Weld cracking in ferrous alloys >> Edited by R Singh, Monash University, Australia

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Weld cracking in ferrous alloys >> Edited by R Singh, Monash University, Australia

Author: Edited by R Singh, Monash University, Australia | Size: 9.83 MB | Format: PDF | Publisher: Woodhead Publishing Limited | Year: December 2008 | pages: 574 | ISBN: ISBN 1845693000 ISBN-13: 9781845693008

…a valuable source of reference for all those concerned with improving the quality of welding and welded components.
Welding and Cutting

- reviews the latest developments in the design, evaluation, prevention and repair of weld cracks
- assesses recent advances in welding technology, design and material selection
- analyses weld crack behaviour, evaluation and repair including environment assisted weld cracking
- examines the important area of NDE and quality control

Weld cracks are unacceptable defects that can compromise the integrity of welded structures. Weld cracking can lead to structural failures which at best will require remedial action and at worst can lead to loss of life. Weld cracking in ferrous alloys reviews the latest developments in the design, evaluation, prevention and repair of weld cracks.

Part one reviews the fundamentals as well as recent advances in the areas of welding technology, design and material selection for preventing weld cracking. Part two analyses weld crack behaviour, evaluation and repair of cracking/cracked welds. The book benefits from an extensive and robust chapter on the topic of NDE and quality control that was contributed by one of the most respected non-destructive evaluation and development groups in the world. Part three covers environment assisted weld cracking.

With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Weld cracking in ferrous alloys is a valuable source of reference for all those concerned with improving the quality of welding and welded components. In the planning and development of this book, particular care has been taken to make the chapters suitable for people from other disciplines who need to understand weld cracking and failure.

About the editor

Dr Raman Singh is an Associate Professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at Monash University, Australia.

Contents

PART 1 WELDING TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN TO PREVENT WELD CRACKING
PART 2 WELD CRACK BEHAVIOUR, EVALUATION AND REPAIR
PART 3 ENVIRONMENT-ASSISTED WELD CRACKING

PART 1 WELDING TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN TO PREVENT WELD CRACKING

Selection of weld-crack resistant stainless steels
J DuPont, Lehigh University, USA
- Introduction
- Types of stainless steels
- Cracking mechanisms in stainless steel welds
- Preventing weld cracking
- References
- Appendix of terms

Robust welding technologies for ferrous alloys
A K Bhaduri, S K Albert and B Raj, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, India
- Introduction
- Weldability of austenitic stainless and other steels
- Weldability evaluation of austenitic stainless steels
- Weldability of modified chromium-molybdenum ferritic steels
- Dissimilar metal welding
- Improving welding in practice: development of special purpose electrodes
- Hardfacing of austenitic stainless steel components
- Conclusions
- References

Design against cracking in ferrous weldments
P Chellapandi and S C Chetal, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, India
- Introduction
- Weld design rules for pressure vessel components (ASME section VIII Division 1)
- Weld design rules for nuclear power plant pressure vessels (ASME - section III – division 1)
- Design rules for welds as per RCC-MR
- Design of welds with crack-like defects
- Effect of mismatch creep properties on weld design
- Conclusions
- References

A discussion of the current procedures for design of welds against fatigue
J W H Price, Monash University, Australia
- Introduction
- Weld failures and design problems
- Fatigue design concepts and their influence
- Manufacturing codes: acceptable sizes of surface cracks caused by welding
- Assessing the strength of welds
- Current approaches to design against fatigue cracking at welds
- Case studies
- Discussion
- Conclusions
- References

PART 2 WELD CRACK BEHAVIOUR, EVALUATION AND REPAIR

Mechanical behaviour of stainless steel, ferritic steels welds and weld joints
K Bhanu Sankara Rao, M D Mathew, K Laha, R Sandhya and B Raj, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, India
- Introduction
- Fatigue behaviour of stainless steel weldments
- Creep-fatigue interaction behaviour of stainless steel welds and weld joints
- Creep behaviour of austenitic stainless steel welds
- Creep rupture strength of ferritic steel weld joints
- Creep of dissimilar weld joints
- Acknowledgements
- References

