This is an all inclusive manual that incorporates Allowable Stress, Load Factor, and Load and Resistance Factor Rating methods into one publication. This manual provides guidelines for the procedures and policies for determining the physical condition, maintenance needs, and load capacity of highway bridges. This manual has been developed to assist bridge owners by establishing inspection procedures and evaluation practices that meet the National Bridge Inspection Standards. The manual is divided into eight sections, each representing a distinct phase of an overall bridge inspection and evaluation program. This manual replaces both the 1998 AASHTO Manual for Condition Evaluation of Bridges and the 2003 AASHTO Guide Manual for Condition Evaluation and Load and Resistance Factor Rating (LRFR) of Highway Bridges. It also supersedes the Manual for Bridge Evaluation, 1st Edition with Interims. It serves as a single standard for the evaluation of highway bridges of all types.
The 2011 Interim Revisions have been added. Following each chapter the Revisions are identified as well as linked throughout the entire book where available. See the Changed and Deleted Articles sections for a complete list of changes to each section.
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seismic isolation for designers and structural engineers
Author: R. Ivan Skinner , Trevor E. Kelly , Bill (W.H.) Robinson | Size: 12 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Robinson Seismic Company - Holmes Consulting Group , integrated | Year: 2010 | pages: 387 | ISBN: doesn't have.
Contents:
INTRODUCTION
GENERAL FEATURES OF STRUCTURES WITH SEISMIC ISOLATION
ISOLATOR DEVICES AND SYSTEMS
ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF ISOLATORS
ISOLATION SYSTEM DESIGN
EFFECT OF ISOLATION ON BUILDINGS
SEISMIC ISOLATION OF BUILDINGS AND BRIDGES
APPLICATIONS OF SEISMIC ISOLATION
IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES
FEASIBILITY ASSESSMENT, EVALUATION AND FURTHER DEVELOPMENT OF SEISMIC ISOLATION
Reference List
------------------------
PREFACE
This is a revised version of the book “An Introduction to Seismic Isolation” published by Wiley and
Sons in 1993. There have been many changes in the course of this revision and this is reflected in
the changed title - “Seismic Isolation for Designers and Structural Engineers”.
This new book builds on the previous one and uses much of the previous material, but it has
different authorship and more focus on practical applications. It acknowledges the pioneering
work that has been done over the past 30 to 40 years but aims to present seismic isolation in a
different way, as an established technique that could be considered widely, even routinely, as
an option by designers and structural engineers. Trevor Kelly’s input as a practising structural
engineer has transformed the book into a modern version that makes full use of computer
science techniques. (A CD Rom is included).
The original book was authored by R I Skinner, W H Robinson and GH McVerry, who were at the
time working at the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR) in Wellington, New
Zealand. The book recorded the innovative earthquake engineering research that had been
carried out at the DSIR over the previous 25 years (see Chapter 3 of both books, and Chapter 8
of this book, which is carried over from the previous Chapter 6). However the book also marked
the end of an era, as it was written at a time when change was in the air and the DSIR was
about to be disestablished.
The DSIR was closed down mid-1992 as part of a New-Zealand wide drive to making science
more commercial. Bill Robinson has risen to this challenge by forming Robinson Seismic Limited
(RSL), an engineering company specialising in applications of seismic isolation to protect
structures from earthquake damage. Bill has continued as one of the authors of this new book.
The new author is Trevor Kelly, a structural engineer with Holmes Consulting, which has been
involved in the design and supply of seismic isolation systems for almost 20 years. Trevor’s
interest is in the structural engineering aspects of applying seismic isolation/damping and the
new chapters that he has written emphasise the engineering aspects.
The new book therefore retains the mathematical tools in Chapters 1, 2 and 3 of “An
Introduction to Seismic Isolation” but replaces the empirical methods of succeeding chapters
with detailed design and documentation material of the type that a structural engineer would
need to implement isolation. This is followed through with examples of practical designs.
