Assessment and Rehabilitation of Existing Culverts
Author: Wyant, D C | Size: 3.35 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Transportation Research Board | Year: 2002 | pages: 80 | ISBN: 0309069203
This synthesis report will be of interest to department of transportation, county, and municipal engineers, as well as to other transportation professionals who are concerned with the condition and maintenance of buried culverts and storm sewers. Its objective is to determine the state of the practice of pipe assessment, the selection of appropriate repair or rehabilitation methods, and the management aspects of a pipe program. This report provides information on plastic, concrete, and metal pipes and their appurtenances, including inlets, manholes, joints, and headwalls. It also provides information on how transportation agencies have incorporated pipe assessment and corrective work (repair or rehabilitation) into a pipe management system and eventually into the larger transportation management system. Rehabilitation specifications and methods of field report are presented as well. The study presents what management systems and methods are being used by transportation agencies to predict the service life of pipes. This report of the Transportation Research Board contains information derived from survey responses from 39 state transportation agencies (including Guam and Puerto Rico), 21 federal agencies, and 15 localities, including county road commissions, public works departments, and county engineering departments. In addition, a literature search was conducted to determine the current state of the practice.
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This report presents the state of the practice about commonly used expansion joint systems in bridges. Specifically, it summarizes performance data for each system type and contains examples of selection criteria and design guidelines. The report will be of interest to bridge engineers and designers, and any agencies responsible for bridge operation and maintenance. Topics covered include a review of the current practice, expansion joint types and features, selection criteria and design guidelines, provisions to test joint seal watertightness, and lessons for maximizing the service life of joint systems. Information in support of this study came from the responses to a survey questionnaire from 34 states and 10 Canadian provinces. Questions addressed design procedures, use and experience, construction practices, maintenance and rehabilitation, and problems. Supplemental information relating to bridge deck selection and design criteria was provided by several states. Portions of the joint system guidelines of these states, which are considered important for purposes of comparison, are contained in the report.
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Author: Russell, H G | Size: 7.09 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Transportation Research Board | Year: 2004 | pages: 109 | ISBN: 0309070112
This synthesis report provides information on previous and current design and construction practices used to improve the performance of bridge decks. The primary focus is on North American practice for cast-in-place (full depth and partial depth), reinforced concrete bridge decks on steel beams, concrete I- and T-beams, or concrete box beams. Information was obtained on the following topics: factors that contribute to the durability of concrete bridge decks; performance of various types of deck protection strategies; lessons learned and the current state of the practice in design, construction, and maintenance of concrete bridge decks; available comparative analysis of the effects of using different methods and materials; specific reports of successes and failures; sample design and construction specifications; available life-cycle cost information; research in progress; and suggestions for future study. This synthesis report combines information obtained from survey responses from bridge owners and from a literature review.
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Pavement Management Applications Using Geographic Information Systems
Author: Flintsch, G W Dymond, R Collura, J | Size: 6.19 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Transportation Research Board | Year: 2004 | pages: 73 | ISBN: 0309070147
This report documents the state of the practice and knowledge of pavement management systems (PMS) using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and other spatial technologies and discusses how the technologies have been combined to enhance the highway management process. The synthesis reviews the principal issues related to PMS data collection, integration, management, and dissemination; applications of spatial technologies for map generation and PMS spatial analysis; and implementation-related issues, including approaches used for integrating PMS and GIS and the different tools used to support pavement management decisions. This synthesis contains information drawn from a variety of sources, including a literature review, an electronic survey of state practices, and follow-up interviews with a select number of state transportation agencies.
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Author: Berger, R L | Size: 3.04 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Transportation Research Board | Year: 2005 | pages: 88 | ISBN: 0309070228
This synthesis report will be of interest to state department of transportation (DOT) management and personnel, as well as to other professionals in both the public and private sectors. Its primary purpose is to report on the incorporation of integrated roadside vegetation management decision-making processes into highway project planning, design, construction, and maintenance, as well as to document existing research and practice.
This synthesis report of the Transportation Research Board contains information culled from survey responses received from transportation agencies in 21 states and 5 Canadian provinces. Survey results offer up a broadly varied picture of the state of the practice. An overall increase in environmental knowledge and regulation has triggered implementation of individual vegetation management methods that are environmentally responsive, but often very costly. This has greatly challenged DOTs. Although there is little documentation, some example documents are presented to supplement text references. This information is combined with reviews of applicable literature to yield a compendium of successful practice and that which might have potential for success and implementation in other state DOTs.
