Geotechnical Information Practices in Design-Build Projects
Author: Gransberg, Douglas D Loulakis, Michael C | Size: 1.96 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Transportation Research Board | Year: 2012 | pages: 124 | ISBN: 9780309223560
Use of the design-build project delivery method by state agencies for transportation projects is increasing each year. This study reviews how states use geotechnical information in solicitation documents and contracts for design-build highway projects. The report examines current practices regarding the allocation of geotechnical risk and the level of geotechnical information provided with bid documents, the scope of geotechnical information required after contract award, geotechnical-related performance testing during construction, and contract provisions related to geotechnical design and construction. Information used in this study was gathered through a literature review, a survey of state departments of transportation (DOTs), analysis of design-build policy guidelines and solicitation documents from state DOTs, and interviews with design-build contractors. The report also provides case studies on legal and engineering geotechnical issues.
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Autodesk Autocad Utility Design Version 2013 (WIN64)
Size: 1.91 GB
AutoCAD Utility Design software is a model-based design solution for electrical distribution networks that combines design and documentation with standards-driven workflows and analysis. Utility designers and engineers can improve productivity, analyze and optimize network designs for performance and reliability, and deliver more consistent and coordinated construction documentationall in a familiar AutoCAD software environment.
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IMPORTANT NOTICE: You may use this software for evaluation purposes only.
If you like it, it is strongly suggested you buy it to support the developers.
By any means you may not use this software to make money or use it for commercial purpose.
In the United States it is estimated that 75% of all roads are low-volume roads maintained by some 35,000 local agencies. Low-volume roads often omit surface slope protection, and this can lead to slope failure, erosion, and maintenance, safety, and ecological issues. This report presents information on cost-effective and sustainable road slope stabilization techniques, with a focus on shallow or near-surface slope stabilization and related erosion control methods used on low-volume roads. To fully address this topic, planning and site investigation are discussed, as well as erosion control techniques, soil bioengineering and biotechnical techniques, mechanical stabilization, and earthwork techniques. Information presented in this report was obtained through an extensive literature review, and from survey and interview responses. From the survey responses, 30 individuals were interviewed based on the information they made available in the survey. A total of 25 interviews were conducted over the phone, and in two cases written responses were received.
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A Process for Selecting Strategies for Rehabilitation of Rigid Pavements
Author: National Cooperative Highway Research Program | Size: 3.52 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Transportation Research Board | Year: 2002 | pages: 129 | ISBN: -
State highway agencies (SHAs) are under pressure to mitigate poor pavement conditions through maintenance, rehabilitation, and reconstruction (MRR) work while accelerating construction, minimizing traffic disruption, reducing accident risk, and improving public acceptance. Much of this work is performed with limited funds. SHAs have a range of engineering processes for pavement analysis and design. These pavement-related processes focus on pavement condition and causes of pavement distress to identify appropriate pavement treatments. Pavement related processes determine "what is done." Traffic and construction management processes, nonpavement-related, are also commonly considered to identify "how the pavement treatment is accomplished." Little information is available on how to integrate these nonpavement-related processes into the MRR strategy selection process for rigid pavements. These nonpavement-related aspects of an MRR strategy have, perhaps, the greatest impact on road users and local businesses and may actually have the major influence on strategy selection for high traffic volume pavements. An integrated selection process that considers a number of potential alternatives to both the pavement- and nonpavement-related aspects of an MRR strategy is needed. This process will aid decision makers in selecting the most appropriate strategy for MRR of rigid pavement subjected to high-traffic volumes. National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 10-50A was conducted to develop this selection process. The research was conducted in two phases. The first phase determined the elements that comprised an MRR strategy and proposed a preliminary process. The second phase of the research fully developed the preliminary process. This development effort created the detailed information required to implement the steps of the process as well as the structure and format for describing the process. The proposed selection process was then demonstrated through project specific applications provided by SHAs and documented as case studies.
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Improved Live Load Deflection Criteria for Steel Bridges
Author: National Cooperative Highway Research Program | Size: 1.01 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Transportation Research Board | Year: 2002 | pages: 147 | ISBN: -
This research examined the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) live-load deflection limit for steel bridges. The AASHTO Standard Specification limits live-load deflections to L/800 for ordinary bridges and L/1000 for bridges in urban areas that are subject to pedestrian use. This limit is also incorporated in the AASHTO Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) Specifications in the form of optional serviceability criteria. This limit has not been a controlling factor in most past bridge designs, but it will play a greater role in the design of bridges built with new high performance 70W steel. This study documented the role of the AASHTO live-load deflection limit of steel bridge design, determined whether the limit has beneficial effects on serviceability and performance, and established whether the deflection limit was needed. Limited time and funding was provided for this study, but an ultimate goal was to establish recommendations for new design provisions that would assure serviceability, good structural performance and economy in design and construction.
