PD 8010-3:2009 Code of practice for pipelines – Part 3: Steel pipelines on land – Guide to the application of pipeline risk assessment to proposed developments in the vicinity of major accident hazard pipelines containing flammables – Supplement to PD 8010‑1:2004

This part of PD 8010 provides a recommended framework for carrying out an assessment of the acute safety risks associated with a major accident hazard pipeline (MAHP) containing flammable substances. It provides guidance on the selection of pipeline failure frequencies and the modelling of failure consequences for the prediction of individual and societal risks.
The principles of this part of PD 8010 are based on best practice for the quantified risk analysis of new pipelines and existing pipelines. It is not intended to replace or duplicate existing risk analysis methodology, but is intended to support the application of the methodology and provide recommendations for its use.
This part of PD 8010 is applicable to buried pipelines on land that can be used to carry category D and category E substances that are hazardous by nature, being flammable and therefore liable to cause harm to persons. The guidance does not cover environmental risks.

Structural Analysis of Regular Multi-Storey Buildings

NA to BS EN 1996

NA to BS EN 1995

The Emergence of Unsaturated Soil Mechanics

The first ISSMFE conference (International Society for Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering) in 1936 provided a forum for the establishment of principles and equations for what has been come to be known as saturated soil mechanics. A significant number of research papers were presented on unsaturated soil behavior at the first ISSMFE conference but it would take 3 to 4 decades before a sound theoretical basis would emerge for the practice of unsaturated soil mechanics. It took visionary, pioneer engineers such as Prof. Spencer Buchanan to organize the international series of conferences on expansive soils. This series of conferences would provide a focused forum for the later development of the broader discipline of unsaturated soil mechanics.

Combined Seepage and Slope Stability Analysis of Rapid Drawdown Scenarios for Levee Design

The strength of levees can be affected during fluctuations in the water table. It is also possible for the climate to have an influence on the position of the water table in an earth levee. Traditional methods have resulted in approximate methods for dealing with the transient fluctuations of the water table in a levee. These approximations are generally accepted in engineering practice but the question can be rightfully raised as to how these approximations compare to a rigorous transient combined seepage and slope stability analysis. Software technology has significantly changed in recent years and is now at the point where it is much easier to perform transient seepage analyses. There are new questions that can be asked. Does an effective stress analysis diverge significantly from the 3-stage Duncan (1990) analysis? If so, under what conditions?

This paper compares the Duncan (1990) three-stage methodology for analyzing rapid drawdown scenarios to a combined transient seepage and slope stability analysis. Traditional limit equilibrium methods will be utilized in the slope stability analysis and the accommodation of saturated and unsaturated pore-water pressures will be considered. Analyses of a number of typical cross-sections will be considered in order to determine the potential influence of geometry. The intent of the paper is to illustrate scenarios under which the Duncan (loc. cit.) methodology produces similar results to the results of a more rigorous analysis.