This book provides both theory and design aspects of seismic isolation. This will be useful for
structural engineers and teachers of engineering courses. For other structural components
(concrete frames, steel braces etc) the engineering student is taught the theory (lateral loads,
bending moments) but then also the design (how to select sizes, detail reinforcing, bolts). This
book will do the same for seismic engineering.
The book provides practical examples of computer applications as well as device design
examples so that the structural engineer is able to do a preliminary design that won’t specify
impossible constraints. The book also addresses the steps that need to be taken to ensure the
design is code compliant.
The structural engineer is the key to adoption of seismic isolation technology. The book aims to
provide enough design information so that the structural engineer can be confident on
implementing seismic isolation; otherwise he/she won’t want to take the risk even if the architect
or owner is enthusiastic. Firms like RSL and Holmes Consulting will continue to be available to
provide expert advice and the benefits of their considerable experience in the field of device
design and seismic isolation.The engineering credentials and expertise of Bill Robinson and his company, RSL, are evident
from Chapters 3 and 8 (which describe the invention and development of the Lead Rubber
Bearing). Bill Robinson has been honoured world wide for this work and has received recognition
in New Zealand from the scientific community and the business community. There has also been
considerable interest in the public domain, in the display of seismic isolation in Te Papa
Tongarewa, the Museum of New Zealand on the waterfront in Wellington, which was built on
Lead Rubber Bearings (see Chapter 9).
The engineering credentials of Trevor Kelly are evident from his work as Technical Director of
Holmes Consulting Group (HCG), part of the Holmes Group, which is New Zealand's largest
specialist structural engineering company, with over 90 staff in three main offices in New
Zealand plus 25 in the San Francisco office. Trevor heads the seismic isolation division of HCG
in the Auckland office. He has over 15 years experience in the design and evaluation of
seismic isolation systems in the United States, New Zealand and other countries and is a
licensed Structural Engineer in California.
Since 1954 the company has designed a wide range of structures in the commercial and
industrial fields. HCG has been progressive in applications of seismic isolation and since its first
isolated project, Union House, in 1982, has completed six isolated structures. On these
projects HCG provided full structural engineering services. In addition, for over 8 years HCG
provided design and analysis services to Skellerup Industries of New Zealand and later
Skellerup Oiles Seismic Protection (SOSP), a San Diego based manufacturer of seismic
isolation hardware. Isolation hardware used on their projects included Lead Rubber Bearings
(LRBs), High Damping Rubber Bearings (HDR), Teflon on stainless steel sliding bearings, sleeved
piles and steel cantilever energy dissipators.
The company has developed design and analysis software to ensure effective and
economical implementation of seismic isolation for buildings, bridges and industrial
equipment. Expertise encompasses the areas of isolation system design, analysis,
specifications and evaluation of performance. In writing Chapters 4, 5, 6 and 7 of this book
Trevor has drawn on his practical experience in the field and explains methods of calculating
seismic responses using state-of-the-art computer software such as ETABS, used for the linear
and nonlinear analysis of buildings.
This book is the product of three expert engineers who have, over a long period of years,
worked separately and collaboratively to design and develop earthquake isolation solutions
and to incorporate them into existing and new structures. Collaboration on this book is a
further joint venture and has a two-fold aim — to be used for the benefit of professionals
looking to apply earthquake isolation techniques, and to be used in educating a new
generation of structural engineers and designers.
------------------------------
AUTHOR BIOGRAPHIES
Trevor E Kelly, Technical Director, Holmes Consulting Group
34 Waimarei Avenue, Paeroa, New Zealand
Trevor completed a BE at the University of Canterbury in 1973 and an ME in 1974. His research
report, related to the nonlinear analysis of concrete structures, initiated an interest in this field
which has continued throughout his career. He has worked as a structural engineer in New
Zealand and California and is a Chartered Engineer in NZ and licensed Structural Engineer in
California. Over the last 20 years, he has specialised in structural engineering fields which
utilise nonlinear analysis, such as base isolation, energy dissipation and performance based
evaluation of existing buildings. In his current position, Trevor directs the technical
developments at Holmes Consulting Group, particularly as they relate to structural analysis
and computer software development.
