Standard Penetration Test Proceures and the Effect on Sands of Overburden Pressure, relative Density, Ageing and Overconsolidation
Author(s): A. W. Skempton
Published By:Geotechnique
Published Year:1986
Size: 1.70 MB
Quality:Scanner(OCR)
Abstract: Granted that good site control is exercised in carrying out the standard penetration test the energy delivered
to the sampler, and therefore the blow count obtained in any given sand deposit at a particular effective overburden pressure, can still vary to a significant extent depending on the method of releasing the hammer, on the type of anvil and on the length of rods (if less than 10 m).
For consistency it is essential to correct the observed blow count N to the value which would have been measured using a specified rod energy.
A recommended value, which should be recognized internationally, is 60% of the free-fall energy of the standard hammer weight and drop.
The corrected blow count is then designated as N 60 and the normalized value (N 1)60 at unit effective pressure ( 1 kg/cm 2 or 100 kPa) may be regarded as a basic characteristic of the sand.
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Geotechnical Design of Retaining Walls - Limit State Analysis in geotechnical Engineering - The Collapse of Diaphragm Walls Retaining Clay - The Strength and Dilatancy of Sands
Author(s): M. D. Bolton
Size: 3.36 MB
Quality:Scanner(OCR)
Abstract: Collection of M. D. Bolton's geotechnical research papers.
It includes "The Strength and Dilatancy of Sands" paper (1986).
.... "Extensive data of the strength and dilatancy of 17 sands in axisymmetric or plane strain at different densities and confining pressures are collated. The critical state angle
of shearing resistance of soil which is shearing at constant
volume is principally a function of mineralogy and can readily be determined experimentally within a margin of about 1 °, being roughly 33° for quartz and 40° for feldspar" ....
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Foreword
There is no doubt that Performance-Based Seismic Design (PBSD) is an integral andcimportant component of the future of earthquake engineering. PBSD, which started as a trend for the rehabilitation of existing structures in 1990s by the publication of Vision 2000 and FEMA-356 documents, has been extended to a viable and rational approach to the design of new structures. Many tall buildings in Los Angeles, San Francisco, and elsewhere have been or are being designed using PBSD methodology.
A new generation of PBSD methodologies is currently under development by the Applied Technology Council under its ATC-58 project. Organizations such as the Los Angeles Tall Buildings Structural Design Council and the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center are actively pursuing new developments and guidelines for the application of PBSD methodology for the design and evaluation of major structures.
One shortcoming of all existing PBSD approaches is that they are all basically more of an evaluation methodology than a design strategy. In other words, existing PBSD methodologies provide guidance and tools for the evaluation of seismic performance of a building that has already been designed. They do not provide clear guidance on how to design a building to achieve a desired performance. This is precisely what this book does. It provides a clear step-by-step approach that can be followed to design a building that would satisfy the desired performance given a level of seismic excitation.
The methodology presented in this book relieves the structural engineer from performing elaborate nonlinear time-history analyses during the design phase of the project and limits the application of nonlinear time-history analysis to its proper place:
verification of adequate performance of an already-designed building. This is achieved by the application of simple rules of plastic design in steel, capacity-design principles, and the application of a simple static lateral force profile, which is similar to, yet somewhat different from, the static lateral force profile specified by the current prescriptive codes. The result is a building that is designed using basic engineering
analysis and design techniques that performs as intended when subjected to earthquakes of specified intensity.
What makes this book exceptional is not only the fact that it explains the elegant design methodology discussed earlier, but that it applies the methodology to various structural systems via clear explanations and numerous design examples, where every step of the process is clearly defined and demonstrated.
I have no doubt that every serious practitioner of seismic design of steel structures will find this book immensely useful and practical. Teachers and students of university courses on plastic design will find this book to be a valuable teaching and learning tool. The authors should be congratulated for their significant contribution to the art and practice of structural engineering. This is a job well done!
Farzad Naeim, Ph.D., S.E., Esq.
Vice President and General Counsel
John A. Martin & Associates, Inc.
Los Angeles, CA
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VSL - Segmental Bridge Construction Techniques - 2012
Author(s): Bob Sward
Published By:VSL
Published Year:2012
Size: 5.08 MB
Quality:Original Preprint
Abstract: Segmental Bridge Construction Techniques Presented by: Bob Sward 2012 PTI Convention Nashville, TN May 7, 2012
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BEARING CAPACITY OF PILE FOUNDATIONS BASED ON CPT RESULTS IN ACCORDANCE TO POLISH STANDARDS AND EUROCODE 7
Author(s): Bartlomiej Czado, Bogumil Wrana
Published By:AGH Journal of Mining and Civil Engineering
Published Year:2012
Size: 46.10 MB
Quality:Original Preprint
Abstract: The results of the cone penetration test (CPT) are widely applicable in calculations of bearing capacity of foundation piles [1]. During the test two basic parameters were measured:
cone tip resistance qc and shaft friction fs.
The results may be used indirectly — in the first stage for the soil properties recognition (determination of the soil names), then for the determination of soil density or consistency parameters ID and IL and in particular soil strata. This approach may be applied to the pile design in accordance with Polish Standard PN-83/B-02482 [4] as soil type and the density/consistency parameter value are in this case the basis for the determination of soil unit resistances.
On the other hand, the possibility of the direct use of the CPT results for thedetermination
of compressive resistance of an axially loaded single pile is described in Part 2 of the
Eurocode 7 [7], concerning ground investigation and testing procedures.
Examples of calculating methods are presented in Annexes D.6 and D.7 of this standard.
For those methods a precise recognition of soil type is not necessary.
The results of the cone penetration test in the procedure of Polish Standards can be used for the isolation of soil zones in which measured parameters have similar values.
This leads to relatively precise soil classification (determination of soil name) and separation of the geotechnical strata.
For this purpose a modified Robertson’s chart [2] is used, which has been adapted for Polish soil names in the PN-B-04452:2002 standard [5] (Fig. 1).
Polish Standard presents correlation formulas to assess the CPT tip penetration resistance qc based on the values of ID or IL.
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Attached is also the reference standard; the method is very used in central-eastern Europe for the design of deep foundations and sheet-pile walls.
Report from Mayne and Kulhawy (1990) may be used to estimate the values of the effective internal friction angle and of the effective cohesion in the framework of the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion.
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Does anyone have a copy of this for the 2012 IBC or 2016 CBC? Thanks
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AutoDesk River and Flood Analysis Module for AutoCAD Civil 3D 2018
Size: 87 MB
Code:
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