The book offers a systematic analysis of footings (i.e. shallow foundations) in a realistic way, using constitutive relationships of the soil. The aim of the book is to deal with the theme holistically, involving the determination of the constitutive law of the soil, and then proportioning the footing occurring in different situations in actual practice.
The book has eleven chapters. After giving an introduction and scope of the book in the first chapter, second and third chapters are respectively devoted to constitutive laws of soil and basic stress equations. In the third chapter analysis of strip footings subjected to central vertical load has been dealt. This analysis has been extended for eccentric –inclined load in the fifth chapter. Since problems of shallow foundations resting adjacent to a slope are of prime importance, this aspect has been dealt in sixth chapter. In the seventh chapter, analysis pertaining to square and rectangular footings have been presented. Effect of interference between adjacent footing is covered in chapter eight. Since ring footings are usually provided for tanks, silos, towers etc., ninth chapter is devoted to this. Added attraction of the book is its chapter ten in which footings located in seismic regions have been covered. Effect of embedment below the ground surface on the behavior of footings located both in non-seismic and seismic regions has been dealt in the chapter eleven.
The book is intended for senior undergraduate, postgraduate and Ph.D. students of civil engineering, research scholars, practicing engineers, teachers and academicians. The analyses are based on the latest information available. A number of illustrated examples have been included in the text. SI units have been used in the book.
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This volume covers a diverse array of alternative technologies and their development with particular attention to the utilization of bioresources for the achievement of a sustainable environment. The book presents a selection of alternative technologies being used in developing and developed countries that can be indigenous to the region, cost-effective, and often driven by dominant societal interest and geographical status. Several engineering and technological processes are included to mark their importance in product performance and preservation of the environment.
Topics cover:
• strategies for the management of rain and ground water for consumption
• wastewater treatment using indigenous techniques of phytoremediation
• scientific and engineering approaches to the prevention of flood and landslides in the tropics
• wind power generation
• soil evaluation of contamination due to heavy metals
• green and sustainable building approaches
• bioethanol production
• energy conservation techniques
Refreshing and informative, Engineering and Technical Development for a Sustainable Environment revisits conventional approaches of managing natural agents (such as wind, rain and groundwater resources as well as wastewater treatment) in light of current sustainableoriented techniques using modern scientific concepts and strategies. It presents in-depth evaluations and analyses using systematic up-to-date scientific and engineering tools.
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This book will provide comprehensive, practical knowledge for the design of reinforced concrete buildings. The approach will be unique as it will focus primarily on the design of various structures and structural elements as done in design offices with an emphasis on compliance with the relevant codes. It will give an overview of the integrated design of buildings and explain the design of various elements such as slabs, beams, columns, walls, and footings. It will be written in easy-to-use format and refer to all the latest relevant American codes of practice (IBC and ASCE) at every stage. The book will compel users to think critically to enhance their intuitive design capabilities.
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About 7,000 people lose their lives and nearly 100 million people are adversely affected by floods each year worldwide. Flooding occurs in almost every part of the world and is the result of extreme rainfall. Severe flooding also costs billions of dollars each year in damage and economic losses. This new volume focuses on two detailed studies that employ physically based hydro-logic models to predict flooding in the particularly challenging environment of small watersheds with mountainous terrain and high intensity/high variability rainfall. "--Provided by publisher. �Read more...
Abstract: "About 7,000 people lose their lives and nearly 100 million people are adversely affected by floods each year worldwide. Flooding occurs in almost every part of the world and is the result of extreme rainfall. Severe flooding also costs billions of dollars each year in damage and economic losses. This new volume focuses on two detailed studies that employ physically based hydrologic models to predict flooding in the particularly challenging environment of small watersheds with mountainous terrain and high intensity/high variability rainfall.
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The book explains sound insulation in buildings at a level suitable for both graduate students and expert consultants.
