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Tsunami Run-up—A Hydraulic Perspective
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The treatment of contaminated land to eliminate or reduce the presence of pollutants in the contaminated site has received (and will continue to receive) considerable attention from the practicing profession. Extensive research and development are still underway in respect to the delivery of more effective (and economic) means for site decontamination. The ongoing results can be seen in the availability of new and innovative techniques for complete or partial removal of pollutants, fixing pollutants within the soil substrate such that these remain immobile (forever?), reducing the toxicity of those pollutants in place, and a whole host of other schemes — all designed to eliminate or reduce the threat to human health and the environment posed by the pollutants. These constitute very important subjects that are being discussed and published by those professionals dealing with technology for site remediation. In this book, we are concerned with the development of a better understanding of the many basic issues that surround the control of pollutant fate in contaminated sites.
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This guide is intended for clients, project managers, and engineers in consultancies, engineers and laboratories who are responsible for commissioning, designing, organizing, conducting and interpreting loading tests on road bridges ant foot bridges prior to their acceptance. It must also provide the basis for a normative document to accompany Eurocode EN 1991-2. Until they become law, the recommendations in this guide should be stated in the contracts drawn up between participants and the client. To this end, its different chapters all specify the role of each party. Model clauses for engineering and
works contracts are given in the annex.
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ABOUT THIS BOOK
In an era where climate change, natural catastrophes and land degradation are major issues, the conservation of soil and vegetation in mountainous or sloping regions has become an international priority. How to avoid substrate mass movement through landslides and erosion using sustainable and ecologically sound techniques is rapidly becoming a scientific domain where knowledge from many different fields is required. These proceedings bring together papers from geotechnical and civil engineers, biologists, ecologists and foresters, who discuss current problems in slope stability research, and how to address those problems using ground bio- and eco-engineering techniques.
Ground bioengineering methods integrate civil engineering techniques with natural materials to obtain fast, effective and economic methods of protecting, restoring and maintaining the environment whereas eco-engineering has been defined as a long-term ecological strategy to manage a site with regard to natural or man-made hazards. Studies on slope instability, erosion, soil hydrology, mountain ecology, land use and restoration and how to mitigate these problems using vegetation are presented by both scientists and practitioners. Papers encompass many aspects of this multidisciplinary subject, including the mechanisms and modelling of root reinforcement and the development of decision support systems, areas where significant advances have been made in recent years.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Mechanisms and modelling of root reinforcement on slopes
The influence of cellulose content on tensile strength of tree roots; M. Genet, A. Stokes, F. Salin, S.B. Mickovski, T. Fourcaud, J-F. Dumail, L.P.H. van Beek
Novel biomechnical analysis of plant roots; O. Hamza, A.G. Bengough, M.F. Bransby, M.C.R. Davies, C. Halpin, .D. Hallett
Root reinforcement: Analysis and experiments; T.H. Wu
Root strength and root area of forest species in Lombardy (Northern Italy); G.B. Bischetti, E.A. Chiaradia, T. Simonato, B. Speziali, B. Vitali, P. Vullo, A. Zocco
Biotechnical characteristics of root systems of typical Mediterranean species; C. Mattia, G.B. Bischetti, F. Gentile
Uprooting of vetiver resistance of vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides); S.B. Mickovski, L.P.H van Beek, F. Salin
Root reinforcement by hawthorn and oak roots on a highway cut-slope in Southern England; J.E. Norris
Protection roles of forest and non-forest woody species on slopes in Iran; G.H. Bibalani, B. Majnonian, E. Adeli, H. Sanii
Reinforcement of tree roots in slope stability: a case study from the Ozawa slope in Iwate Prefecture, Japan; H. Nakamura, Q.M. Nghiem, N. Iwasa
Observation and simulation of root reinforcement on abandoned Mediterranean slopes; L.P.H. van Beek, J. Wint, L.H. Cammeraat, J.P. Edwards
Slope stabilisation by perennial "gramineae" in Southern Italy: plant growth and temporal performance; D. Cazzuffi, A. Corneo, E. Crippa
Root system morphology and anchorage
