This guide can assist in planning and decision making regarding the alternatives available when impacts to wetland areas are being considered. The purpose of this manual is to provide guidance on wetlands mitigation to transportation designers as well as to personnel in construction, operations, maintenance, landscape design, and related environmental fields. It is not intended to be a highly technical manual for wetland specialists.
Content:
Front Matter
• Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Mitigation
3. Mitigation Site Development Process
4. Post-Construction Management
• Glossary of Terms
• Key Laws, Regulations, and Policy
• Selected Bibliography
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This guide provides information on how to accommodate bicycle travel and operations in most riding environments. It is intended to present sound guidelines that result in facilities that meet the needs of bicyclists and other highway users. Sufficient flexibility is permitted to encourage designs that are sensitive to local context and incorporate the needs of bicyclists, pedestrians, and motorists. However, in some sections of this guide, suggested minimum dimensions are provided. These are recommended only where further deviation from desirable values could increase crash frequency or severity. This guide has been updated from the previous guide published in 1999. The fact that new guidance is presented herein does not imply that existing bicycle facilities are inadequate or unsafe, nor does it mandate the initiation of improvement projects. The intent of this document is to provide guidance to designers and planners by referencing a recommended range of design values and describing alternative design approaches.
Content:
Front Matter
• List of Figures
• List of Tables
• Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Bicycle Planning
3. Bicycle Operation and Safety
4. Design of On-Road Facilities
5. Design of Shared Use Paths
6. Bicycle Parking Facilities
7. Maintenance and Operations
Index
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A State Department of Transportation's (DOT) ability to successfully manage and deliver its program is largely dependent on an ability to develop realistic estimates of project cost. Cost estimating involves not only the collection of relevant factors relating to the scope of a project and the cost of resources, but it also requires anticipating cost impacts that may occur due to changes in project scope, available resources, and national and global market conditions. This publication provides “practical” guidance that serves those charged with the development of DOT cost estimates and with the management of the estimating process. This guidebook has two parts. Part I focuses on key cost-estimate techniques and Part II focuses on cost management activities.
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The roadside vegetation manager today is faced with dwindling resources, increasing environmental and legal constraints, and increasing public pressure to provide safe and aesthetically pleasing roadsides. Throughout the United States, and the world, roadside vegetation managers face similar challenges and opportunities. These guidelines draw on the long-term experience and expertise of these vegetation managers to provide the basic knowledge required to establish a roadside vegetation management program.
Includes supplemental Appendices materials that include a state DOT survey that provides valuable summary responses from 30 states on vegetation issues; a detailed list of 40 common invasive weeds and how to treat them; and a detailed list of defined technical terms.
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This manual is a resource for transportation planners in state, regional, and local government in analyzing the benefits and costs of highway projects and presenting the results to decision-makers, the media, and the public..
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Graphic methods for structural design essentially translate problems of algebra into geometric representations, allowing solutions to be reached using geometric construction (ie: drawing pictures) instead of tedious and error-prone arithmetic. This was the common method before the invention of calculators and computers, but had been largely abandoned in the last half century in favor of numerical techniques. However, in recent years the convenience and ease of graphic statics has made a comeback in architecture and engineering. Several professors have begun using graphic statics in the classroom.and.studio environment. But until now, there had been no guidebook that rapidly brings students up to speed on the fundamentals of how to create graphical solutions to statics problems.
Graphic Statics introduces all of the traditional graphic statics techniques in a parametric drawing format, using the free program GeoGebra. Then, advanced topics such as indeterminate beams and three dimensional curved surfaces are be covered. Along the way, links to wider design ideas are introduced in a succinct summary of the steps needed to create elegant solutions to many static equilibrium problems.
Meant for students in civil and architectural engineering, architecture,and construction, this practical introduction will also be useful to professionals looking to add the power of graphic statics to their work.
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Reinforced concrete structures are one of the major structural types and must adhere to design regulation codes. It is ideal to find the best design (section dimension, material type, and amount of reinforcement) with the minimum cost providing the design constraints (design formulation considering loading of structure). Metaheuristic methods inspired by natural phenomena can consider design constraints by combining the analyses of formulation of reinforced concrete structures with an iterative numerical algorithm using several convergence options of random generation of candidate design solutions.
Metaheuristic Approaches for Optimum Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures: Emerging Research and Opportunities is a pivotal reference source that focuses on several metaheuristic algorithms and the design of several types of structural members. Additionally, retrofit applications and seismic design issues are considered for readers in earthquake zones. Highlighting a wide range of topics including algorithms, design variables, and retrofit design, this book is ideally designed for architects, engineers, urban designers, government officials, policymakers, researchers, academicians, and students.
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The emergence of metaheuristic algorithms has significantly improved the ways in which engineers and researchers carry out computations in structural mechanics.
The first change was in structural design: the use of metaheuristic algorithms enabled the optimization of structures with a number of key parameters and constraints, including those with nonlinearities and multiple objectives. The second improvement – also centered on optimization – came within the field of structural analysis, and concerned total potential energy. Furthermore, certain problems within structural analysis which had previously been unsolvable, such as structures with ill-conditioned stiffness matrices, those with all types of constraints and nonlinearities, those with multiple equilibrium configurations, and even under-constrained structures, were now within the reach of researchers and engineers.
This book uses historical context to clearly present the state-of-the-art of both structural design and structural analysis with carefully chosen examples from the literature. The book concludes by addressing the fact that there is still important work to be done within these fields.