Theoretical models are set out for sound transmission in buildings, with an emphasis on thick and heavy constructions. Thus, the description is not restrained by the common assumption of bending waves which is characteristic of thin plates, only. A general description is provided, with the modal density in the structures as a key parameter. At low frequencies statistical energy analysis is replaced by modal energy analysis. Sound transmission through windows and facades is represented by a model that allows any angle on incidence, including the special case of grazing incidence. One chapter is devoted to the subjective evaluation of sound insulation, particularly noise from neighbours, and how this can be applied in a sound classification scheme for dwellings. Measurement methods in building acoustics are presented with emphasis on modern methods using MLS signals or sine sweeps. The analysis and estimation of measurement uncertainty is discussed in detail. In a final chapter examples of experimental buildings with high sound insulation are explained.
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Data science has recently gained much attention for a number of reasons, and among them is Big Data. Scientists (from almost all disciplines including physics, chemistry, biology, sociology, among others) and engineers (from all fields including civil, environmental, chemical, mechanical, among others) are faced with challenges posed by data volume, variety, and velocity, or Big Data. This book is designed to highlight the unique characteristics of geospatial data, demonstrate the need to different approaches and techniques for obtaining new knowledge from raw geospatial data, and present select state-of-the-art geospatial data science techniques and how they are applied to various geoscience problems.
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This book examines the application of strut-and-tie models (STM) for the design of structural concrete. It presents state-of-the-art information, from fundamental theories to practical engineering applications, and also provides innovative solutions for many design problems that are not otherwise achievable using the traditional methods.
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The concept of effective stress and the effective stress equation is fundamental for establishing the theory of strength and the relationship of stress and strain in soil mechanics and poromechanics. However, up till now, the physical meaning of effective stress has not been explained clearly, and the theoretical basis of the effective stress equation has not been proposed. Researchers have not yet reached a common understanding of the feasibility of the concept of effective stress and effective stress equation for unsaturated soils.
Effective Stress and Equilibrium Equation for Soil Mechanics discusses the definition of the soil skeleton at first and clarifies that the soil skeleton should include a fraction of pore water. When a free body of soil skeleton is taken to conduct internal force analysis, the stress on the surface of the free body has two parts: one is induced by pore fluid pressure that only includes normal stress; the other is produced by all the other external forces excluding pore fluid pressure. If the effective stress is defined as the soil skeleton stress due to all the external forces excluding pore fluid pressure, the effective stress equation can be easily obtained by the internal force equilibrium analysis. This equation reflects the relationship between the effective stress, total stress and pore fluid pressure, which does not change with the soil property. The effective stress equation of saturated soils and unsaturated soils is unified, i.e., o˜=o˜t –Seuw–(1–Se)ua. For multiphase porous medium, o˜=o˜t –u*,u*=Seiui(i=1,2,...,M). In this book, a theoretical formula of the coefficient of permeability for unsaturated soils is derived. The formula of the seepage force is modified based on the equilibrium differential equation of the pore water. The relationship between the effective stress and the shear strength and deformation of unsaturated soils is preliminarily verified. Finally, some possibly controversial problems are discussed to provide a better understanding of the role of the equilibrium equation and the concept of effective stress.
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One of the core roles of a practising geotechnical engineer is to analyse and design foundations. This textbook for advanced undergraduates and graduate students covers the analysis, design and construction of shallow and deep foundations and retaining structures as well as the stability analysis and mitigation of slopes. It progressively introduces critical state soil mechanics and plasticity theories such as plastic limit analysis and cavity expansion theories before leading into the theories of foundation, lateral earth pressure and slope stability analysis. On the engineering side, the book introduces construction and testing methods used in current practice. Throughout it emphasizes the connection between theory and practice. It prepares readers for the more sophisticated non-linear elastic-plastic analysis in foundation engineering which is commonly used in engineering practice, and serves too as a reference book for practising engineers.
A companion website provides a series of Excel spreadsheet programs to cover all examples included in the book, and PowerPoint lecture slides and a solutions manual for lecturers. Using Excel, the relationships between the input parameters and the design and analysis results can be seen. Numerical values of complex equations can be calculated quickly. non-linearity and optimization can be brought in more easily to employ functioned numerical methods. And sophisticated methods can be seen in practice, such as p-y curve for laterally loaded piles and flexible retaining structures, and methods of slices for slope stability analysis.
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