As dams age, they are subject to a series of external agents and processes which tend to deteriorate the qualities with which they were originally conceived to stand against these actions. At the same time, it is often necessary to respond to increased safety standards, either in the structural or hydrological fields. Reservoir sedimentation or water quality issues within the reservoir also give raise to problems that must be addressed. Lastly, climatic change in the management of water resources, and the need for sustainability have clearly become new incidence factors with which Dam Owners will have to coexist in the future.
Therefore it is obvious that an increase in budget allocation for remedial and conservation measures is required, in order to reach the increasing operation, supply and security measures which are being established. The relevance of this factor is mostly emphasized in developed countries which own an important heritage of aging dams.
In this context, Dam Maintenance and Rehabilitation II constitutes a complete review of the state of art in techniques concerning dam retrofitting and conservation. Contributions are presented either in English or Spanish and correspond to a wide range of topics related to dam maintenance, behaviour evaluation and rehabilitation. This shared knowledge and experience will surely be highly relevant for dam academics and professionals at all technical and administrative levels.
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ABSTRACT
Within previous decades, the seismic effects had not been considered when designed and constructed the buildings.
But now, due to the development of technology and knowledge, the seismic effects had been taken into consideration in design and construction of the structures.
This study deals with the building which was not considered the seismic effects and is reviewed with subjected to moderate seismic forces to know the performance of the building.
In this study, twelve-storey reinforced concrete building (ordinary moment-resisting frame) was considered to investigate the effects of moderate earthquake but substructure analysis was not considered.
First, the three dimensional model was analysed and designed under gravity load and wind load.
And then, the same model was reanalysed with the effects of moderate seismic forces (zone 2A).
Repeated analyses for this structure were considered for seismic forces (zone 2A) in both factored and unfactored load conditions.
For analysis and design of without seismic effect, ten load combinations were considered and then twenty-six load combinations with seismic effects.
Finally, analysis results in main structural components such as axial force and bending moments for columns, shear, torsion and bending moments for beams were compared for the performance of ordinary moment-resisting frame under three different types of analytical conditions described in above.
Moreover, storey drifts, storey displacement and storey shear were also compared in this study.
Structural analysis was carried out by using Extended Three Dimensional Analysis of Building Systems (ETABS) version 8.4.8 software.
Load assumptions and combinations were considered according to the provisions of Uniform Building Code – UBC (1997) and American Concrete Institute -ACI 318-99 respectively.
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All credits for ( k2kyaw ) in the following thread
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Article/eBook Full Name: Approximate analytical solution for bernoulli-euler beams under different boundary conditions with non-linear winkler type foundation
Author(s): Mohammadpour, A., Rokni, E., Fooladi, M., Kimiaeifar, A.
Edition: Volume 50, Issue 2
Publish Date: 2012
Published By: Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
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Article/eBook Full Name: Design Guide 28: Stability Design of Steel Buildings
Author(s): AISC
Edition: 2nd
Publish Date: 2013
Published By: AISC
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Author: Yong Wang, Ian Burgess, Frantisek Wald and Martin Gillie | Size: 12 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: CRC | Year: 2012 | pages: 394 | ISBN: 041555733X
Major events—notably the Broadgate fire in London, New York’s World Trade Center collapse, and the Windsor Tower fire in Madrid—as well as the enlightening studies at the Cardington fire research project have given international prominence to performance-based structural fire engineering.
As a result, structural fire engineering has increasingly attracted the interest not only of fire and structural engineers but also of researchers and students. And studies in recent years have generated a vast number of findings.
Performance-Based Fire Engineering of Structures summarizes the latest knowledge on performance-based approaches to structural fire engineering, enabling readers to critically assess research in the field. Whereas most recent books have been mainly concerned with dissemination of principles encapsulated in established codes of practice such as the Eurocodes, this work addresses in depth:
• Global structural behaviour and modelling
• Progressive collapse of structures in fire and the importance of connection robustness
• The integrity of compartmentation in fire
• Structural fire engineering under realistic fire conditions and its implications for material properties
• The limitations of research results and design methods
• The unexploited potential for advanced fire engineering design
This authoritative book draws on the work of internationally active researchers who were core members of the European Network project’s COST C26 working group on fire resistance. It helps readers develop a thorough understanding of how to use advanced fire engineering design to improve structural safety and reduce construction costs.
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Steve Hencher presents a broad and fresh view on the importance of engineering geology to civil engineering projects.
Practical Engineering Geology provides an introduction to the way that projects are managed, designed and constructed and the ways that the engineering geologist can contribute to cost-effective and safe project achievement. The need for a holistic view of geological materials, from soil to rock, and of geological history is emphasised. Chapters address key aspects of
• Geology for engineering and ground modelling
• Site investigation and testing of geological materials
• Geotechnical parameters
• Design of slopes, tunnels, foundations and other engineering structures
• Identifying hazards
• Avoiding unexpected ground conditions
The book is illustrated throughout with case examples and should prove useful to practising engineering geologists and geotechnical engineers and to MSc level students of engineering geology and other geotechnical subjects.
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Specialty Construction Techniques for Dam and Levee Remediation
Author: Donald A. Bruce | Size: 17 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: CRC | Year: 2012 | pages: 447 | ISBN: 0415781949
Dam and levee remediation has become more prevalent since the start of the twenty-first century. Given the vastness and complexity of the infrastructures involved, keeping up with maintenance needs is very difficult. Major surges in repair are usually triggered by nature’s wake-up calls, such as hurricanes, floods, and earthquakes.