Root system asymmetry of Mediterranean pines; P. Ganatsas, I. Spanos
Root morphology, stem growth and field performance of seedlings of two Mediterranean evergreen oak species raised in different container types; M. Tsakaldimi, T. Zagas, T. Tsitsoni, P. Ganatsas
Stabilizing characteristics of New Zealand indigenous riparian colonising plants; M. Marden, D. Rowan, C. Phillips
Mechanical resistance of different tree species to rockfall in the French Alps; A. Stokes, F. Salin, A.D. Kokutse, S. Berthier, H. Jeannin, S. Mochan, L. Dorren, N. Kokutse, M. Abd.Ghani, T. Fourcaud
Root morphology and strain distribution during tree failure on mountain slopes; A. Stokes, M.Abd.Ghani, F. Salin, F. Dajon, H. Heannin, S. Berthier, A.D. Kokutse, H. Frochot
A numerical investigation into the influence of soil type and root architecture on tree anchorage; L. Dupuy, T. Fourcaud, A. Stokes
Methodology applied to eco- and ground bio-engineering
SLIP4EX – A program for routine slope stability analysis to include the effects of vegetation, reinforcement and hydrological changes; J.R. Greenwood
Site investigation for the effects of vegetation on ground stability; J.R. Greenwood, J.E. Norris, J. Wint
Mechanics of root-pullout from soil: a novel image and stress analysis procedure; O. Hamza, A.G. Bengough, M.F. Bransby, M.C.R. Davies, P.D. Hallett
Dendrogeomorphological observations in a landslide on Tymfristos mountain in Central Greece; A. M. Papadopoulos, A. Mertzanis, A. Pantera
Monitoring ground bio-engineering stabilization of land-slides in Lazio region (Italy); F. Preti, C. Milanese, F. Gubernale, S. De Bartoli, G. Falco
The use of geostatistical techniques applied to soil conservation of low density woodlands; T. Panagopoulos
A computer system using two membership functions and t-norms for the calculation of mountainous watersheds torrential risk: the case of lakes Trixonida and Lisimaxia; F. Maris, L. Iliadis
Comparison between two low cost photogrammetric systems: the analytical instrument Adam ASP2000 and the digital photogrammetric station DVP; V.C. Drosos
Applications at the slope level
Vegetative-based technologies for erosion control; R.P.C. Morgan
Vegetation succession and its consequences for slope stability in SE Spain; L.H. Cammeraat, L.P.H. van Beek
Hedge Brush Layers and Live Crib Walls – Stand Development and Benefits; R. Stangl
Vegetation dynamics on sediment deposits upstream of bioengineering works in mountainous marly gullies in a Mediterranean climate (Southern Alps, France); F. Rey, F. Isselin-Nondedeu, A. Bédécarrats
Implementation and monitoring of soil bioengineering measures at a landslide in the Middle Mountains of Nepal; W. Lammeranner, H.P. Rauch, S. Wibmer, S. Belihart
Beech coppice short-term hydrological balance for simulated rainfall; P. Trucchi, M.C. Andrenelli
Beech coppice leaf cover and gross-rainfall quali-quantitative transformation in simulated rainfall events of high intensity; P. Trucchi, M.C. Andrenelli
Effect of repeated fire on plant community recovery in Penteli, central Greece; G. Goudelis, P.P. Ganatsas, I. Spanos, A. Karpi
Effects of postfire logging on soil and vegetation recovery in a Pinus halepensis Mill. forest of Greece; I. Spanos, Y. Raftoyiannis, G. Goudelis, E. Xanthpoulou, T. Samara, A. Tsiontsis
The contribution of agrotechnical following a fire to the protection of forest soils and the regeneration of natural reforestation; M.A. Sapountsis, G.S. Efthimiou, P. Stefanidis
Decision support systems in Eco-engineering: The Case of the SDSS; S.B. Mickovski
A decision support system for the evaluation of eco-engineering strategies for slope protection; S. B. Mickovski, L.P.H. van Beek
Eco- and ground bio-engineering case studies by practitioners
Land restoration for the Olympic Games in Athens – Greece: Case study Lycabettus slopes (cycle road); J. Georgi
Herbaceous plant cover establishment on highway road sides; Z. Koukoura, A. Kyriazopoulos, I. Karmiris
Erosion control by application of hydroseeding methods along the Egnatia Motorway (Greece); M. Katritzidakis, A. Liapis, I. Stathakopoulos, E. Pipinis, G. Kekis, E. Ververidou, E. Sevastou
Restoration of slopes disturbed by a motorway company: Egnatia Odos, Greece; M. Katritzidakis, E. Pipinis, A. Liapis, I. Stathakopoulos, G. Kekis, E. Ververidou, E. Sevastou
Instability effects of the landforms, in artificially modulated banks along the road Thermopyles-Nafpaktos (Ftiotida-Greece); A. Mertzanis, A. Papadopoulos, A. Pantera
Evaluation of revegetation techniques on a mining spoil slopes; G. Brofas
Revegetation on steep slopes and in subalpine areas using biennial cover plants: A review of Huter’s technique; J. Heumader
Comparison of revegetation techniques on Alpine Slopes prone to avalanches and erosion; T. Schmid
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Engineers have always made a difference. They are the thinkers and innovators that shape our world. Find out here about some of the greatest engineers of all time.
