This guide provides a perspective on a balanced combination of pavement thickness, drainage, and sub-base or subgrade materials to achieve an acceptable pavement system for streets and local roads. Such concrete pavements designed for low volumes of traffic (typically less than 100 trucks per day, one way) have historically provided satisfactory performance when proper support and drainage conditions exist. Recommendations are presented for designing a concrete pavement system for a low volume of traffic and associated joint pattern based upon limiting the stresses in the concrete or, in the case of reinforced slabs, maintaining the cracks in a tightly closed condition. Details for designing the distributed reinforcing steel and the load transfer devices are given, if required.
The thickness design of low-volume concrete pavements is based on the principles developed by the Portland Cement Association and others for analyzing an elastic slab over a dense liquid subgrade, as modified by field observations and extended to include fatigue concepts.
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A reference for students, researchers, and environmental professionals, Hydrogeological Conceptual Site Models: Data Analysis and Visualization explains how to develop effective conceptual site models, perform advanced spatial data analysis, and generate informative graphics for applications in hydrogeology and groundwater remediation.
Written by expert practitioners, this full-color book illustrates how fundamental hydrogeological concepts are translated into quantitative, high-resolution computer visualizations. In addition, the authors discuss topics not typically covered in conventional textbooks, including GIS technology and the relationship between conceptual site models and environmental policy.
Advanced Methods for Data Analysis and Visualization
Featuring more than 500 color illustrations, this unique and visually powerful book outlines the required elements of a conceptual site model and provides numerous examples of supporting charts, cross-sections, maps, and 3D graphics. The authors describe advanced analytical methods such as geospatial processing, kriging, and groundwater modeling through practical real-life examples. They also present numerous case studies in groundwater supply and remediation to help explain key engineering design concepts.
Data-Driven Assessments of Groundwater Management Policy
The authors tackle controversial topics, ranging from technical impracticability of groundwater remediation to sustainable management of groundwater resources. They encourage discussion and independent thought about how current environmental policies and practices can evolve to achieve better outcomes at less cost to society.
Practical Strategies for Communicating Your Findings to the General Public
While the book is technical in nature, equations and advanced theory are kept to a minimum. The text focuses on practical strategies to help you create easy-to-understand data tables, graphs, maps, and illustrations for technical and nontechnical audiences alike. A companion DVD includes animations, reference material, modeling software, and more.
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Author: Michael A. Hicks, Jelke Dijkstra, Marti Lloret-Cabot and Minna Karstunen | Size: 12.9 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: CRC Press | Year: 2013 | ISBN: 1138000418
Installation effects in geotechnical engineering contains the proceedings of the International Conference on Installation Effects in Geotechnical Engineering (Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 24-27 March 2013), the closing conference of GEO-INSTALL (FP7/2007-2013, PIAG-GA-2009-230638), an Industry-Academia Pathways and Partnerships project funded by the European Community from the 7th Framework Programme.
Infrastructure construction involves the installation of structural elements, such as piles and various ground improvement techniques for soils and rocks. The installation process itself can be quasi-static (for example jacked piles) or dynamic (vibratory methods, such as stone columns and driven piles), and generally involves very large deformations and changes in pore pressure. The fact that natural soils are complex geomaterials, exhibiting structure and rate-dependent behaviour, makes analysis of such problems yet more challenging. In particular, the influence of installation on key design parameters, such as mobilised strength at the soilstructure interface and soil stiffness, is difficult to quantify and, as yet, impossible to model. Numerical analyses using the standard Finite Element Method (FEM) are unable to produce accurate descriptions of large deformation problems due to excessive mesh distortions and novel techniques need to be developed.
Installation effects in geotechnical engineering presents the latest developments in monitoring, analysing and managing installation effects in geotechnical engineering, and covers aspects ranging from large deformation modelling to real field applications. Topics include: computational methods, constitutive modelling, installation effects, offshore constructions and foundations, soil improvement, and soil-structure interaction. The book is aimed at academics, researchers and practitioners in geotechnical engineering and geomechanics, and at practicing civil engineers.
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Structural engineers must focus on a structure’s continued safety throughout its service life. Reinforced Concrete Structural Reliability covers the methods that enable engineers to keep structures reliable during all project phases, and presents a practical exploration of up-to-date techniques for predicting the lifetime of a structure.
The book also helps readers understand where the safety factors used come from and addresses the problems that arise from deviation from these factors. It also examines the question of what code is best to follow for a specific project: the American code, the British Standard, the Eurocode, or other local codes.