The challenge has been to develop methods that ensure safe, effective, reliable, and robust solutions for current and future remediation issues. Specialty Construction Techniques for Dam and Levee Remediation presents the state of practice in North American dam and levee remediation as it relates to the use of specialty geotechnical construction techniques, such as anchors, grouting, cutoff (diaphragm) walls, and deep mixing.
The book focuses on the actual construction processes, describing design and performance aspects of remediation where appropriate. Chapters deal with the application of drilling and grouting methods, methods to install mix-in-place (category 2) cutoff structures, excavated and backfilled trenches (category 1), composite cutoff walls, and stabilization using prestressed rock anchors. The book also provides a comprehensive guide to dam and levee instrumentation, covering planning, operating principles, data management, staffing, and automation. As an educational and salutary example of ineffective efforts, the final chapter presents a case history of a series of remediations performed on a single project, which ultimately proved unsuccessful.
A wide range of methods has been developed in response to the challenges that arise in the dam and levee remediation arena and the need for a competitive edge. These new methods are designed and monitored using state-of-the-art techniques, giving rise to the emergence of new intensity and initiative in this field. This book captures this transformation by examining the theory and practice of contemporary remedial techniques, using recent U.S. case histories to provide knowledge and inspiration to readers, both in North America and around the world.
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Over the last twenty years we have witnessed a revolution in ground stabilization in both underground and above-ground applications, thanks largely to the widespread adoption of shotcrete as a medium for support. Shotcrete technology continues to evolve and improve as its utilization increases. From relatively obscure and sporadic beginnings, it has now become central to ground stabilization in mines and tunnels throughout advanced nations in the world, and is increasingly being used in developing nations.
The reasons for this success are clear. Shotcrete offers unrivaled scope for adaptation to varying ground conditions when used for stabilization, and allows flexibility with respect to geometry when used in other applications. The absence of form work and the fact that it conforms to irregular substrates helps to reduce costs, and it can be installed very rapidly. In many situations shotcrete will prove the most economical means of stabilization or construction, and it is more durable than most alternatives. The combination of these factors has made shotcrete the material of first choice in most underground support applications and in an increasing number of above-ground applications. As utilization spreads, new and innovative approaches to construction with this material continue to arise. The engineering basis for analysis and design of shotcrete linings and structures has also improved.
This volume includes a selection of papers describing recent developments in the evolving field of shotcrete technology, written by a wide range of authors from around the world. The subjects range from mining-related ground control requirements, testing and performance characterization, and durability, to nozzleman education and accreditation requirements. The result is a reference providing a useful compendium of recent developments which should appeal to shotcrete technologists and practitioners alike.
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Existing and impending water shortages argue for improving water quantity and quality management. Groundwater Optimization Handbook: Flow, Contaminant Transport, and Conjunctive Management helps you formulate and solve groundwater optimization problems to ensure sustainable supplies of adequate quality and quantity.
It shows you how to more effectively use simulation-optimization (S-O) modeling, an economically valuable groundwater management tool that couples simulation models with mathematical optimization techniques.
Written for readers of varying familiarity with groundwater hydrology and mathematical optimization, the handbook approaches complex problems realistically. Its techniques have been applied in many legal settings, with produced strategies providing up to 57% improvement over those developed without S-O modeling. These techniques supply constructible designs, planning and management strategies, and metrics for performance-based contracts.
Learn how to:
• Recognize opportunities for applying S-O models
• Lead client, agency, and consultant personnel through the strategy design and adaptation process
• Formulate common situations as clear deterministic/stochastic and single/multiobjective mathematical optimization problems
• Distinguish between problem nonlinearities resulting from physical system characteristics versus management goals
• Create an S-O model appropriate for your specific needs or select an existing transferrable model
• Develop acceptable feasible solutions and compute optimal solutions
• Quantify tradeoffs between multiple objectives
• Evaluate and adapt a selected optimal strategy, or use it as a metric for comparison
Drawing on the author’s numerous real-world designs and more than 30 years of research, consulting, and teaching experience, this practical handbook supplies design procedures, detailed flowcharts, solved problems, lessons learned, and diverse applications. It guides you through the maze of multiple objectives, constraints, and uncertainty to calculate the best strategies for managing flow, contamination, and conjunctive use of groundwater and surface water.
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Author: Jorge Carvalho Pais and John Harvey | Size: 8.4 MB | Format:PDF | Quality:Unspecified | Publisher: CRC Press | Year: 2012 | pages: 310 | ISBN: 0415643317
Cracking is recognized as one of the main causes of pavement deterioration, and is the primary cause of the need for maintenance and rehabilitation. Researchers around the world are working on the problem of cracking in asphalt pavements, with the goal of developing better understanding of the mechanics of cracking, creating test methods for assessing the risk of cracking for different materials and designs, and implementing these results into improved design methods and specifications. This Third Conference on Four-point bending held at the University of California, Davis, USA, follows two successful previous conferences, held at the Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands, in 2007, and at the University of Minho, Portugal in 2009. The primary objective of these conferences is to provide an exchange of ideas and experience and to disseminate that knowledge among researchers, government and private agencies and consultants, about the use of the four-point bending test to evaluate stiffness and fatigue resistance of bituminous mixtures. These proceedings include 23 papers from 15 countries that have been subjected to peer review by a scientific committee composed of experts in asphalt materials, design and testing. Themes of the papers cover a range of topics, including modelling of the four-point beam test, applications to mechanistic design, asphaltic materials evaluation, comparisons with other tests and non-asphaltic materials evaluation.
Four Point Bending is of interest to academics and professionals interested in pavement engineering.
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