Minimization of welding distortion and buckling , Modelling and implementation

[fred2010]

Minimization of welding distortion and buckling , Modelling and implementation

Author: Pan Michaleris | Size: 15 MB | Format: PDF | Quality: Original preprint | Publisher: Woodhead Publishing | Year: 2011 | pages: 315 | ISBN: 978-1-84569-662-7

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Part I Understanding welding residual stress and
distortion
1 Introduction to welding residual stress and
distortion 3
P. Michaleris, Pennsylvania State University, USA
1.1 Types of welding distortion 3
1.2 Formation of welding distortion 4
1.3 Distortion control methods 10
1.4 Book outline 20
1.5 References 20
2 Understanding welding stress and distortion using
computational welding mechanics 22
L.-E. Lindgren, Luleå University of Technology, Sweden
2.1 Introduction 22
2.2 The Satoh test 22
2.3 Thermomechanical analysis of welding problems 26
2.4 Eulerian and Lagrangian reference frames 29
2.5 Nonlinear heat conduction 31
2.6 Nonlinear deformation 36
2.7 Finite-element techniques in computational welding
mechanics (CWM) 41
2.8 Heat input models 46
2.9 Material models 58
2.10 References 66
3 Modelling the effects of phase transformations on
welding stress and distortion 78
J. A. Francis and P. J. Withers, University of Manchester,
UK
3.1 Introduction 78
3.2 Types of transformation 79
3.3 Transformation strains 84
3.4 Equilibrium phase diagrams 86
3.5 Continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagrams 89
3.6 Signifi cance of transformation temperature 91
3.7 Metallurgical zones in welded joints 92
3.8 Effects of phase transformations on residual stresses in
welds 93
3.9 Transformation plasticity 95
3.10 Current status of weld modelling 95
3.11 References 97
4 Modelling welding stress and distortion in large
structures 99
L. Zhang, Link-Belt Construction Equipment, USA
4.1 Introduction 99
4.2 Three-dimensional applied plastic strain methods 100
4.3 Application on a large structure 112
4.4 Conclusions 122
4.5 References 122
5 Using computationally effi cient, reduced-solution
methods to understand welding distortion 124
T. G. F. Gray, University of Strathclyde, UK and
D. Camilleri, University of Malta, Malta
5.1 Introduction 124
5.2 Context and rationale for reduced-solution methods 125
5.3 Computationally effi cient solutions based on mismatched
thermal strain (MTS) and transverse contraction strain
(TCS) algorithms 130
5.4 Verifi cation of MTS and TCS algorithms 135
5.5 Multiple welds 140
5.6 Fillet welds 144
5.7 Hybrid and stepwise strategies 147
5.8 Selected case studies 151
5.9 Future trends 160
5.10 Sources of further information and advice 163
5.11 References 164
Part II Minimizing welding distortion
6 Minimization of bowing distortion in welded
stiffeners using differential heating 169
M. V. Deo, Cummins Inc., USA
6.1 Introduction 169
6.2 Welding-induced residual stress and bowing distortion 170
6.3 Mitigation of welding-induced bowing distortion 172
6.4 Experimental verifi cation of transient differential heating 174
6.5 Results 178
6.6 Conclusions 183
6.7 References 184
7 Minimizing buckling distortion in welding by thermal
tensioning methods 186
W. Li, The University of Texas at Austin, USA and J. Xu,
Strategic Global Sourcing, USA
7.1 Introduction 186
7.2 A simplifi ed fi nite-element model 187
7.3 The dynamic thermal tensioning method 195
7.4 Mitigating buckling distortion using the dynamic thermal
tensioning method 205
7.5 Conclusions 210
7.6 References 211
8 Minimizing buckling distortion in welding by weld
cooling 214
J. Li, Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology
Research Institute, China and Q.-Y. Shi, Tsinghua
University, China
8.1 Introduction 214
8.2 Welding with intensive trailing cooling, the dynamically
controlled low-stress no-distortion (DC-LSND) method 215
8.3 Mechanism of the DC-LSND method 226
8.4 Limitations and industry application 237
8.5 Conclusions 239
8.6 References 240
9 Minimizing buckling distortion in welding by hybrid
laser-arc welding 241
S. M. Kelly, R. P. Martukanitz and E. W. Reutzel,
Pennsylvania State University, USA
9.1 Introduction 241
9.2 Laser beam welding 242
9.3 Hybrid laser-arc welding (HLAW) 246
9.4 Hybrid laser-arc welding for reducing distortion in marine
construction 247
9.5 Conclusions 268
9.6 References 270
10 Minimizing angular distortion in welding by
reverse-side heating 273
M. Mochizuki, Osaka University, Japan
10.1 Introduction 273
10.2 Experimental 274
10.3 Mechanism of reduction in welding distortion 277
10.4 Conclusions 285
10.5 Acknowledgments 285
10.6 References 286

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