The author devotes an entire chapter to practical statistics methods and probability theory used in structural and civil engineering, both important for calculating the probability of structural failure (reliability analysis). The text addresses the effects of time, environmental conditions, and loads to assess consequences on older structures as well as to calculate the probability of failure. It also presents the effects of steel bar corrosion and column corrosion, and precautions to consider along with guides for design.
This book offers guidelines and tools to evaluate existing as well as new structures, providing all available methods and tests for assessing structures, including visual inspection and nondestructive testing for concrete strength. It also presents techniques for predicting the remaining service life of a structure, which can be used to determine whether to perform repairs or take other action. This practical guide helps readers to differentiate between and understand the philosophy of the various codes and standards, enabling them to work anywhere in the world. It will aid engineers at all levels working on projects from the design to the maintenance phase, increasing their grasp of structure behavior, codes and factors, and predicting service life.
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AISC RESEARCH ON STRUCTURAL STEEL TO RESIST BLAST AND PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE
Author: Prof. T. Krauthammer | Size: 2.2 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | pages: 20
This paper provides an overview of key issues related to the survivability of steel buildings subjected to explosive load
incidents, and an outline of required research to address some of the problems that were identified in previous studies.
Explosive loads associated with high explosive devices are expected to induce significant localized structural damage
that could evolve into massive structural collapse. Recent numerically simulated responses of individual structural steel
elements and connections to such loads have raised serious concerns about their ability to survive explosive loading
incidents. Blast resistant structural systems are designed according to various guidelines, some of which are based on
simplified assumptions whose suitability might be questioned. Furthermore, the relationships between localized
structural damage and numerically-simulated progressive collapse have highlighted very complicated nonlinear dynamic
phenomena. These phenomena require further investigation using more realistic representations of the corresponding
issues.
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seismic design and retrofit detailling fundameltals
Size: 7.2 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified
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Behaviour of Pretensioned Bolts in Friction Connections Towards the Use of Higher Strength Steels in Wind Towers
Author: Christine Heistermann | Size: 3.4 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: Division of Structural and Construction Engineering – Steel Structures Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Luleå University of Technology | Year: 2001 | pages: 188
During recent years wind energy has established as an alternative to common
energy sources. To advance its competitiveness, the costs for the construction
of a wind tower have to be reduced. One possible option is the use of friction
grip joints instead of flange connections to join various tower segments in a
tubular steel tower. Additionally, the time necessary for installation and
maintenance of the bolts in these connections can be decreased, not only for
implementation in tubular towers but also in lattice towers.
Four different bolt types have been investigated with respect to the ease of
installation and maintenance on the one hand and structural applicability on the
other hand. The latter one is mainly defined by the behaviour of the pretension
force in the bolts. Various influences on the reduction of clamping force are
experimentally checked, such as the type and thickness of coating, the
thickness of the clamping package and external loading.
The slip factor, which plays an important role in friction connections, is
experimentally achieved in a test on a double shear lap joint. The experiment is
thoroughly examined by a finite element analysis, which models the interaction
between bolts and plates.
In various numerical analyses the influence of steel grade and possible
assembling tolerances on the resistance of a friction joint is investigated both
for single and double shear lap joints.
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Continually increasing demands on infrastructure mean that maintenance and renewal require timely, appropriate action that maximizes benefits while minimizing cost. To be as well informed as possible, decision-makers must have an optimal understanding of an infrastructure’s condition—what it is now, and what it is expected to be in the future. Written by two respected engineers, Infrastructure Health in Civil Engineering is presented in two corresponding volumes that integrate the decision making concept into theoretical and practical issues.
The first volume, Theory and Components, includes:
An overview of the infrastructure health in civil engineering (IHCE) and associated theories
In-depth description of the four components of IHCE: measurements, structural identification, damage identification, and decision making
Discussion of how IHCE and asset management are applied
Exploration of analogies between structural and human health
The second volume, Applications and Management, covers:
State-of-the-art practices and future directions
Use of probability and statistics in areas including structural modeling
Specific practical applications, including retrofitting and rehabilitation in response to earthquake damage, corrosion, fatigue, and bridge security
Use of IHCE for management and maintenance of different types of structures using pre-stressed and reinforced concrete, and fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs)
Numerous practical case studies, as well as coverage of the latest techniques in the use of sensors for damage detection and load testing
This set comprises, perhaps for the first time, an invaluable integrated guide to the wide range of structural hazards—including scour, earthquakes, fatigue, corrosion, and damage to pre-stressed systems. It then lays out the optimized, cost-saving methods that will help readers meet safety specifications for new projects, as well as the aging infrastructure at great risk of failure.
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