Authors:
Yohanna M. F. Wahba, Murty K. S. Madugula, Gerard R. Monforton
ABSTRACT:
The Canadian Standard CAN/CSA-S37-M86 “Antennas, towers and antenna supporting structures” follows a quasi-limit states approach in which the member forces determined for specified loads are multiplied by a unified factor and compared with factored resistances given in CAN3-S16.1-M84. This results in designs basically the same as those resulting from a working stress design with a factor of safety of 5/3. Such structures exhibit a non-linear structural behaviour even under service loads. Thus the effect of ice accretion and direct interaction between wind and ice does not permit the load factors specified in CAN/CSA-S16.1-M89 “Limit states design of steel structures” to be directly applied to antenna supporting structures.In this study, 41 different towers (representing various heights and designed for different ice classes and wind pressures) were analyzed under specified loads and then under a set of factored loads. From the comparison of the design forces in the towers with those calculated according to the existing standard, a set of partial load factors was derived. The new load factors to be used in the 1993 edition of S37 are presented and justified. Key words: antenna towers, guyed towers, ice and wind loads, limit states design, self-supporting towers, working stress design.
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Effect of guy initial tension on design of guyed antenna towers
Authors:
Yohanna M. F. Wahba, Murty K. S. Madugula, Gerard R. Monforton
ABSTRACT:
This study examines the effect of changing the initial guy tension on the design of guyed antenna towers. Six different guyed towers with various heights and loading conditions are used in this study, in which initial guy tensions are changed and the corresponding effect on the forces in the tower components are examined. Also, the methods used in measuring the initial tension are reviewed. On the basis of this study, it is proposed that the initial guy tensions have a load factor different from the value of 1.0 suggested in CSA S37-94. Two additional load combinations are developed from this analysis in order to assist design engineers in determining the worst case scenario for the variation of initial tension in the guys. Results are compared for designs using the current design procedures and the design using the proposed load factors for initial tensions in guy wires. Key words: antenna towers, guyed towers, limit states design, guys, initial tension.
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1.Strength of reinforced concrete columns bonded with external steel plates
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2.Full-scale testing of axially loaded RC columns strengthened by steel angles and strips
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3. Fundamental Principles that Govern Retrofitting of Reinforced Concrete Columns by Steel and FRP Jacketing
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4.Ten concrete column repair methods
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5.Behaviour of axially loaded RC columns strengthened by steel angles and strips
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Landscape Design USA features 70 completed landscape projects in USA,projects are classified under the following sections:1)Plazas and Streetscapes,2)Institutional,3 Corporate and Commercial, 4)Parks, Gardens and Memorial and 5 Residential. It is the intention of the publisher to make this publication an annual publication.An annual record of landscape design in US.
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A visual journey through the history of landscape design
For thousands of years, people have altered the meaning of space by reshaping nature. As an art form, these architectural landscape creations are stamped with societal imprints unique to their environment and place in time.
Illustrated History of Landscape Design takes an optical sweep of the iconic landscapes constructed throughout the ages. Organized by century and geographic region, this highly visual reference uses hundreds of masterful pen-and-ink drawings to show how historical context and cultural connections can illuminate today's design possibilities.
This guide includes:
Storyboards, case studies, and visual narratives toportray spaces
Plan, section, and elevation drawings of key spaces
Summaries of design concepts, principles, and vocabularies
Historic and contemporary works of art that illuminate a specific era
Descriptions of how the landscape has been shaped over time in response to human need
Directing both students and practitioners along a visually stimulating timeline, Illustrated History of Landscape Design is a valuable educational tool as well as an endless source of inspiration.
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Homebuilding Basics: Carpentry is the essential manual for anyone who isn't fortunate enough to have a carpentry teacher as wise and knowledgeable as Larry Haun. With close to 50 years of production framing experience, Haun offers newcomers to the trade smart ways to build efficiently, accurately, and safely. It's the only current book with complete coverage of basic carpentry techniques. Beginning carpenters, vocational teachers, and homeowners will find step-by-step instructions, clear illustrations, color photographs, and drawings on every aspect of building.
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A Practical Guide to Single Storey House Extensions
Author: Andrew R. Williams | Size: 1.5 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Routledge | Year: 1998 | pages: 72 | ISBN: 1850320330
A guide to tackling the problems experienced in a project of this nature relevant to planning and building control procedures.
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Pattern-making is ubiquitous in both the natural and manmade world. The human propensity for pattern recognition and fabrication is innate. Encompassing the historical, vernacular and parametric, this title explores the creation, materialisation and theorisation of some of the world's most significant and spectacularly patterned spaces. It investigates how interiors, buildings, cities and landscapes are patterned through design, production and manufacturing, use, time, accident and perception. It also brings into focus how contemporary advanced spatial practices and CAD/CAM are now pushing patterns to encompass a greater range of structural, programmatic, aesthetic and material effects and properties. Extending patterns far beyond the surface notion of style and decoration, Patterns of Architecture assesses how and why the deployment of patterns is shaping the future of architecture.
Analysed through a multidisciplinary and international series of essays and designs from architects, engineers, academics, researchers and expert professionals in the field.
Key contributors include: Hanif Kara, Patrik Schumacher and Alejandro Zaera-Polo.
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Author: A. Ali & C. A. Brebbia | Size: 8.2 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: WITAE | Year: 2006 | pages: 272 | ISBN: 1845640470
In the early stages of its employment, architects approached computer technology as an assistance technique that would enhance architectural practice. The scope of this engagement was captured in the phrase ‘computer-aided architectural design’. In the four decades since that time, the role of computer technology in architecture has gained a marked significance and led to a different approach to physical production/construction. The scope has now been extended for architects to contemplate ‘totally digital architecture design/construction’. Digital Architecture is a particularly dynamic field that is developing through the work of architectural schools, architects, software developers, researchers, technology, users, and society alike. Featuring papers from the First International Conference on Digital Architecture, this book will be of interest to professional and academic architects involved in the creation of new architectural forms, as well as those colleagues working in the development of new computer codes of engineers, including those working in structural, environmental, aerodynamic fields and others actively supporting advances in digital architecture.
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Dear friends
please share this article THE NUMERICAL AND EMPIRICAL EVALUATION OF STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE OF ELEVATED TANKS CONSIDERING SOIL–STRUCTURE INTERACTION EFFECTS
RAMAZAN LIVAOGLU et al, J. Earthquake and Tsunami06, 1250008 (2012) [20 pages] DOI: 10.1142/S179343111250008X
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