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This synthesis report will be of interest to state transportation agencies (STAs) and their contractors as they implement Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (DBE) regulations as set forth in the U.S. Department of Transportation Final Rule, revised February 2, 1999. The revised Final Rule caused STAs to change the way they do business by prescribing new regulations, but also providing additional flexibility. The resulting different approaches to requirements among STAs are discussed, including bidder's lists; prompt payment provisions; return of retainage provisions; actual achievements, including accounting and reporting procedures; good faith efforts; and compliance, including substitutions, fraud, and commercially useful functions. The synthesis also includes information on construction and construction management contracts, design-build projects, master contracts (indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity, services on demand, and task ordering), pass-through to local agencies, and STA performance measures. The scope of the study applies generally to all DBE programs, but specifically to those in the highway transportation sector.
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Author: Mertz, Dennis R Beckmann, Fred R | Size: 837 KB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Transportation Research Board | Year: 2005 | pages: 86 | ISBN: 0309097487
This synthesis will be of interest to all individuals involved in steel bridge fabrication, assembly, and erection. It examines, discusses, and analyzes steel bridge erection practices for I-girder, tub-girder, and box-girder bridges; particularly curved, skewed, and staged structures. Key topics considered include the impact of design and analysis practices on erection; methods used to predict erection deflections as a function of bridge type and complexity; shop-assembly practices and alternate methods of ensuring properly assembled geometry; stability issues; field connection practices; examples of structures in which erection practices have caused problems; owner requirements for erection procedures, implementation of requirements, and the impact of procedures on the quality of erection; and current and proposed research. This synthesis reports on the responses to three questionnaires sent to all U.S. state departments of transportation (DOTs) and Canadian provinces, 24 steel bridge fabricators, and 25 steel bridge erectors and contractors. Responses were received from 30 state DOTs, 2 provinces, 15 fabricators, and 4 erectors. Follow-up information was gathered by telephone interviews.
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This synthesis identifies and explains various inspection and maintenance techniques for bridge stay cable systems. It discusses both short- and long-term approaches. Topics covered included methods for inspections and assessments, including nondestructive testing and evaluation procedures; repair and retrofit; methods for control of cable vibrations, including rain-wind vibrations; stay cable fatigue and failure; effectiveness of various inspection and repair methods; limitations of available technologies; and trends and recommendations for future study. This synthesis effort was based on a comprehensive review of domestic and international literature on the inspection, repair, testing, and design of stay cable. On-line sources of information as well as engineering databases were examined. A questionnaire was distributed to all state and provincial departments of transportation in the United States and Canada to determine current state of the practice. Also, contacts were made with a number of knowledgeable individuals for information. Additional information was gathered from the examination of test reports and condition assessments from inspection of cable-stayed bridges, a review of a limited number of maintenance and inspection manuals for cable-stayed bridges, and a patent search using the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office database.
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This synthesis may be useful to bridge owners and consulting engineers engaged in the design, inspection, and management of bridges with fracture-critical details, as a guide to present specifications and engineering judgment. It focuses on the inspection and maintenance of bridges with fracture-critical members (FCMs), as defined in the AASHTO "LRFD Bridge Design Specifications." The objectives of this report were to survey and identify gaps in the literature; determine practices and problems with how bridge owners define, identify, document, inspect, and manage bridges with fracture-critical details; and identify specific research needs. Among the areas examined were: inspection frequencies and procedures; methods for calculating remaining fatigue life; qualification, availability, and training of inspectors; cost of inspection programs; instances where inspection programs prevented failures; retrofit techniques; fabrication methods and inspections; and experience with FCM fractures and problems details. This synthesis contains information obtained from a survey distributed to bridge owners and consultant inspectors (72 state, provincial, and international departments of transportation and agencies), a literature search, and targeted interviews. Useful responses were received from 34 states and three Canadian provinces.
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Author: Sirles, Phil C | Size: 4.00 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Transportation Research Board | Year: 2008 | pages: 116 | ISBN: 0309097649
This synthesis presents the state of the practice regarding the use of geophysics for transportation projects. The report focuses on U.S. state and Canadian provincial departments of transportation (DOTs), and U.S. federal transportation agencies. The main points addressed include who is using geophysics and why, which methods and applications are the most commonly used, the use of in-house expertise compared with contracting private consultants, and how geophysical service contracts are procured and implemented. The scope was limited to how geophysics is being applied by geotechnical engineers during highway planning and construction activities. The information included in this synthesis was obtained from a review of the published literature; a survey of all 50 state DOTs, the District of Columbia, Canadian provinces, and selected federal government agencies; and follow-up telephone interviews designed to clarify or expand on particular aspects of some survey responses.
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