This European Standard specifies materials, properties, requirements and test methods for unreinforced, cement bound precast concrete kerb units, channels and complementary fittings, that are for use in trafficked paved areas and roof coverings.
The units are used to fulfil one or more of the following:
Separation, physical or visual delineation, the provision of drainage or the containment of paved areas or other surfacing.
In case of regular use of studded tyres, additional requirements are sometimes needed.
This standard provides for the product marking and the evaluation of conformity of the product to this European standard.
Apart from the tolerances, this standard does not include requirements for cross-sections, shapes and dimensions.
This standard does not deal with the tactility or visibility of kerbs.
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Fundamentals of Structural Engineering provides a balanced, seamless treatment of both classic, analytic methods and contemporary, computer-based techniques for conceptualizing and designing a structure. The book’s principle goal is to foster an intuitive understanding of structural behavior based on problem solving experience for students of civil engineering and architecture who have been exposed to the basic concepts of engineering mechanics and mechanics of materials.
Making it distinct from many other undergraduate textbooks, the authors of this text recognize the notion that engineers reason about behavior using simple models and intuition they acquire through problem solving. The approach adopted in this text develops this type of intuition by presenting extensive, realistic problems and case studies together with computer simulation, which allows rapid exploration of how a structure responds to changes in geometry and physical parameters.
This book also:
Emphasizes problem-based understanding of structural behavior
Organizes chapters by structural types
Provides balanced, seamless treatment of both classic and contemporary computer-based analysis methods
Offers extensive sample problems and detailed solutions to problems of structural analysis
Cultivates intuitive thinking about structural behavior
Incorporates input data operable with numerous widely used engineering design software packages
Features 900 figures and graphs
The integrated approach employed in Fundamentals of Structural Engineering makes it an ideal and comprehensive book for students and an authoritative reference for practitioners of structural engineering.
Content Level » Upper undergraduate
Keywords » Cable Structures - Finite Element Displacement Method - Lateral load issues for buildings - Multi-span horizontal structures - Statically Determinate Beams - Statically Determinate Curved Members - Statically Determinate Plane Frames - Structural Engineering - The Force Method - Truss Structures
Related subjects » Architecture - Civil Engineering - Computational Intelligence and Complexity - Mechanics
Great thanks to our vip member pezhmankhan, who help me to find this book.
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This updated text presents the theory of continuum mechanics using computational methods. The text covers a broad range of topics including general problems of large rotation and large deformations and the development and limitations of finite element formulations in solving such problems. Dr. Shabana introduces theories on motion kinematics, strain, forces, and stresses, and goes on to discuss linear and nonlinear constitutive equations, including viscoelastic and plastic constitutive models. General nonlinear continuum mechanics theory is used to develop small and large finite element formulations which correctly describe rigid body motion for use in engineering applications. This second edition features a new chapter that focuses on computational geometry and finite element analysis. This book is ideal for graduate and undergraduate students, professionals, and researchers who are interested in continuum mechanics.
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Author: I. M. Idriss, R. W. Boulanger | Size: 14 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: Earthquake Engineering Research Institute | Year: 2008 | pages: 268 | ISBN: 9781932884364
This monograph updates a subject area covered in the 1982 classic text used around the world, Ground Motions and Soil Liquefaction During Earthquakes, by H. Bolton Seed and I.M. Idriss. The new publication will fill a need for a thorough synthesis in one accessible resource for students, practicing engineers, and other professionals of progress in the study of liquefaction since 1982. The following areas are covered: Fundamentals of liquefaction behavior: a framework for a common understanding of the development and limitations of various engineering analytical procedures. Liquefaction triggering analysis: methods for evaluating the potential for liquefaction triggering. Consequences and mitigation of liquefaction: examples of lateral spreading and post-liquefaction settlement analyses, the use of factors of safety in engineering practice, mitigation strategies, and methods for ground improvement. Cyclic softening of saturated clays: engineering procedures for evaluating the potential performance of cohesive fine-grained soils. Three of the 136 figures are in color, illustrating comparisons of liquefaction analysis procedures.
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Concrete walls are the seismic-force-resisting system of choice for high-rise buildings on
the west coast of Canada, and they are becoming an increasingly popular system in other
seismically active regions of the world.
A concrete wall system dissipates energy during earthquakes by forming inelastic
mechanisms at the base, and in the coupling beams (for coupled walls). For this to occur
in a safe and controlled manner, the inelastic rotational demand on the walls and the
coupling beams must not exceed the inelastic rotational capacities of these elements.
The inelastic rotational demand on a concrete wall or coupling beam can be determined
using non-linear dynamic analysis; however simplified methods are preferable for design.
Axial forces are developed in the wall piers of a coupled wall system when shear
forces are transferred from the coupling beams. The Canadian Concrete Code A23.3-94
requires the factored resistance of the wall piers in axial tension be greater than or equal
to the sum of the nominal shear strengths of the coupling beams. While this certainly
applies to short walls, it is a matter of debate as to whether it should also be applied to
high-rise walls. Additionally, it is not known how the performance of coupled walls is
affected if the walls do yield in axial tension. Allowing for a reduction in the tension
capacity for tall coupled walls would allow for a more cost-effective design.
In this study, simple and rational procedures are developed to estimate the
inelastic rotational demand of concrete walls, and the maximum total coupling beam
chord rotation and, the performance of concrete walls with axial yielding is assessed.
These findings were derived on an understanding of the behaviour of concrete walls,
based on the results from numerous dynamic analyses.
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This work presents a method for estimating the expected damage caused by an earthquake
on steel buildings in Puerto Rico. Since Puerto Rico is located between a series of tectonic
faults, buildings could suffer the damages caused by a major earthquake. The objective of
this research is to develop the information needed for insurance companies to estimate the
earthquake damage of steel buildings in a simple and practical way. Steel buildings typically
found in Puerto Rico have been analyzed. The response of these buildings to many
acceleration time histories have been recorded. With these recorded data, fragility curves
which indicate the probability of a damage state to occur were created. A cost per square
foot has been assigned to each damage state. This cost is then multiplied by the probability
of damage for each damage state and the final expected cost for the total damage is obtained.
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Externally bonded fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are an increasingly
adopted technology for the renewal of existing concrete structures. In order to encourage the
further use of these materials, a design code is needed that considers the inherent material
variability of the composite, as well as the variations introduced during field manufacture and
environmental exposure while in service. Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) is a
reliability-based design methodology that provides an ideal framework for these
considerations and is compatible with existing trends in civil engineering design codes. This
dissertation studies the application of LRFD to FRP strengthening schemes with an emphasis
on wet layup, carbon fiber composites applied to reinforced concrete T-beam bridge girders.
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