Contents
1. Evolution of Structural Analysis and Design.
2. Metaheuristic Algorithms.
3. Application of Metaheuristic Algorithms to Structural Problems.
4. Applications of Metaheuristic Algorithms in Structural Design.
5. Optimization of Truss-like Structures.
6. Optimization of Structures and Members.
7. Optimization in Structural Control Problems.
8. Applications of Metaheuristic Algorithms to Structural Analysis.
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The objective of the 2nd Edition of these guidelines is to improve the quality of the traffic information that supports decisions at all levels of the transportation profession. Traffic data programs are essential for State Departments of Transportation to accomplish their mission of ensuring safety and mobility to the traveling public. Traffic data supports capital investment programs and budgets, as well as effective design and maintenance programs. This document is a reference for professional traffic monitoring and establishes recommended national traffic monitoring practices that reflect current practice and advances made in the past several years. Since publication of the 1st Edition of the guidelines in 1992, many advances have been made in traffic monitoring procedures, and updated editions of the TMG were published in 1994 and 2001. The guidebook is intended for use by state and local transportation agencies, as well as others involved in traffic data programs.
Content:
Front Matter
• Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Traffic Data Collection Needs
3. Traffic Monitoring Equipment
4. Quality Assurance for Traffic Data
5. Summarizing Traffic Data
6. Reporting and Managing Traffic Data
7. Integrating Operations Data
Appendices
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Description:
This 13th Edition of the AASHTO Provisional Standards contains a complete set of 41 provisional materials specifications and test methods. All Provisional Standards are approved for publication by the AASHTO Highway Subcommittee on Materials. Provisional Standards are standards which have been adopted by the Highway Subcommittee on Materials on a temporary basis for a maximum of eight years. A chronology of the year-to-year status of the Provisional Standards during the past eight years is included. At any time during the eight-year period, the Subcommittee can ballot to convert a Provisional Standard into a Full Standard. The Subcommittee, so far, has converted 58 Provisional Standards into Full Standards. These Standards are now regularly published in the AASHTO Standard Specifications for Transportation Materials and Methods of Sampling and Testing.
Content:
Front Matter
• Table of Contents
Aggregates MP 16-07 - Reclaimed Concrete Aggregate for Use as Coarse Aggregate in Hydraulic Cement Concrete
TP 77-09 - Specific Gravity and Absorption of Aggregate by Volumetric Immersion Method
Bituminous Materials MP 15-09 - Use of Reclaimed Asphalt Shingles as an Additive in Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA)
PP 53-09 - Design Considerations When Using Reclaimed Asphalt Shingles (RAS) in New Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA)
PP 60-09 - Preparation of Cylindrical Performance Test Specimens Using the Superpave Gyratory Compactor (SGC)
PP 61-09 - Developing Dynamic Modulus Master Curves for Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) Using the Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester (AMPT)
PP 62-09 - Developing Dynamic Modulus Master Curves for Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA)
TP 62-07 - Determining Dynamic Modulus of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA)
TP 63-09 - Determining Rutting Susceptibility of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) Using the Asphalt Pavement Analyzer (APA)
TP 68-04 - Density of In-Place Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) Pavement by Electronic Surface Contact Devices
TP 70-09 - Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR) Test of Asphalt Binder Using a Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR)
TP 71-09 - Evaluation of Superpave Gyratory Compactor (SGC) Internal Angle of Gyration Using Simulated Loading
TP 72-08 - Quantitative Determination of the Percentage of Lime in Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA)
TP 78-09 - Detecting the Presence of Phosphorous in Asphalt Binder
TP 79-09 - Determining the Dynamic Modulus and Flow Number for Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) Using the Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester (AMPT)
Box Culvert, Culvert Pipe, and Drain Tile PP 63-09 - Pipe Joint Selection for Highway Culvert and Storm Drains
Concrete PP 54-06 - Match Curing of Concrete Test Specimens
TP 59-00 - Determining Air Content of Hardened Portland Cement Concrete by High-Pressure Air Meter
TP 64-03 - Predicting Chloride Penetration of Hydraulic Cement Concrete by the Rapid Migration Procedure
TP 73-09 - Slump Flow of Self-Consolidating Concrete (SCC)
TP 74-09 - Passing Ability of Self-Consolidating Concrete (SCC) by J-Ring
TP 75-08 - Air-Void Characteristics of Freshly Mixed Concrete by Buoyancy Change
TP 80-09 - Visual Stability Index (VSI) of Self-Consolidating Concrete (SCC)
Metallic Materials and Coatings for Bridges MP 12-04 - Detectable Warning Surfaces
MP 13M/MP 13-04 - Stainless Clad Deformed and Plain Round Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
MP 18M/MP 18-09 - Uncoated, Corrosion-Resistant, Deformed and Plain Alloy, Billet-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement and Dowels
PP 45-07 - Qualification of Deformed and Plain Steel Bar Producing Mills
PP 55-06 - Overcoating Field Test Program for Evaluating Protective Coatings on Existing Bridges or Salvaged Beams
Pavement Structures MP 11-08 - Inertial Profiler
MP 14-08 - Smoothness of Pavement in Weigh-in-Motion (WIM) Systems
MP 17-08 - Pavement Ride Quality When Measured Using Inertial Profiling Systems
PP 44-01 - Quantifying Cracks in Asphalt Pavement Surface
PP 49-08 - Certification of Inertial Profiling Systems
PP 50-07 - Operating Inertial Profilers and Evaluating Pavement Profiles
TP 76-09 - Measurement of Tire/Pavement Noise Using the On-Board Sound Intensity (OBSI) Method
Quality Assurance PP 56-06 - Evaluating the Engineering and Environmental Suitability of Recycled Materials
PP 57-06 - Establishing Requirements for and Performing Equipment Calibrations, Standardizations, and Checks
Soils MP 9-06 - Compost for Erosion/Sediment Control (Filter Berms and Filter Socks)
MP 10-03 - Compost for Erosion/Sediment Control (Compost Blankets)
PP 59-09 - Coal Combustion Fly Ash for Embankments
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