This European Standard specifies test methods for determining the strength and deformation characteristics of
laterally loaded connections with nail, screws, dowels and bolts in load-bearing timber structures.
The methods assess connections with members of timber (solid timber or glued laminated timber) or wood-based
products or metal plates (but not punched metal plate fasteners) in the combination proposed for use in service.
The methods are used to determine load-slip characteristics and maximum load of connections where various
angles between the applied force and the timber grain direction, or the main direction of the wood-based products,
respectively, are possible.
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THERMAL RESPONSE OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES IN NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
Author: Kaspar Willam, Yunping Xi , Keun Lee and Byunhun Kim | Size: 7.7 MB | Format:PDF | Publisher: University of Colorado at Boulder | Year: 2009 | pages: 210
This is the report for a research project sponsored by Oak Ridge National Laboratory in 2008 –
2009. The objectives of the project were to review and summarize thermal responses of
reinforced concrete structures used in nuclear power plants. There are totally three parts of the
report. The first part focuses on responses of various materials under high temperatures
including concrete and steel, the second part on structural performances, and the third on spalling
damage of concrete under high temperatures.
The first part of the report includes several aspects: damage mechanisms of the materials under
high temperatures, available experimental results, current code specifications, and prediction
models for thermal responses of the materials. The material properties include strength, stiffness,
stress-strain relations, transport properties (e.g. thermal conductivity), short-term thermal
expansion, long-term thermal creep, shrinkage, and the interactive effects among temperature
variation, vapor diffusion, and mechanical loading in concrete. The bond behavior between
concrete and steel under high temperatures is also included. This part is listed as the first part of
the report, because thermal responses of reinforced concrete structures used in nuclear power
plants depend on thermal responses of materials such as concrete and steel under high
temperatures.
The second part of the report focuses on the structural responses of reinforced concrete structures
under high temperatures, such as beams, columns, and slabs. The second part of the review
includes available experimental results, current code specifications, and prediction models for
thermal responses of the reinforced concrete structures. In addition, we developed a numerical
model for characterizing high temperature responses of reinforced concrete beams. The model
prediction was compared with available test data in the literature and with predicted results by a
commercial finite element code.
The third part of the report is for spalling damage of concrete under high temperatures, which is
a special form of fire damage when the heating rate is very high. The review includes
experimental results, damage mechanisms, and theoretical and numerical analysis. A recently
developed numerical model and experimental results obtained by the authors were described in
detail together with a comprehensive literature review on spalling damage of concrete.
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Author: C E MacKenzie, C-H Wang, R H Leicester, G C Foliente, M N Nguyen | Size: 2.7 MB | Format:PDF | Publisher: Forest and Wood Products Australia | Year: 2007 | pages: 115 | ISBN: 978-1-920883-16-4
This guide provides information to assist timber industry employees, timber users
and specifiers of timber to select members and structures with respect to their
service life requirements. The information provided has been derived from historical
performance and field and laboratory research and experience. The outcomes from
a 10-year multi-million dollar ‘world first’ research project to develop a probabilistic
durability design method for timber have also been incorporated in this publication
where appropriate.
The guide addresses in detail specific hazards with respect to the service life of timber
construction subject to the following hazards:
In-ground decay
Above ground decay
Weathering
Termites
Corrosion
Marine borers
More detailed information associated with timber performance for other hazards
including fire resistance and chemical degradation should be obtained from other
sources.
Better or more cost-effective performance is achieved with better knowledge. Thus,
it is expected that with time, this guide will be updated to reflect contemporary
knowledge and research outcomes. This may include coverage of alternative
preservative treatment processes such as ACQ, Copper Azole, and others, which are
now referenced in Australian Standards and State legislation.
This Guide is a complimentary publication to two other valuable timber durability
design resources that are outcomes from the Forest and Wood Products Australia
Durability Design Project completed in 2007.
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Posted by: hmwere - 11-24-2010, 05:41 AM - Forum: Archive
- No Replies
CivilEAns, I am very much interested in low cost housing projects.
In case amongst us, there some with papers, journals, books, or anything else pertaining to this, please avail some time and try uploading. It will be so much appreciated.
Equivalent Static vs. Response Spectrum A Comparison of Two Methods
By David T. Finley, Ricky A. Cribbs
6 Pages
0.5 MB rar file size
In recent years the state of the art of seismic analysis has increased along with the delopment of technology. The developments in computer hardware and software have made analysis techniques which were formerly too expensive within the reach of most project budgets. Foremost among these has been the response spectrum analysis method for seismic analysis.