Ove Arup (1895 - 1988)
Sir Ove Nyquist Arup is generally considered one of the foremost engineers of the twentieth century. Groundbreaking use of precast concrete, structural glue and computer analysis helped to make Arup's reputation, and that of his firm, Arup. The multi-disciplinary company provided engineering, architectural, and other services for the built environment.
Notible projects included the The Sydney Opera House, which Arup worked on from 1957 to 1973. Before his death Arup received a Knighthood from both the British and Danish monarchy along with a plethora of industry commendations.
Sir John Fleetwood Baker (1901-1985)
Sir John Fleetwood Baker was one of the first winners of the Institution's Gold Medal award. During the 1930’s Baker carried out tests on buildings which brought a revelation that led to Baker’s life work on the development of the plastic theory of design.
During the Second World War, Baker was appointed Scientific Adviser to the Ministry of Home Security, focussing on reducing the impact of bombing of buildings, especially industrial sites and factories. For residential homes without a garden, Baker invented an indoor air raid Morrison Shelter, named after the Home Secretary, Herbert Morrison MP.
Isambard Kingdom Brunel (1806 - 1859)
Considered the father of modern engineering, Brunel was the son of another eminent engineer, Marc Isambard Brunel. I K Brunel was elected to the Royal Society in 1830, when he was just 24. In 1833 he became chief engineer for the Great Western Railway.
As well as bridges, lighthouses and tunnels, Brunel designed the famous steamships SS Great Western (1837), SS Great Britain (1845) and SS Great Eastern (1858). Each ship was the largest in the world at the time of its launch.
Marc Brunel
French-born Marc Brunel worked on an enormous number of ingenious projects, including a suspension bridge, a series of (ultimately impracticable) compressed air engines, and the first double-acting marine steam engine. His last and greatest work, the construction of the Thames Tunnel was completed in 1843.
Gustav Eiffel (1832 - 1923)
A talented French engineer, Eiffel was most famous for his bridges and viaducts. Eiffel liked to work with new technology, especially wrought iron, designing the Eiffel Tower using this material. Another notable design was the Statue of Liberty, a gift from the people of France to the people of New York.
Oscar Faber (1886-1956)
Oscar Faber was the son of the Danish Commissioner of Agriculture in London. From 1911 onwards, Faber was influential in the development of the use of reinforced concrete in the UK, at a time when many engineers were distrustful of the material. Faber pioneered simple deflection load tests, and from them developed his theory of ‘Plastic yield in concrete’, and the resistance of reinforced concrete beams to shear.
Key projects include the bank of England, the House of Commons, including heating, ventilation and air conditioning, as well as Africa House and India House in London, and many factories. In 1992 he co-authored the book Reinforced Concrete Design with P.G.Bowie – a text which was to become a standard work. Oscar Faber was awarded a CBE in 1951 for his work on the house of commons.
Tony Hunt (1932 - present day)
Tony Hunt is one of Britain’s most highly regarded structural engineers. His career, spanning six decades, has involved working with a number of prominent architects and writing many authoritative books.
Hunt has wide experience in building structures of all types and materials but his speciality is in sophisticated steelwork, working closely with most of the leading architects in the UK and also in France. He is first and foremost a designer and is actively involved in the design development of projects. He lectures regularly in the UK, Europe, USA and Canada, acts as jury member for competitions and is a regular book reviewer.
His work has included a number of award winning structures including the Schlumberger Research Facility, Cambridge; Waterloo International Station, London and The Eden Project, Cornwall.
Fazlur Khan (1929 – 1982)
Khan was regarded as the Einstein of structural engineering, epitomising both structural engineering achievement and creative collaborative effort between engineer and architect. Khan's central innovation in skyscraper design and construction was the idea of the tube and bundled tube structural systems for tall buildings, and x-bracing. These innovations reduced loads, allowing skyscrapers such as the Sears tower in Chicago to be built.
