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Author: Dr. S. K. Prasad Professor of Civil Engineering | Size: 0.62 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: S. J. College of Engineering, Mysore | pages: 25
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A large number of reinforced concrete multistoreyed frame buildings were heavily damaged and many of them collapsed completely in Bhuj earthquake of 2001 in the towns of Kachchh District (viz., Bhuj, Bhachao, Anjar, Gandhidham and Rapar) and other district towns including Surat and Ahmedabad. In Ahmedabad alone situated at more than 250 kilometers away from the Epicentre of the earthquake, 69 buildings collapsed killing about 700 persons. Earlier, in the earthquake at Kobe (Japan 1995) large number of multistoreyed RC frame buildings of pre 1981 code based design were severely damaged due to various deficiencies. Such behaviour is normally unexpected of RC frame buildings in MSK Intensity VIII and VII areas as happened in Kachchh earthquake of January 26, 2001. The aim of this paper is to bring out the main contributing factors which lead to poor performance during the earthquake and to make recommendations which should be taken into account in designing the multistoreyed reinforced concrete buildings so as to achieve their adequate safe behaviour under future earthquakes. The Indian Standard Code IS:1893 was suitably updated in 2002 so as to address the various design issues brought out in the earthquake behaviour of the RC Buildings. The paper highlights the main provisions of this code.
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JAPANESE SEISMIC DESIGN OF HIGH-RISE REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDINGS - AN EXAMPLE OF PERFORMANCE-BASED DESIGN CODE AND STATE OF PRACTICES -
Author: Shunsuke OTANI | Size: 0.8 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering Vancouver, B.C., Canada August 1-6, 2004 Paper No. 5010 | Year: 2004 | pages: 28
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This paper briefly reviews the development of seismic design requirements and the construction of highrise reinforced concrete buildings in Japan. The Urban Building Law limited the building height to 100 feet in 1919. The 1963 revision of Building Standard Law removed the height limitation, but the law required that the design and construction of high-rise buildings should be approved by the Minister of Construction because of their importance in the society and also because of the severe damage of high-rise buildings in the 1923 Kanto (Tokyo) Earthquake Disaster. The high-rise building of reinforced concrete was realized in the mid 1970s with the demand for high-quality condominium and apartment buildings in urban areas. Performance-based design regulations were introduced in the 1998 revision of Building Standard Law. A separate notification was issued to define performance requirements for high-rise buildings, but no design calculation methods were specified. This paper presents the state of practices to satisfy the performance-based regulations for gravity loads, snow loads, wind forces and earthquake forces with emphasis on the design of reinforced concrete structures.
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Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis and Design Earthquakes: Closing the Loop
Author: by Robin K. McGuire | Size: 2 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Vol. 85, No. 5, pp. 1275-1284, October 1995 | Year: 1995 | pages: 10
Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) is conducted because there
is a perceived earthquake threat: active seismic sources in the region may produce a
moderate-to-large earthquake. The analysis considers a multitude of earthquake oc-
currences and ground motions, and produces an integrated description of seismic
hazard representing all events. For design, analysis, retrofit, or other seismic risk
decisions a single "design earthquake" is often desired wherein the earthquake threat
is characterized by a single magnitude, distance, and perhaps other parameters. This
allows additional characteristics of the ground shaking to be modeled, such as du-
ration, nonstationarity of motion, and critical pulses. This study describes a method
wherein a design earthquake can be obtained that accurately represents the uniform
hazard spectrum from a PSHA. There are two key steps in the derivation. First, the
contribution to hazard by magnitude M, distance R, and e must be maintained sep-
arately for each attenuation equation used in the analysis. Here, e is the number of
standard deviations that the target ground motion is above or below the median
predicted motion for that equation. Second, the hazard for two natural frequencies
(herein taken to be 10 and 1 Hz) must be examined by seismic source to see if one
source dominates the hazard at both frequencies. This allows us to determine whether
it is reasonable to represent the hazard with a single design earthquake, and if so to
select the most-likely combination of M, R, and e (herein called the "beta earth-
quake") to accurately replicate the uniform hazard spectrum. This closes the loop
between the original perception of the earthquake threat, the consideration of all
possible seismic events that might contribute to that threat, and the representation of
the threat with a single (or few) set of parameters for design or analysis.
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Recommendations for the Seismic Design of High-rise Buildings
Author: h Recommendations for the Seismic Design of High-rise Buildings Draft for Comment - 1 21 February 2008 Principal Authors Michael Willford Andrew Whittaker Ron Klemencic | Size: 2 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Year: 21 February 2008 | pages: 28
There is a resurgence of construction of high rise and ultra-high rise buildings around the world. The design of these tall buildings in seismically active regions varies dramatically from region to region Whereas rigorous performance-based assessments are required in some countries, including Japan and China, many other countries do not require anything beyond a traditional design based on force reduction factors.
The objective of this Guide is to set out best practice for the seismic design of high-rise buildings anywhere in the world. Best practice for high-rise buildings is not represented by the traditional design codes such as the Uniform Building Code [ICBO, 1997] or its successor, the International Building Code [ICC, 2006]. Whilst these codes are referenced for the design of high-rise buildings in many countries, in part because the UBC still forms the basis for many national building codes, they are not suitable for the design of high-rise buildings for the following reasons:
1) They were developed for application to low and medium-rise buildings [and the framing systems used in those buildings] and not for the modern generation of tall buildings.
2) They permit only a limited number of structural systems for buildings taller than 49m in height, which are not economic for buildings of significantly greater height, and do not include systems that are appropriate for many high rise buildings
3) Rules appropriate at or below 49m are not necessarily valid at 100+m in height
4) The use of elastic response analysis with force reduction factors (denoted R in the United States) for strength design is inappropriate for buildings where several modes of vibration contribute significantly to the seismic response along each axis of a building.
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Size: 14.4 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: MARTYN S STOKER . JACK B PHEASANT ; Heiner josenhans | pages: 18
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Author: G. Schmidt, A. Tondl | Size: 5 MB | Format:PDF and Djvu | Quality:Scanner | Publisher: Cambridge University Press | Year: 2009 | pages: 421
This book expounds the theory of non-linear vibrations, a topic of great interest at present because of its many applications to important fields in physics and engineering. After introducing chapters giving the basic techniques for the study of non-linear systems the authors develop in detail the theory of selected topics encountered in their own work, presenting original material, approaches and results of analysis, and providing illustrations of useful applications.
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Advanced Vibrations: A Modern Approach is presented at a theoretical-practical level and explains mechanical vibrations concepts in detail, concentrating on their practical use. Related theorems and formal proofs are provided, as are real-life applications. Students, researchers and practicing engineers alike will appreciate the user-friendly presentation of a wealth of topics including but not limited to practical optimization for designing vibration isolators, and transient, harmonic and random excitations. This book also:
•Contains unique material based on statement-proof-examples
•Derives equations of motion using Newton-Euler and Lagrange methods
•Presents optimization of vibrating systems not normally covered in standard vibration books
Advanced Vibrations: A Modern Approach is an ideal book for designers, practitioner engineers, and students of engineering.
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