In this paper we will review the basics of equivalent static and response spectrum analyses, and their specific use in the analysis and design of an optical telescope. We will compare and contrast response spectrum analysis with the more typical equivalent static analysis, and point out conditions in which one would be preferred over the other. In addition, correct interpretation and use of analysis results will be discussed. These issues will be investigated and discussed using the ongoing VISTA optical telescope structure as an example.
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You may want to look at this book. It is old but covers a lot what you are looking for.
Best of luck.
Adam
Public Health Engineering: Sewerage 2nd Ed.
Author: Bartlett, Ronald E.
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Format: PDF
Content Language: English
ISBN: 0203210891
Size: 9,116 KB
Publication Date: 2007-04-16
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Item 1: I have a terrible time using the search engine. Always it comes back with BINGO, reflecting my empty mind. Can some directions be given. I am not able to find them so far, and it is holding me back from posting anything (I am not joking).
Item 2: Secondly, and more importantly, the rolling thread is too short. I try to watch it regularly, but lost a couple of days due to sickness. Is there a way to record what gets posted (rolling thread-wise or whatever) for the last 5 to 7 days. Otherwise, there are items I will never know about that I miss unless someone raises them in future. This one is more demanding from my perspective, because we can only devote so much time to what is turning into a vibrant and everchanging forum discussion.
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Seismic Retrofitting of Historic Masonry Buildings – Case Study
Journal: Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 133 - 134)
Volume: Structural Analysis of Historic Constructions
Edited by: Xianglin Gu and Xiaobin Song
Pages: 991-996
Citation: A.R. Santhakumar et al., 2010, Advanced Materials Research, 133-134, 991
Online since: October, 2010
Authors: A.R. Santhakumar, M.S. Mathews, S. Thirumurugan, Rao Uma
Keywords:
Brick, Burnt Clay Brick, Carbon Fiber Sheet (CFS), Ferro-Cement, Ferrocement Bands, Lime Concrete, Load-Bearing Masonry, Retrofitting, Wire-Mesh
Abstract Masonry heritage building built during early part of 19th century have characteristic colonial architecture using masonry walls and jack arch roofing supported on steel beams. They are highly vulnerable to failure during earthquakes. This paper describes a methodology to quantify their vulnerability and then based on this a scheme of structural retrofitting is suggested. The aim of this presentation, through 4 case studies of buildings located in Delhi, India, is to exemplify various aspects of analysis, design and execution methodology of the retrofitting scheme for such important heritage structures. The assessment of vulnerability is based on its location, codes of practice with respect to materials and loading. The main challenge in choosing the appropriate retrofitting scheme lies in retaining the architecture and aesthetics. Also the retrofitting has to be completed in the least possible time causing minimum disturbance to the occupants. This has been achieved through a combination of Ferro-cement bands and FRP sheets. The execution of retrofitting was considered to make use of available local materials and expertise. The building is analysed in detail and the areas where stress concentration takes place is further strengthened.
The article can be found at:
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Author: C H Goodchild | Size: 11.9 MB | Format:PDF | Publisher: British Cement Association | Year: 1995 | pages: 67 | ISBN: 721014798
Hybrid concrete construction is essentially the combination of in-situ concrete with precast concrete, steelwork or other materials. It provides simple, buildable and competitive high-quality structures that offer consistent performance.
This publication illustrates in-situ concrete, precast concrete, steelwork and other materials working together in building structures. It shows how the benefits of each material have been harnessed to produce hybrid concrete solutions that suited particular sets of circumstances. The examples show how hybrid concrete construction can provide economy, speed, flexibility and buildability while giving high-quality and aesthetically pleasing buildings. Many contemporary buildings are hybrids of different materials; indeed reinforced concrete is a hybrid of concrete and steel.
Current trends in building point towards more prefabrication, more efficiency, reduced site activity, and safer and faster construction, Owners and tenants are demanding higher quality, with lower costs and reduced maintenance. Designers, striving to achieve these goals, will become even more aware of the implications of their designs in terms of buildability and total costs, and materials will be used to better advantage. Concrete hybrid structures and hybrid elements will become more common as their potential is realized and familiarity grows.
Many precast and in-situ concrete hybrids have been developed overseas and are commonplace abroad. Although some ideas have emanated from the UK and have been used here, others from around the world are worthy of much fuller exploitation in this country. For example, few composite steel-frame buildings had been built here before the beginning of the 1980s. Now most steel frames are designed as composites of structural steel and in-situ concrete, using technology originally imported from the USA.
Hybrid concrete construction is not a panacea for all situations but should be considered as one of the basic frame options for achieving speed and quality at minimum cost.
This publication aims to provide a source of inspiration, offering a multitude of ideas that can be adapted and improved upon in better buildings for the future.
DIRECT LINKS
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