it relates to the behavior of unsaturated soils, or, more specifically, addressing that class of problems where the soils have a matric suction or where the pore-water pressure is negative. The text starts by introducing the breadth of unsaturated soil mechanics problems. It then presents material related to the volume-mass properties, stress state variables, flow behavior, and pore pressure parameters for unsaturated soils. It then goes on to present material on the shear strength and volume change behavior of unsaturated soils. The latter part of the text concludes with material on the transient processes of interest to geotechnical engineering
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