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Repair and Rehabilitation of Bridge Components Containing Epoxy-Coated Reinforcement
Author: National Cooperative Highway Research Program | Size: 4.13 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Transportation Research Board | Year: 2002 | pages: 192 | ISBN: -
The primary goal of this effort was to address the anticipated need for premature repair and rehabilitation of concrete bridge elements containing epoxy-coated rebar (ECR). Laboratory, test yard, and field studies were conducted to evaluate and validate applicable strategies. The performance of each strategy was judged by the level of corrosion protection afforded in and outside the repair area. Based on the results of this effort, credible information available in literature, and the collective experience of the research team, a decision matrix was developed. The decision matrix matches appropriate repair and rehabilitation strategies to the damage mode, present condition, environmental exposure, and future propensity of corrosion. The evaluation of strategies was subdivided into two categories, one applicable to the mitigation of corrosion in cracks and the other to delaminations and spalls. Several possible combinations of an epoxy injection material and two corrosion inhibitors were evaluated for corrosion mitigation in both corrosion and non-corrosion induced cracks. Injection of cracks was accomplished using bisphenol A and polyamine curing agent. Of the two surface applied (migrating) corrosion inhibitors used, one contained water based amine and an oxygenated hydrocarbon and the other contained calcium nitrite as the active agent. None of the repair strategies evaluated in this category exhibited any ability to provide protection against corrosion in the two spheres of interest, i.e., directly at the crack and the area adjacent to the cracks. Various combinations of three patch materials [pre-bagged portland cement concrete (PCC), pre-bagged polymer modified silica fume concrete, and Class III PCC], three rebar coatings (epoxy coating, water based epoxy resin/portland cement coating, and water based alkaline coating with corrosion inhibitor), and four corrosion inhibitors (water based amine and an oxygenated hydrocarbon migrating corrosion inhibitor, water based amine and an oxygenated hydrocarbon admixture, calcium nitrite admixture, and a multi-component corrosion inhibitor and concrete densifier admixture) were used in the evaluation of repair strategies applicable to delaminations and spalls. No benefit was discernable from the use of admixed and migrating corrosion inhibitors in repair areas and/or areas adjacent to the repair. The best response from a corrosion protection standpoint was demonstrated by a high resistance, low permeability silica fume modified patch material and an epoxy rebar coating compatible with ECR in the repair area. The water based alkaline coating with corrosion inhibitor showed promise in providing protection in the repair area. Impressed current cathodic protection applied to slabs for over 7.2 years successfully mitigated corrosion. The control slabs continued to corrode and experience corrosion induced damage, whereas, the cathodically protected ones did not suffer corrosion induced damage. Also, the current densities used to protect black reinforcing steel were found to be adequate to protect ECR.
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Author: Hughes, W Eccles, K Harwood, D Potts, I Hauer, E | Size: 2.33 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Transportation Research Board | Year: 2004 | pages: 303 | ISBN: -
This report documents and presents the results of a study to develop an annotated outline, prototype chapter, and work plan for the first edition of the Highway Safety Manual (HSM). The purpose of the HSM will be to provide the best factual information and tools, in a useful and widely accepted form, to facilitate roadway planning, design, and operational decisions based upon explicit consideration of their safety consequences.
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Geofoam Applications in the Design and Construction of Highway Embankments
Author: Stark, T D Arellano, D Horvath, J S Leshchinsky, D | Size: 10.32 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Transportation Research Board | Year: 2004 | pages: 792 | ISBN: -
This report is a comprehensive document that provides both state-of-the art knowledge and state-of-the-practice design guidance for the use of geofoam in roadway embankments and bridge approaches. This document presents a design guideline or procedure as well as an appropriate material and construction standard, both in AASHTO format. It is anticipated that this document will encourage greater and more consistent use of expanded polystyrene (EPS)-block geofoam in roadway embankments. The ultimate benefit of this is an optimization of both the technical performance as well as cost of EPS-block geofoam embankments. It is anticipated that designers will be more willing to consider EPS-block geofoam as an alternative for construction of embankments over soft ground using the design methodology and construction standard presented herein. The research has confirmed that EPS-block geofoam can provide a safe and economical solution to problems with construction of roadway embankments on soft soils. This report is designed to produce a single source of information on the present knowledge of geofoam usage in roadway embankments.
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