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Dr William H Robinson, Founder & Chief Engineer, Robinson Seismic Ltd
P O Box 33093, Petone, New Zealand
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Bill began his career as a mechanical engineer, graduating ME at the University of Auckland
before working for two construction companies. He then changed fields to physical
metallurgy, completing a PhD in 1965 at the University of Illinois. Two years as a research
fellow followed, working in solid-state physics at the University of Sussex before returning to
New Zealand to work as a scientist with the Physics and Engineering Laboratory (PEL) at the
Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR) in December 1967.
Bill’s interest in seismic isolation led to the invention and development of the lead extrusion
damper (1970) and the lead-rubber bearing (1974) (See Chapter 3) and has become his
major research and engineering interest. Other research during his career as a scientist and
later Director of PEL has included Antarctic sea-ice research, attempts to detect
gravitational waves, the successful development of an ultrasonic viscometer and
ultrasonically modulated ESR. The first version of this book was written with Ivan Skinner and
Graeme McVerry in the last days of the DSIR. Ten years ago Bill founded Robinson Seismic
Ltd, which is based in Lower Hutt, New Zealand and has contacts and clients all over the
world.
Dr R Ivan Skinner
31 Blue Mountains Road, Silverstream, Wellington, New Zealand
Ivan’s early activities prepared him for a contribution towards reducing earthquake impacts
on structures, including early applications of seismic isolation such as the Rangitikei stepping
bridge and the William Clayton building. He obtained a BE Hons in 1951, and a DSc in 1976,
from the University of Canterbury, New Zealand. In 1953 he joined the Physics & Engineering
Laboratory, PEL, in Lower Hutt where his wide-ranging activities included designing a
vibration isolation system for the lab’s new electron microscope.
During 1959-78 he led the Engineering Seismology Section of PEL where he applied his
knowledge of electrodynamics to modelling structures and their dynamic responses to
severe earthquakes. Other section priorities included the development of a New Zealand
strong-motion earthquake recording network used throughout NZ and overseas; engineering
studies of informative earthquake attacks worldwide; contributions as a UNESCO expert in
earthquake engineering and developing special components for seismic isolation to give
more reliable earthquake resistance at lower cost.
After the completion of the Seismic Isolation book with Robinson and McVerry in 1993, Ivan
became Director of the New Zealand Earthquake Commission’s Research Foundation, from which he retired at the end of 2005.
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exclusively for CIVILEA VIP members , holmes and robinson companies gifted me this book because of my efforts in seismic isolation , so please don't share anywhere , at any time.this is a very valuable and the most up to date book in the world.this book is gifted to Dear MohsenG , Our Dear Administrator.
regards
smith
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Author: George F. Limbrunner | Size: 59.4 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: Prentice Hall | Year: 2009 | pages: 544 | ISBN: 0135044359
Reinforced Concrete Design, 7e provides a non-calculus, practical approach to the design, analysis, and detailing of reinforced concrete structural members using numerous examples and a step-by-step solution format. Written with practicality and accessibility in mind, the text does not require calculus; it focuses on the math and fundamentals that are most appropriate for construction, architectural, and engineering technology programs. Revised to conform to the latest ACI code (ACI 318-08), this edition retains its unique chapters on prestressed concrete, formwork design and detailing, expanded coverage of columns, over 150 homework problems, and numerous sample problems complete with step-by-step solutions.
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Design method of piled-raft foundations under vertical load considering interaction effects
Author: Dang Dinh Chung Nguyen, Seong-Bae Jo, Dong-Soo Kim | Size: 1.52 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Original preprint | Publisher: Computers and Geotechnics Volume 47, | Year: January 2013 | pages: 16–27
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I was wondering if someone could help me find an article from Journal of Seismology:
Strasser, F., Bommer, J., Abrahamson, N. (2008)."Truncation of the distribution of ground-motion residuals". Journal of Seismology, vol. 12(1), 79-105.