Apart from many high rise buildings, Khan planned and designed the Hajj Terminal at the International Airport Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, the U.S. Airforce Academy and The United Airlines Building complex.
Throughout his career Khan was presented with many honours, including the Oscar Faber medal from the Institution in 1973.
Guy Maunsell (1884-1961)
Guy Maunsell was the British civil engineer responsible for the design of the acclaimed World War II naval sea forts and army forts used in the defence of the UK's Thames and Mersey estuaries. Maunsell is best known for his innovative, practical maritime engineering which included the army seaforts. His view was always that the interests of the client would be best served by an integrated approach to design and construction.
In 1955 he founded the UK firm of Maunsell & Partners, a practice famed for its pioneering work using pre-stressed concrete in major bridges. The most famous example is the Hammersmith Flyover, completed in 1961, which made revolutionary use of pre stressed concrete as a construction method.
Peter Rice (1935 - 1992)
Peter Rice was an Irish structural engineer who worked on a number of high profile projects including the Centre Pompidou, the Sydney Opera House, Lloyd's of London, the Louvre Pyramid, the Mound Stand at Lord's Cricket Ground, Kansai International Airport and Stansted Airport.
Rice was known for his sympathetic attitude to design, along with a strategic approach, having a cool head and managing to realise ambitious artistic designs in concrete.
Felix Samuely (1902 – 1959)
Born in Germany in 1902, Felix Samuely first came to England in 1933. He is known as the engineer who carried out the structural analysis of the ramps, for the famous Berthold Lubetkin Penguin Pool at London Zoo, and for designing the first all-welded steel structure in the UK – the De la Warr Pavilion, Bexhill.
Before the Second World War, Samuely pioneered welded tubular steel construction. Known during the fifties as the architects’ engineer, Samuely engineered the famous Skylon, the iconic symbol of the 1950 Festival of Britain. He pioneered space structures and folded slab construction in concrete, steel and timber.
Robert Stephenson (1803 - 1859)
Robert Stephenson’s 'Rocket' placed the firm of Robert Stephenson & Co at the forefront of steam locomotive design. Robert Stephenson became Chief Engineer of the London and Birmingham Railway in 1833. During the 1840s he was consultant engineer on a great many railway schemes.
Stephenson was famed for the many bridges he designed, including the High Level Bridge in Newcastle upon Tyne (1849), the Britannia Tubular Bridge over the Menai Straits in Wales (1850) and the Royal Border Bridge at Berwick upon Tweed (1850).
Thomas Telford (1757 - 1834)
In 1787 Telford became surveyor of public works for Shropshire. In 1790 Telford built a bridge over the River Severn at Montford, followed by a canal to link the ironworks and collieries of Wrexham with Chester and Shrewsbury. This involved building the Pontcysyllte Aqueduct, over the River Dee using a new method of construction consisting of troughs made from cast-iron plates and fixed in masonry.
After the completion of the Ellesmere Canal Telford moved back to Scotland to build the Caledonian Canal. Other works include the Menai Suspension Bridge (1819-1826), St Katherine's Docks (1824-1828) in London and more than 1,000 miles of road, including the main road between London and Holyhead.
Source: The Institution of Structural Engineers
It is just some of the few accomplished structural engineers..kindly share the others.
Reinforced Masonry Design (Prentice Hall), Trade paperback (1993)
by Robert R Schneider, Walter L Dickey
Trade paperback, Prentice Hall
1993
English
3rd ed.
752 pages
ISBN: 0130117277
ISBN-13: 9780130117274
This volume provides an in-depth, state-of-the-art exploration of the entire range of modern masonry construction -- properties and performance of masonry materials, design criteria and methods in reinforced masonry, complete design applications for both low and high-rise masonry, and environmental features.
Dear find my collection of IRC (Indian road congress and highway design manuals)
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Soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering
Authors Arvind V. Shroff, Dhananjay L. Shah
Edition illustrated
Publisher Taylor & Francis, 2003
ISBN 9058092356, 9789058092359
Length 533 pages
Unsaturated Soils: Experimental Studies in Unsaturated Soils and Expansive Soils (Vol. 1) & Theoretical and Numerical Advances in Unsaturated Soil Mechanics (Vol. 2)
Editor(s): Olivier Buzzi, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia; S. Fityus, Centre for Geotechnical and Materials Modelling, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia; D. Sheng, Centre for Geotechnical and Materials Modelling, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
ISBN: 9780415804806
ISBN 10: 0415804809
Publication Date: November 03, 2009
Number of Pages: 942