Guidelines for the Design and Construction of Externally Bonded FRP Systems for Strengthening Existing Structures
Author: Task Group | Size: 0.95 MB | Format:PDF | Publisher: NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL | Year: 2005 | pages: 58
The present document adds to the series of documents recently issued by the CNR on the structural
use of fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites, started with the publication of CNR-DT
200/2004. The topic of the present document is the use of externally bonded systems for
strengthening timber structures.
This is an informative document. The intended objectives of this document are to disseminate,
within the professional community, the current knowledge on the use of FRPs for strengthening of
timber structures, and to provide the necessary information to identify cases where the use of FRPs
for strengthening applications is appropriate and safe.
It is well-known that the current state of the art on this topic is not as advanced as that on concrete
and masonry structures. Accordingly, no international guidelines on the use of FRPs for
strengthening of timber structures are available at present. In this context, the present document
represents the first step towards the development of specific design guidelines. These guidelines
will be issued in the near future, once the theoretical and experimental studies currently underway
internationally, will produce a more complete and consolidated understanding of the subject.
This document will then be useful to identify any still unsolved problems , therefore allowing the
scientific community to focus on them over the next years, and will become a reference document
on this topic.
The current version of this document contains some basic concepts on FRP strengthening and on
related specific problems, on strengthening of structural members under combined bending and
axial force, with particular reference to strengthening of wooden floors and their stiffening under inplane
loads. Some qualitative aspects of debonding issues and of strengthening of joints are also
addressed.
Finally, three Appendices are included, which present several examples of FRP strengthening
interventions on structures (Appendix A), the main technical references (Appendix B) and the
design code references on the subject (Appendix C).
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This British Standard specifies requirements for the manufacture of an ex-works residential park home for use as a permanent place of residence. It also specifies conditions of tests to be carried out to ensure conformity of products.
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This European Standard applies to machines used for highway maintenance which are attached to or mounted on
carrier vehicles and which are defined in clause 3. Directives and standards for the vehicular truck chassis aspect,
termed 'carrier vehicle' in this standard, would be those relevant to that equipment, even where specific
modifications have been made to adapt the machines for highway maintenance application. The use in public road
traffic is governed by the national regulations.
This European Standard deals with all significant hazards identified through a risk assessment pertinent to highway
maintenance machines, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer
(see clause 4). This European Standard does not deal with significant hazards associated with !deleted text"
EMC. This European Standard specifies the appropriate technical measures to eliminate or reduce risks arising
from the significant hazards associated with machine operation, setting and adjustments, load discharge and
routine maintenance.
This European Standard does not include requirements for the carrier vehicles (e.g. trucks, tractors, construction
machines, industrial trucks) as well as their demountable bodywork. These are covered in directives related to the
construction of vehicles. Demountable bodywork systems are specified in other standards.
This European Standard does not deal with:
walker-operated an hand-held machines;
machines for the maintenance of sports grounds;
machines for agriculture, horticulture and forestry;
winter-service machines;
street-cleansing machines, except sweepers in compliance with 3.9;
earth-moving machinery;
pit and sewer cleaning vehicles/-machines;
lifting platforms;
refuse-collecting vehicles;
bridge-inspection equipment;
loading cranes;
wood-choppers (bush wood choppers).
A machine which is a combination of several parts with different uses should conform to all the standards referring
to the corresponding parts of the machine.
This European Standard does not deal with the risks associated with the operation of machines in potentially
explosive atmospheres.
This standard applies to machines manufactured after the date of approval of this standard through CEN.
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Column Tests of Cold-Formed Steel Non-Symmetric Lipped Angle Sections
Author: Ben Young, Ju Chen | Size: 764 KB | Format:PDF | Year: 2008 | pages: 8 (808-815)
Presents experimental test of cold-formed steel non-symmetric lipped angle columns.
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Presents a numerical investigation on the local and distortional buckling behaviour of cold-formed steel zed-section beams
subjected to uniformly distributed transverse loads.
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Author: Ben Young | Size: 933 KB | Format:PDF | Year: 2008 | pages: 10 (731-340)
Presents open section cold-formed steel columns research summary by author.
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Presents nonlinear finite element analysis of cold-formed steel unequal angles and comparison of the results obtained with the experimental tests.
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Presents a design procedure of cold-formed steel walls carrying horizontal and vertical loads based on the results of a large series of tests.
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Presents an analytical model for predicting the critical stress of distortional buckling of cold formed steel sections.
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