Hi
please share this document; Development of Fragility Curve Considering Aging of Oil Storage Tanks and Its Application to Risk Assessment of Industrial Complexes
by: Yoshihisa Murakami
ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference (PVP2010)
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Small-Scale Modeling of Reinforced Concrete Structural Elements for Use in a Geotechnical Centrifuge
Author: Knappett, J., Reid, C., Kinmond, S., and O’Reilly, K. | Size: ?? MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: Journal of Structural Engineering | Year: 2011 | pages: 9
This paper discusses the modeling of reinforced concrete structural elements for use in geotechnical centrifuge modeling of soil-structure interaction problems. Centrifuges are employed in geotechnical modeling so that the nonlinear constitutive behavior of soil in small-scale models can be correctly modeled at prototype scale. Such models typically necessitate large scale factors of between 1∶20 and 1∶100, which is significantly larger than most conventional small-scale structural modeling. A new model concrete has been developed consisting of plaster, water, and fine sand as a geometrically scaled coarse aggregate that can produce a range of model concretes with cube compressive strengths between 25–80 MPa. Reinforcement is modeled using roughened steel wire (beams) or wire mesh (slabs). To illustrate the validity of the modeling technique, a series of three- and four-point bending tests were conducted on model beams designed to represent a 0.5×0.5 m square section prototype beam at 1∶40 scale, and model slabs designed to represent a prototype slab with plan dimensions of 4.8×4.8 m and 0.4 m deep (also at 1∶40 scale). The amount of longitudinal reinforcement was varied and tests both with and without shear reinforcement were conducted. The models were able to accurately reproduce both shear and flexural (bending) failures when loaded transversely. The load capacity (strength), bending stiffness, and ductility were shown to be simultaneously and appropriately scaled over a range of scaling factors appropriate for geotechnical centrifuge testing, and the technique therefore provides a significant improvement in the ability to accurately model soil-structure interaction behavior in centrifuge models.
An adequate longitudinal joint tie bar system is essential in the overall performance of concrete pavement. Excessive longitudinal joint openings are believed to be caused by either inadequate tie bar size or spacing or improper tie bar installation. If designed and installed properly, tie bars prevent the joints from opening and consequently improve load transfer efficiency between slabs and between slabs and shoulders, resulting in increased load carrying capacity. This study evaluated the longitudinal joint tie bar system currently used by CDOT, examining the criteria for proper use of tie bars and determining the maximum number of lanes that can be tied together without negatively impacting the concrete pavement structure. An improved mechanistic-empirical tie bar design method was developed. Tie bar design tables with recommended bar size and spacing were provided for each combination of pavement base types, CDOT concrete mixes, and weather stations. Field studies were conducted to investigate longitudinal joint performance and further evaluate the impact of factors related to design and construction practices. The experimental plan for this round of testing included the evaluation of tie bar alignment, measurement of joint load transfer, and measurement of relative slab movement at the joints. In addition, CDOT’s current specifications and practices related to longitudinal joint construction and tie bar design and placement were compared with those of other state agencies. Field testing results revealed that the measured joint openings at some tied longitudinal joints were in the typical range of non-tied slabs, implying that some tied joints performed as poorly as non-tied slabs. The results indicate the possibility of tie bar failure due to loss of concrete-steel bonding or yielding of tie bar steel. Another key finding was the possible impact of tie bar misalignment or misplacement on poor longitudinal joint performance. Testing indicated that the measured joint openings were wider when the tie bars did not connect to the other side of the joint, or when the embedment lengths were inadequate. On the other hand, tie bars with adequate embedment length on both sides of the joint, even when misaligned, appear to hold the joint tight. CDOT should adopt the mechanistic-empirical tie bar design procedure developed in this study. The research team recommends that CDOT conduct more rigorous experimental and field testing covering various base material types and concrete mixtures to obtain Colorado-specific model parameters for implementation.
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