Fracture toughness in the design and operation of ferrous weldments
S K Ray and G Sasikala, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, India
- Introduction: the importance of fracture properties
- Fracture properties for materials qualification
- Dynamic and quasi-static fracture properties
- Metallurgical inhomogeneities
- Strength mismatch and residual stress
- Characterisation of fracture properties: dynamic fracture properties
- Quasi-static fracture toughness
- Subcritical crack growth characterisation of welds
- Conclusions
- References

Testing and evaluation of weld cracking in ferrous alloys
B Raj, T Jayakumar and P Palanochamy, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, India
- Introduction
- Quality assurance and qualifications
- Testing and evaluation of welds
- Non-destructive tests
- Semi-destructive testing: metallography
- Hardness testing
- Destructive testing
- Testing methods for corrosion assessment
- Measurement of residual stresses in weldments
- On-line weld monitoring and intelligent welding
- Welding codes and standards
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Appendix I: compilation of standards on weld testing
- Appendix II: ASTM material specifications for welded components with NDT requirements
- Appendix III: standards for semi-destructive and destructive techniques

Lessons learnt from failures in ferrous weldments
B Raj, K V Kasiviswanathan, N Raghu, N G Muralidharan and V Karthik, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, India
- Introduction
- Welding processes for ferrous alloys
- Major failure mechanisms associated with ferrous weldments
- Reducing failures in weldments
- Case studies in failure investigation
- References

Cracking in high-performance superduplex stainless steel welds
A Comer, Dublin City University, Ireland
- Introduction
- Microstructure of superduplex stainless steel welds
- Toughness and corrosion resistance of superduplex stainless steel welds
- Hydrogen embrittlement
- Corrosion fatigue cracking of stainless steel welds
- Crack propagation in a benign environment
- Crack propagation in seawater under high electrochemical potential
- Crack propagation in seawater under negative imposed electrochemical potential
- Future trends
- Sources of further information and advice
- References

Weld metal cracking in cellulosic girth welds of pipelines
D Dunne, University of Wollongong and D Nolan, BlueScopeSteel, Australia
- Introduction
- Keyhole welding
- Cellulosic welding
- Pipeline construction
- Hollow bead defect
- Solidification cracking
- Cold cracking
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References

Repair of weld cracks
R Ibrahim, Monash University, Australia
- Introduction
- Weld defects
- Weld cracks
- Crack locations
- Other welding defects
- Resultant welding process microstructures
- Repair welding
- Welding heat treatment
- Techniques for tempering and grain refinement of the HAZ without PWHT
- Conclusions
- References

Measurement of residual stresses in weld repairs in steels
J Price, Monash University, Australia, A M Pardowska, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK and T Finlayson, University of Melbourne, Australia
- Introduction
- Experimental procedure
- Residual stress measurement
- Residual stress estimation
- Results and discussion
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References

PART 3 ENVIRONMENT-ASSISTED WELD CRACKING

Corrosion issues in ferrous weldments
R K Dayal, H Shaikh and N Parvathavarthini, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, India
- Introduction
- Different forms of corrosion
- Effect of defects on the corrosion properties of weld metal
- Effect of residual stresses on the corrosion properties of weld joints
- Corrosion of austenitic stainless steel weld joints
- Corrosion of ferritic steel weldments
- Conclusions
- References

Advances in techniques for determination of susceptibility of welds to stress corrosion cracking (KISCC)
R K Singh, Monash University, Australia
- Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) of welds and threshold stress intensity for SCC (KISCC)
- CNT testing
- Determination of KISCC by CNT Testing
- CNT testing of welds
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References

Less explored types of environment-assisted cracking of welds: industrial issues and research opportunities
R K Singh, Monash University, Australia
- Introduction
- Cr-Mo ferritic steel welds: high temperature corrosion
- Microbiologically influenced corrosion of stainless steel weldments in marine environment
- References

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